The Closed-Open Continuum

The Closed-Open Continuum
Writing is a skill that is learned, taught and most importantly dreaded by most students. This includes students of all ages but however if you have
trouble with writing or coming up with a thesis statement you can always use the closed–open continuum. The closed–open continuum is a structure
demonstrating different levels of determining how to propose your thesis and structure your writing. The closed side of the continuum is top down–
thesis based prose, this means that you introduce your thesis at the beginning of the introduction. Top down–thesis based consists of your typical five
paragraph essay. This also means that you will be introducing your thesis in the introduction paragraph. On the other side of the continuum is theme
based narrative
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Advantages Of Formal Business Structure
Question 1
Define organizational structure and discuss some of the problems/challenges of keeping and running businesses structure less. Support your arguments
with hypothetical examples
Large or small, every organization should operate with a defined organizational structure . A structure of an organization is the base that illustrates how
a business runs, and how the powers, resources, activities and tasks are distributed. It helps in putting every person working within that organization in
their suitable role or position. Astructure gives a business and identity and provides continuity. Organizations can be structured in many different ways,
depending on their objectives, products and the services that they provide. This helps the work...show more content...
п‚§Formal organizational structure lays more affirmation on work.
п‚§Organizes and focuses on achieving the goals and objectives of the organization.
п‚§Provides a framework for the allocation of responsibilities and authority. It is structure that makes it clear for employees to know who reports to
whom and who does what work. In other words, a formal structure helps people to work together.
п‚§Formal business structure can align all activities and objectives of the different departments and project teams. The key to effective coordination is
information. For example: how do service delivery teams share information about their customers and the areas of work they are planning to develop.
п‚§Establishes an identity for the business. For example: suppliers and customers need to be able to identify whom to contact within the business.
п‚§Makes the process of decision making easier and more efficient.
п‚§Without a structure there're possibilities for people to constantly change and set up new systems and plans in response to new situation. A structure
can provide continuity.
(326

My Academic Writing : My Strengths Of Writing
My history as a writer has been focused on papers that have been assigned by teachers or professors. I do remember working on a story about 15
years ago but that never had a conclusion and I doubt I could find it now. I will focus on my academic writing. That writing has included numerous
short papers in response to a question. That type of writing I consider to be a strength because I have done it so much. My weaknesses in writing is
having to find a lot of evidence to support my position. I think a person makes improvement every time they write. It is like any skill, the more
repetition you can do the better it will become. My strength in writing is being organized in my approach. I have learned to keep it simple. I start
with an intro, then the supporting paragraphs, and finish up with a conclusion. That seems to be the easiest format to follow for readers. Tell them
what you are going to say, then say it, and then conclude by restating the introduction. I am also strong with conventions. I was well trained by a
high school English teacher. I like being able to write shorter papers that have a clear structure. Another strength is being able to edit my own work. I
can usually tell when I have made errors. I can usually clean up the sentences and make the writing easier to understand. A weakness that I have is
that I do not use clear evidence to support my conclusions. I simply do not take the time to find the evidence I need in my longer papers. I

Personal Narrative: My Writing Journey
My writing journey has been pretty remarkable over the years. A lot of trial and error was utilized in discovering the writing style and techniques
that would give me the most sense of accomplishment. I've been learning through the unit learning activities so far as College Composition II will be
a bit more challenging due to the expectation of being able to write an effective academic piece from a formal perspective. There is always room for
improvement which is why this semester I want to work on three aspects of my writing: sentence structure, grammar, and learning how to effectively
grab my audience's attention. Sentence structure and grammar have been difficult aspects for me to grasp in my writing due to the lack of frequency in
writing academic papers....show more content...
Learning how to effectively grab my audience's attention is a big task for me to tackle this semester. As previously learned in week one's archived
workshop "The Hallmarks of Effective Writing," the basic components of what effective writing strives to convey are "awareness of purpose,
audience, and form" (Hood, 2012, slide 5). For example, if I am writing a paper for a topic that would be intended for children, I cannot use
sophisticated vocabulary that the audience may not understand. If the audience is unable to decipher the vocabulary words in the essay, they are more
likely to lose interest in reading the paper. Sentence structure, grammar, and learning how to effectively reach my audience have affected my ability to
communicate effectively in the past due to the difficulty involved in maintain proper writing etiquette and keeping the reader's

