Design of a water purification system for Yeditepe University engineering floors.

1. 05.05.2015 1Yeditepe University, Istanbul
Doruk ANGUN
Peren AKSU
Ramazan GÖKAY
Salih GÜVEN

2. Contents
 The Need and the Statement of the Problem
 The Objective & The Scope
 The Project Partition Tree
 Literature Survey
 Preliminary Design Alternatives
 Selected Designs
 Detailed Design
 Conclusion
 References
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3. The Need and The statement of the problem
 Insufficient water supply
 Difficulties in the demijohn transport
 Waiting time of cold or hot water serve
 Number of water dispensers
 Change frequency of demijohns
 Health problems caused by demijohns
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4. The objective & The Scope
 Objectives
 Compact size
 Long life span
 Efficient
 Low cost
 Reliable
 Operates non-stop
 Scopes
 Cold & hot water taps
 1 dispenser at each floor
 Clean water tank
 A pump
 PPRC type pipes
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5. The Project Partition Tree
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6. Literature Survey
Some Companies
 Sartorius
Laboratory equipment providers, they can develop products
according to customer needs.
 PUR
They produce high technology filtration systems for
consumers.
 Amway
Amway develops water purifiers for users.
 National Sanitation Foundation (NSF)
NSF is an organization that works on public health and
safety.
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7. Literature Survey
Some Patents[1]
 Drinking Water Purification Device - [ US 2014/0008302 A1 –
Jan.09,2014 – King ]
System contains silver ions.
 Water Purification Systems – [US 7,927,488 B1 – Apr.19,2011 –
Wilfong ]
It balances the pH of the water.
 Wireless Water Purification Systems and Wireless Remote
Dispensing Devices For Water Purification Systems – [ US 7,824,543
B2 – Nov.02,2010 – Larkner ]
It includes wireless controller system.
 Reverse Osmosis Purification System – [ US 6,190,558 B1 – Feb.20,
2001 – Robbins ]
It sends the product water stream to mixing unit to get more pure water
 Apparatus For Water Treatment – [US 4,971,687-Nov.20,1990 -
Anderson]
Water is sterilized or disinfected by an ultarviolet lamp.
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8. Literature Survey
Some Scientific Studies
Heavy metal rejection was evaluated using a sugar–electrolyte draw
solution. The impact of various cleaning agents on membrane
performance was tested[2].
The feasibility of using the Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube
membrane for water purification was examined[3].
A cost-effective method which is for phosphorus removal from
reject water of sludge dewatering process by using supernatant
from sludge lime stabilization (SLS) processes was studied[4].
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9. Preliminary Design Alternatives
 Interfaces
24.03.2015 9Yeditepe University, Istanbul
Eco Dispenser Drop Shape Dispenser The Water Prism

10. Preliminary Design Alternatives
 Filters
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All in One Filter In Place Filtration Internal Sand Filter Multi Layered Filter Reverse Osmos Filter

11. Preliminary Design Alternatives
 Connectors
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Hose
Adapter
Easy
Connector
Laser
Flowmeter
Connection
Apparatus
Simple
Connector

12. Selected Designs
0
2
4
6
8
10
Eco
Dispenser
Drop
Shape
Water
Pyramid
Interface
Interface 0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Water Pumps
Water Pumps
0
5
10
15
20
25
Connectors
Connectors0
5
10
15
20
25
Filters
Filters
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13. Detailed Design
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14. Detailed Design
After the preliminary design now we will
focus on detatils such as:
 External dimensions
 Materials requirements
 Design life
 Operating parameters
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15. Pipe Flow Analysis
When the water flows through the pipes two
types of losses will occur:
1. Major Losses (Frictional Losses)
2. Minor Losses
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16. Pipe Flow Analysis
1. Major Losses (Frictional Losses)
 Pipe diameters are selected with respect to flow rate and velocity for
each floor.
 Velocity limit (1.5 m/s) is checked for diameter selection.
 Reynolds number is calculated and flow regime is checked.
 Friction factor (f) is calculated by using (f=64/Re) for laminar, and
checked from moody chart for turbulent flows.
 Length of the pipes are chosen as 4 m.
 Head loss is calculated by using :
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17. Pipe Flow Analysis
1. Major Losses (Frictional Losses)
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Total Major Loss=1,549 m

18. Pipe Flow Analysis
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Head loss has a decreasing trend as the height increases.

19. Pipe Flow Analysis
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Velocity has a decreasing trend as the height increases.

