Sickle cell disease also called sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder. It is more likely to be a blood disorder passed from mother to child. This kind of blood disorder is very painful and intolerable for pregnant women with SCD(Sickle cell disease).
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How to deal with sickle cell disease during
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Sickle cell disease also called sickle cell anemia is an
autosomal recessive disorder. It is more likely to be a
blood disorder passed from mother to child. This kind
of blood disorder is very painful and intolerable for
pregnant women with SCD(Sickle cell disease).
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Table of Contents
1. Why is sickle cell disease autosomal recessive?
2. Why does it occur?
3. Causes of sickle cell disease
4. How do you know SCD or SCT will be passed to your child or not?
5. Effects of sickle cell disease in pregnancy
6. What are the normal symptoms of SCD?
7. A complication of sickle cell disease during pregnancy
7.1. The complications in pregnant women are like;
7.2. The complications seen in a developing baby are like;
8. How to nd out you are having sickle cell disease or sickle cell traits?
8.1. Swab test
8.2. Family history collection
8.3. .Preimplantation diagnosis
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2. Why is sickle cell disease autosomal recessive?
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It is called recessive. Because this disease is
inherited from the parents. And the parents are
responsible for the transfer of sickle cell disease to
the child. This type of blood disorder is either
SCD(sickle cell disease) or SCT( sickle cell traits).
Normally, the pregnant mother who has SCT delivers
a healthy baby. And the mother with SCD needs to
consult a genetic counselor.
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Why does it occur?
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The normal red blood cell contains globin protein.
These are called hemoglobin.it carries oxygen to the
body.
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The healthy and normal red blood cells are round in
shape. They are also very smooth and exible. It
looks like a full moon and circulates easily through
the blood vessels.
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But the sickle cell contains abnormal hemoglobin.
They are like sickle shape. Itâs like the letter câ.These
abnormal cells are impacted on the capillaries and
8.4. Black and Hispanic
9. Treatment of Sickle cell disease during pregnancy
10. Management of SCD
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3. cause hemolysis with local anoxemia. This causes
more pain and lack of oxygen supply to the tissues.
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Causes of sickle cell disease
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It is a genetically inherited disease that comes from
the parents to the child through the gene. Genes
basically come in pairs( one from father and one
from mother). These are responsible for the growth
and development of the baby.
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But, sometimes the gene function becomes altered. It
is called gene mutation. This is mainly responsible
for birth defects and other health problems in the
baby.
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How do you know SCD or SCT will be passed to
your child or not?
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If the mother and the father both have sickle cell
disease then the baby will surely suffer from it. but, if
the mother and father have sickle cell traits then the
results are quite different.
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There will be 75 percent chances that the baby
wonât have sickle cell disease.
50 percent chances are that the baby has sickle
cell traits.
25 percent chances that your baby has sickle
cell disease.
Another 25 percent chances are like, your baby
has neither SCD nor SCT.
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4. Effects of sickle cell disease in pregnancy
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Infertility
Increased risk of abortion
Risk of infections
Preterm deliveries
Preeclampsia and hypertension
Stillbirth
The risk for maternal mortality
Intrauterine growth retardation
Anemia
Increased cardiac output
Vaso-occlusion
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What are the normal symptoms of SCD?
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The symptoms of this disease appear at 5 months of
age. But, in some cases, it may vary from individual
to individual.
So, in these cases the normal sign and symptoms are
;
Recurrent pain
Anemia
Delayed growth and puberty
There may be swelling of hands and feet
Frequent infections
Vision problems
Restlessness
Splenomegaly
Cardiomegaly
Non-healing ulcer
Headache
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5. A complication of sickle cell disease during
pregnancy
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As it affects the body organs, there are several
complications related to it.
The complications in pregnant women are like;
Infection in the urinary tract, lungs, and kidney
Gallstone
Cardiomegaly
Anemia
Miscarriage
death
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The complications seen in a developing baby are
like;
Severe anemia
Poor fetal growth
Preterm birth
Low birth weight
Stillbirth
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How to find out you are having sickle cell disease
or sickle cell traits?
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The tests that are very essential to diagnose SCD
and SCTÂ are very safe and helpful during pregnancy.
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Swab test
A swab is inserted into the motherâs mouth. And
gently rub against the inside of the cheek. It helps to
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6. collect some cells. This technique is very useful to
nd out SCD.
Family history collection
.Preimplantation diagnosis
It is a screening test of fetal cells in the maternal
blood.
Black and Hispanic
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In the United States, black people mostly suffer from
sickle cell anemia. 1 in 500 live births and Hispanics
1 in 36,000 live births are having this. Also, the
people having their ancestors from Saudi, Africa,
India, the Caribbean or Central America carry SCD.
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Treatment of Sickle cell disease during pregnancy
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Early diagnosis and regular checkups are very
important for the pregnant mother having this
disease.
If the sickle cell trait is present in the babyâs
father then amniocentesis is needed to check if
the baby has the trait or not.
If the mother has sickle cell trait then the doctor
advises the father to do the prenatal screening.
In sickle cell disease, some people need a blood
transfusion to replace their abnormal cells with
normal cells. but, in the case of pregnant women,
it may affect the baby.
During pregnancy, the physician does not
advise taking hydroxyurea. a lower dose may be
recommended.
During labor, the doctor gives intravenous uid
therapy and oxygen therapy and also regularly
checks the fetal signs. ď
7. 2 thoughts on âHow to deal with sickle cell
disease during pregnancyâ
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Management of SCD
Aspirin 100 mg/day
Folic acid 5mg/day
Vitamin supplementation
Routine urine culture
Parenteral uid therapy
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