serves as reference

1. Historical Foundations of
Education
The Beginning of Education

2. Must have known the major parts,
aims, content, methods, agencies
and contributions/implications of
Primitive, Chinese, Jewish, and
Hindu Education.
Objective:

3. Primitive Education

4. Aims of Primitive Education
1. Security and Survival
a. Natural phenomena
b. Fierce, wild, and poisonous animals
c. Evil Spirits
d. Hunger
e. Other Tribes

5. 2. Conformity
- social approval
- the interest of one was sacrificed
for the interest of the group
3.Preservation and Transmission of
Traditions

6. Types of Education
1. Vocational- learning skills in procuring
basic necessities
2. Religious (Animistic)-
learning to participate in
ritualistic practices

7. Content to be studied:
1. procuring basic necessities and
protecting life
2. Superstitions

8. Agencies of Education
1. Home- center of learning,
center of activity
2. Environment- informal
education

9. Methods of Instruction
1. All instruction was done
informally.(enculturation)
2. Observation and imitation.
3. Simple telling and demonstration.
4. Participation

10. Outstanding Contribution to Education
started
rudiments of
education
modern
educational
system

11. Early Chinese
Education

12. Aims of Education
1. Ideological and Ethical (moral)
Learning- teaching of Confucius
concerning relationships, order,
duty, and morality.

13. Five Fundamental Relationships
1. Between sovereign and subject
2. Between father and child
3. Between husband and wife
4. Between older brother and younger
brother(brother and sister)
5. Between older friend and a younger one

14. Doctrine of Submission
>subject to sovereign
>son to father
>wife to husband
>younger brother to older brother
>younger friend to older friend

15. Five Cardinal Virtues
1. Benevolence or Universal Charity
2. Justice
3. Conformity
4. Prudence or Rectitude of heart and mind
5. Fidelity or pure sincerity

16. 2. Cultural Development
3. Civil Service- prepare student to take
state examinations to qualify for higher
status in life

17. Types of Education
1. Ideological and Moral Education
2. Language Education
3. Vocational and Domestic
Education
4. Civic Education
5. Military Education

18. Content to Be Studied
a. The Classics
1. The Shu King or Book of History
2. The Shi King or Book of Odes
3. The Yi King or Book of Changes
4. Li Ki King or Book of Rights
5. The Hsiao King or Book of Filial Piety

19. b. The Four Books
1. The Ta Hsio or Great Learning
2. The Chu Yung or Doctrine of the Mean
3. The Lun Yu or Sayings of Confucius
4. Meng-Tze or Saying of Mencius

20. Agencies of Education
1. Home
2. Private Schools
3. House of teacher or
rich pupil, a deserted
pagoda, any place

21. Methods of Instruction
1. The Confucian Method- outdoor
teaching
2. Direct and Exact Imitation
3. Memorization

22. Outstanding Contribution to Education
Administration of civil
service examinations

23. Early Hebrew
Education
(Jewish)

24. Aims of Education
1. Moral- develop faithful and obedient
servants to God
2. Preparation for destiny
3. Holiness
4. Observance of Religion
Torah- essence of Jewish law
Decalogue-Ten Commandments

25. Types of Education
1. Religious and civic education-spiritual and
theocratic
2. Democratic Education- universal
3. Domestic Education- controlled by family
4. Vocational Education
5. Human Relations
6. Physical Education

26. Content to Be Studied
1. History of the Hebrews and God
Relationships with them
2. The Jewish Law or Mosaic Law-
Pentateuch(Torah) and Talmud(basis of
Hebrew educational curriculum

27. 3. Psalms and Proverbs
4. Explanation of Festivities- Passover,
Tabernacles, Shabouth
5. Music, sacred and commom
6. Reading and writing
7. Foreign languages

28. Agencies of Education
1. Home
2. Public School- High Priest Joshua ben
Gamala
3. Temple- synagogue
4. Institutions for lay prophets
5. Schools or colleges for scribes- Study of
Torah and Talmud

29. Methods of Instruction
1. Compulsory- boys(school),girls(home)
2. Oral-spoken word, writing(wax and
stylus)
3. Memorization- mnemonic devices

30. 4. Audio-Visual Aids
5. Exposition-higher education
6. Temple Worship- compulsory for all
males to visit the temple at least three
times (Passover, Shabouth, Tabernacles

31. Outstanding Contribution to Education
and Humanity
1. Monotheism- one and only one God
2.the Ten Commandments-guide to ethical
conduct
3. the Bible-Fountainhead

32. Early Hindu Education

33. Aims of Education
1. Intellectual
2. Religious
3. Cultural- preserve caste system

34. Types of Education
1. Religious Education- spiritual and
emotional attitudes
2. Intellectual Education- for priests and
teachers
3. Vocational Education- artisans, laborers
4. Domestic Education-for women
5. Military Education- military caste

35. Content to Be Studied
1. Literature for the Brahmans
Vedas:
a. Rig Veda-Veda of Psalms and Verses
b. Yajur Veda_ Veda of Sacred Formulas
c. Sama Veda- Veda of Chants
d. Atharva Veda- Veda of Charms
e. The Angas
f. The Code of Manu

36. 2. Astronomy, History, Grammar, Law,
Medicine, and Mathematics
3. Dancing associated with religion
4. Sports- Wrestling, Archery, Yoga
5. Linguistics, Philosophy, and Theology –
priests
6. use of horse, elephant, and the chariot in
war- military training

37. Agencies of Education
1. The Home-till age of 5
2. Outdoors- 15 pupils, under large trees
3. Monasteries

38. Methods of Instruction
1. Imitation-
2. Memorization-
Vedas

39. Outstanding Contribution
Decimal system of arithmetical
notation

40. Thank you...