1. Debbie Lewis
Director – Resilience Planning
Axiom (Alderney) LTD

2.  ‘When not if’
 Previous incidents relatively benign
 Harbingers of future impact events
 Little, or no, warning time available
 Insufficient time for consequence management
 Insufficient time to exercise response
arrangements
 Insufficient time to prepare population,
politicians and the press……!

3.  International response for both mitigation
methods and civil protection
 International command, control, co-ordination
and communication arrangements
 Determine decision-making capacities
 Informing the policy for response
 Minimising the costly insurance claims for
natural disasters
 Protecting lives and livelihoods

4. 30 June 1908
2000 km2 of Taiga were destroyed in Siberia

5. Crater with
14-m diameter
formed by
impact from
space in 2007.

6.  5m in diameter
 Identified 19 hours
prior to impact
 Trajectory tracked by
MPC/JPL
 Predicted location of
impact site
 Remote area of the
Nubian Desert

7.  Asteroid between 5
and 10 metres in
diameter
 Island of Sulewesi,
Indonesia
 8 October 2009

8.  15 Feb 2013
 Diameter of object: 19m
 Total energy: equiv. to
480kt TNT
 7300 buildings damaged
 > 1500 people injured
 > 100 kg of meteorites
found
Asteroid could not be seen approaching, (too close to direct sun)
and was too faint for prior detection during the last 10 years.

9. Uncertainty exists as to the extent of the scale of a NEO
impact for six reasons:
1. The NEO population is not sufficiently understood
2. Inability to determine impact levels for objects
between 50m and 140m in diameter
3. Unknown composition of NEOs
4. Variable collision effects
5. Effects may exceed local and regional areas and
have global effects
6. The size and type of NEO which would cause these
effects

11. EARTHQUAKE, CHILE
WINTER STORMS, FRANCE, GERMANY AND SPAIN
EARTHQUAKE, NEW ZEALAND
STORMS (MAY), UNITED STATES
STORMS (APRIL), UNITED STATES
STORMS & FLOODS, AUSTRALIA
STORMS & MUDSLIDES, AUSTRALIA
OIL SPILL, GULF OF MEXICO
$8,000,000,000
$2,900,000,000
$2,700,000,000
$2,000,000,000
$1,600,000,000
$1,020,000,000
$1,010,000,000
$1,000,000,000
Most Costly Insurance Claims - 2010
(SwissRe as cited in Griffiths, 2010:57)