20. Pipe Flow Analysis
2. Minor Losses
 Piping systems include fittings, valves, inlets, exits etc.
 Additional losses occur because of flow separation and mixing due to
fittings.
 The minor losses associated with
 Velocity (V)
 Loss Coefficient (KL)
 Gravity
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21. Pipe Flow Analysis
Section System Components (in vertical)
Pump to -2nd Floor
1 x Check Valve
1 x 4 m Straight Pipe
1 x 90° Elbow
-2nd Floor to 6th Floor
8 x Gate Valve
8x 4 m Straight Pipe
8 x T-Piece
6th Floor to Uppermost 1 x 90° Elbow
TOTAL
• 1 x Check Valve
• 8 x Gate Valve
• 9 x 4 m Straight Pipe
• 8 x T-Piece
• 2 x 90° Elbow
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22. Pipe Flow Analysis
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Total Minor Loss= 0.472 m

23. Pipe Flow Analysis
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Minor head loss has a decreasing trend as the height
increases.

24. Pipe Flow Analysis
 Total height= 36 meters
 Total head loss= 1.549 m + 0.472 m= 2.021 meters.
The pump must have at least 36 + 2 = 38 meters of head.
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25. Cost Analysis
1. Pipes[5]:
 T-Piece:
 90° Elbow:
 Straight Pipe
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Fırat 7742252520
Unit Cost= 0.50 TL
Total Cost= 8 x 0.50 TL= 4 TL
Fırat 771000025
Unit Cost= 0.40 TL
Total Cost= 2 x 0.40 TL= 0.80 TL
Fırat PPRC with fiberglass
20 mm
Cost per meter=2.99 TL
Total Cost=40 m x 2.99 TL= 119.6 TL
25 mm
Cost per meter=4.34 TL
Total Cost=20 m x 4.34 TL= 86.8 TL

26. Cost Analysis
2. Valves [6]:
 Gate Valve:
 Check Valve:
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Duyar, DIN 3216
Unit Cost= 10 TL
Total Cost= 8 x 10 TL= 80 TL
Duyar, Disc Type Check Valve
Unit Cost= 42 TL
Total Cost= 1 x 42 TL= 42 TL

27. Cost Analysis
3. Filter[7]:
R12-1200-1 Wall Mounted RO System
Cost = 7830TL
4. Pump[8]:
Wilo FMHI 405 1,1/2-M-1-E Multi Staged
Horizontal Domestic Hidrofor
Cost=1.961 TL
5. Control Unit:
RG Control Unit , SG5221 Water Pump Controller
Cost=175 TL (Typical Design)
6. Water Tank:
Cost = 500TL
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28. Cost Analysis
7. Design & Engineering:
Cost = 10000Tl
Total Cost = 20000TL
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29. Simulation of the System
 By the help of the Matlab ‘s Simulink Hydraulics Add-
on , the simulation of the system were done detailed.
 The general control loop ;
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30. Simulation of the System
Subsystem ;
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31. Simulation of the System
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Conclusion
 A retrofitable system was designed.
 The system was designed based on having long life span.
 Efficient & Low Cost appliances were considered during the
design stage.
 With this system individuals do not wait for changing of
demijohns.
 Health problems caused by demijohns will be removed.

33. References
 [1] www.uspto.gov [online avaliable- March 23,2015]
 [2] ‘’Point of use water treatment with forward osmosis for emergency
relief’’-Ethan Butler, Andrew Silva, Kyle Horton, Zachary Rom, Malgorzata
Chwatko,
Arie Havasov, Jeffrey R. McCutcheon
 [3] ‘’High performance and antifouling vertically aligned carbon nanotube
membrane forwater purification’’ - YoungbinBaek , CholinKim ,
DongKyunSeo , TaewooKim , JeongSeokLee , YongHyupKim ,
KyungHyunAhn , SangSeekBae , SangCheolLee , Jaelim Lim , KyunghyukLee ,
JeyongYoon
 [4] ‘’A cost-effective method for the treatment of reject water from sludge
dewatering process using supernatant from sludge lime stabilization’’-
Weichao Ren a, Zhen Zhou , Lu-Man Jiang , Dalong Hu , Zhan Qiu , Haijuan
Wei , Luochun Wang
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34. References
 [5] http://www.firat.com/userfiles/file/pdf/tr/Brosurler2014/PPRC-
KOMPOZIT_TR_2014.pdf
 [6] http://www.duyarvana.com/
 [7] http://www.belkraft.com/images/R12.jpg
 [8] http://www.wiloturkiye.com/FMHI-405-112-M-1-E-Monofaze-Cok-
Kademeli-Yatay-Hidromatli-Hidrofor%2cPR-264.html
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