sleep

1. SLEEP AND REST

2. Definitions
 Rest: is a condition in which the body is in a
decreased state of activity without emotional
stress and freedom from anxiety.
 Sleep: is a state of rest accompanied of
altered level of consciousness and relative
inactivity, and perception to environment are
decreased.

3. Adequate rest and sleep are
important in:
 Promoting general health.
 Ensuring recovery from illness.
 Aid healing process.
 Increase ability to learn and concentration
and recalling know lodge.
 Help person to be socially adaptable.

4. Sleep and rest disturbance will be imply:
 Irritable, anxiety and stress.
 Fatigue.
 Reduce work optimally
 Seek assistance from physician.
 Poor concentration.
 Difficulty making decisions.

5. Normal sleep patterns and
requirements:
 Newborn: 16-18 hours /day
 Infants: some 22 hours, and others from 12-14
 Toddlers: 10-12 hours
 Preschool: 11-12 hours
 School-Age: 8- 12 hours
 Adolescents: 8-10 hours
 Adult: 6-8 hours
 Elders: 6 hours

6. Factors Affecting Sleep
 Developmental considerations
 Psychological stress
 Motivation
 Culture
 Lifestyle and habits
 Physical activity and exercise
 Dietary habits
 Environmental factors
 Illness
 Medications

7. Classification of Sleep Disorders
 Dyssomnias — characterized by insomnia
or excessive sleepiness
 Parasomnias — patterns of waking behavior
that appear during sleep
 Sleep disorders associated with medical or
psychiatric disorders
 Other proposed disorders

8. Dyssomnias
 Insomnia: difficulty falling asleep
 Hypersomnia: excessive sleep
 Narcolepsy: uncontrollable desire to sleep
 Sleep apnea: absence of breathing between
snoring intervals
 Restless leg syndrome
 Sleep deprivation

9. Parasomnias
 Somnambulism: sleep walking
 Sleep talking
 Nocturnal erections
 Bruxism: grinding of teeth during sleeping
 Enuresis
 Sleep-related eating disorder

10. Treatment for dyssomnias
 Pharmologic therapy
– Sedatives and hypnotics
 Nonpharmacologic therapy
– Stimulus control
– Sleep restriction
– Sleep hygiene
– Cognitive therapy
– Multicomponent therapy
– Relaxation therapy

11. Nursing Interventions to Promote Sleep
 Prepare a restful environment
 Promote bedtime rituals
 Offer appropriate bedtime snacks and beverages
 Promote relaxation and comfort
 Use night light
 Provide privacy
 Schedule nursing care to avoid disturbances
 Use medications to produce sleep
 Encourage patient to void before sleep
 Remove any irritants against patients skin such as
moist or wrinkled sheets