Discharge from hospital

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LEADERSHIP AND
MANAGEMENT
Esha Siddique
Sehar nadeem

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COUNSELING
Counselling is face to face communication by
which you help the person to make decision or
solve a problem and act on them.
Counselling is a helping process aimed at-
problem solving.
Counselling – done with individual , group or with
couple

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QUALITIES OF COUNSELLOR
• GENUINENESS
• LISTENING
• UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD
• BELIEVING IN CLIENT
• RECOGNIZE YOUR OWN LIMITATIONS.
• PATIENCE
• NON-JUDGEMENTAL
• BEING IN CONTROL-STAY FOCUSSED
• KNOWLEDGEABLE.
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EMPLOYEE COUNSELLING
Employee counselling is defined as a process which is
initiated by the responsible manager or counsellor for
providing assistance to employees facing problems
Employee counselling is a method of understanding and
helping individuals who have technical, personal and
emotional adjustment problems interfering with their
work performance.
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Organizational counselling
Organizational counselling will help
employees/employers to deal with
their work stress or workplace conflicts
with colleagues or employers, personal
issues, etc.
Counselling is an effective and
preventive people management
strategy for organizations to help
employees better managing stress.
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OBJECTIVES OF
COUNSELLING
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(i) Counselling is an exchange of ideas and
feelings between two persons.
(ii) It is concerned with both personal and work
problems.
(iii) Counselling may be performed by both
professionals and non-professionals.
(iv) Counselling is usually confidential so as to
have free talk and discussion.
(v) It tries to improve organisational
performance by helping the employees to cope
with their problems.

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TYPES OF COUNSELING
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1. Directive Counselling,
2. Nondirective Counselling,
3. Cooperative Counselling,
4. Participative Counselling,
5. Desensitization,
6. Catharsis,
7. Insight, and
8. Developing the new patterns.

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DIRECTIVE COUNSELLING:
1. Directive Counselling:
It is full counselling. It is the process of listening
to an employee’s problem, deciding with the
employee what should be done and telling and
motivating the employee to do it. This type of
counselling mostly does the function of advice,
reassurance and communication. It may also
perform other functions of counselling.
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NON-DIRECTIVE
COUNSELLING:
2. Non-Directive Counselling
It is the process of skilfully listening to the
emotional problems of an employee,
understand him/her and determine the course
of action to be adopted to resolve his problem.
The non-directive counsellor deals with respect
the person so affected. He takes the person as
best to solve his own problems and he
facilitates the person to reach his goal.
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIRECTIVE AND NON- DIRECTIVE
COUNSELLING
Directive
• Economical
• Emphasis on the problem
• Emphasis o the intellectual aspects
• Methodology is direct and persuasive
• Solves immediate problem
• Uses psychological assessment data.
Non- directive
• Time consuming
• Emphasis on individual
• Emphasis on emotional
• Methodology is indirect
• Deals with self analysis and new problems of adjustment
may be take care of.
• May not Use psychological assessment.
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COOPERATIVE
COUNSELING
Cooperative Counselling is the process in which
both the counsellor and client mutually cooperate
to solve the problems of the client. It is not either
wholly client centred nor wholly counsellor centred
but it is centred both counsellor and client equally.
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PARTICIPATIVE
COUNSELING
Participative is a counsellor-counselee
relationship that establishes a cooperative
exchange of ideas to help solve an employee's
problems. ... Counsellor and counselee mutually
apply their different knowledge, perceptions, skills,
perspectives and values to problem into the problems
and find solutions.
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DESENSITIZATION
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According to Desensitization, once an
individual is shocked in a particular
situation, he/she gives himself/herself no
chance for the situation to recur. This
method can be used to overcome avoidance
reactions, so as to improve the emotional
weak spots. If an employee is once shocked
by the behavior, approach or action of his
superior, he would continue to avoid that
superior.

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CATHARSIS
Discharge of emotional tensions can be
called catharsis. A Catharsis is an
emotional discharge through which one can
achieve a state of moral or spiritual renewal
or achieve a state of liberation from anxiety
and stress.
Catharsis is a Greek word and it means
cleansing.
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Developing the new pattern
• Insight is the ability to acquire a new accurate
awareness or comprehension about a thing or
person. Insight therapy is a type of therapy that
helps the employee to understand how events in
the past are negatively influencing the current
thoughts, emotions, and behaviours.
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Developing new patterns becomes very often
necessary when other methods to deal with weak
spots remain ineffective. In order to develop
new, more satisfying emotional reactions, the
individual needs to expose himself to situations
where he can experience positive feelings.
Insight

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ROLE OF COUNSELLING
Counselling is a two-way process
in which a counsellor provides
help to an employee by way of
advice and guidance. There are
many occasions in work
situations when a worker feels
the need for guidance and
counselling. In big organisations,
counsellors are appointed who
are experts in industrial
psychology
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PROCESS OF COUNSELLING
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• The counselling process has three
important phases:
• (1) Rapport building
• (2) Exploration, and
• (3) Action planning.

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REPORT BUILDING
Rapport building is essential for any
effective counselling outcome. In this
phase, a good counsellor attempts to
establish a climate of acceptance, warmth,
support, openness, and mutuality. He/she
does this by listening to the employees’
problems and feeling, by communicating
his/her understanding to the employees,
and by expressing a genuineness of interest
in them.
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EXPLORATION
In the exploration phase, besides accepting
the employees, listening to them, and
establishing a climate of openness, the
counsellor attempts to understand as well
as help the employees understand their
own situational strengths, weaknesses,
problems, and needs.
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ACTION PLANNING
In the action planning stage, the counsellor
and the employee jointly workout or plan
specific action steps for the development of
the employee.
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FUNCTION OF
COUNSELLING
1. Advice,
2. Reassurance,
3. Communication,
4. Release of Emotional Tension
5. Clarified Thinking
6. and Reorientation
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FUNCTION OF COUNSELLING
• Function # 1. Advice:
• One of the important functions of counselling is offering advice “to the counselee.” The counsellor has to
understand the problem of the counselee completely, before offering advice and suggesting a course of action.
• Function # 2. Reassurance:
• In order to give courage to face a problem confidently, counselling provides employees with reassurance.
Normally reassurance is not acceptable to the counselee. However, it is useful in some situations.
• Function # 3. Communication:
• Counselling helps improve both upward and downward communications. In an upward direction, it is a key for
employees-to make the management know their feeling.
• Another part of the counsellor’s job is to discover emotional problems relating to company’s policies and to
interpret those problems to top management.
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• Function # 4. Release of Emotional Tension:
• Releasing emotional tension is an important function of counselling. People feel emotional release from their
frustration after counselling. Release of tension may not solve the entire problem, but it removes mental blocks
to the solution.
• Function # 5. Clarified Thinking:
• Another function of counselling is that of clarified thinking. As emotional blocks to straight thinking are relieved
while narrating the problems to the counsellor, one begins to think more rationally.
• Function # 6. Reorientation:
• It involves a change in the employee’s psychic self through a change in basic goals and values.
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• It helps employees to tackle with the problems
effectively
• 2. Employees are able to sort out their problems
with ease
• 3. Counselling Helps in taking correct decisions, be
it personal or official
• 4. Counselling gives a new way to look at the
situation with a new perspective and positive
outlook
• 5. It also May reduce the number of absenteeism of
employee
Benefits of counselling

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THANK
YOU