Mg/561 Organizational Structure
Date: January 18, 2013
To: MG 561 Class
From: Jessica Rushing
Subject: "Organizational Structure"
Introduction:
Organizational structure provides the framework of an organization determining how roles and responsibilities are delegated throughout the different
levels of the organization. It has been defined by some as the looking glass through which coworkers see their organization and its surrounding
environment while others have described structure as the backbone of the organization. In this memo, I will briefly discuss the importance of
organizational structure, give examples of some major organizational structures, and provide factors influencing the choice of organizational structure.
Importance of Organizational...show more content...
For organizations which produce standardized goods and services, a functional service is beneficial. Within this structure, employees perform very
specialized tasks (Naoum, 2001). For example, an engineering department would be staffed with only software engineers. Divisional structures, also
known as product structures, groups each function into a division. Automobile industries typically use this divisional structure. Within this industry,
divisions may include: SUVs, subcompact cars, and sedans. Although not discussed in detail in this memo, other organizational structures include:
organizational circle, team, network, lattice, and virtual ("Organizational Structure", 2013).
Factors influencing the choice of Organizational Structure
The following factors can affect the type of structure which an organization may use: strategy, characteristics, management, operation, and environment.
Strategy is the most important factor influencing type of structure. According to Phillips and Gulley in their book Organizational Behavior: Tools for

Success, higher performance will be achieved if structure and strategy are directly related). Organizational characteristics include the age and size of the
organization. If the organization is small, there is less need for formal structure as communication

Writing Process
There are many components involved in the writing process that are important to incorporate in your essay to make it a strong well constructed piece.
Knowledge about the writing process is needed in order to succeed. Without the proper the knowledge there will be no direction throughout the paper.
There are many different ways to write, but it is necessary to include in depth research, a strong thesis that pulls your audience into the paper, and
organizational skills to create a backbone for a strong complete essay. Research is the bulk of your essay. Throughout your essay it will be key to
making sure that your facts are not only reliable but also interesting and attract the reader. Compelling information is important to keep the reader
attracted...show more content...
You will spend less time searching for information and fixing any clutter. Efficiency is the main point of organization in a essay. Planning out your
essay leaves you with time that you can use on more productive things in your essay like proofreading. Creating an outline will help organize your
whole paper and keep track of what goes where making it a lot easier so then you only have to fill your paper with the information that you have
researched. Outlines are great for people who have trouble putting their words onto paper and can make the whole process go much smoother.
Organizing is not very difficult and in conclusion will help make your essay easier and faster to write. The goal of strong writing is that you use these
methods to set yourself up to succeed in your paper. These steps have been studied for years by professionals and if implemented correctly can be
very beneficial for one's paper. There are many different ways to go about the writing process but it is important to find what will work for you.
Without a proper foundation your paper is set up to fail. You might think these steps will take more time, but really in the end will only save you tons
that can be used on other parts of your essay to make it the best piece

Paraphrase Of Hi Crystal
Hi Crystal , I have the same problem with paraphrase. I will try to summarize a source material to explain a point of view. I unaccidently ended up
paraphrase a paragragh out of the text book. Which cause me mess up my references and in text citations. That's why I try to use proper essay
structure, free writing and writing down points to make sure is my APA style correct (Chamber,n.d; Ridley,n.d)

Plagiarism: A Textual Analysis
The plagiarism tutorial taught me three things. The first thing that it taught me was APA format requires the citing of paraphrased material to be
different than the citing of directly quoted material (Jackson, 2017). This is helpful to me because in my last class I was citing my paraphrased
material like it was directly quoted. The second and third thing it taught me was there is a better way to use paraphrasing as a tool to avoid
plagiarism and that there are six different types of plagiarism (Jackson, 2017). In today's e–publishing environment it is becoming easier to discover
plagiarism (Ocholla & Ocholla, 2016). Two resources that I have found to be helpful in checking my work for plagiarism are paperrater.com and
smallseotools.com.

Critiquing My Writing Skills
So, I finally decided to attend the college. I was doubtful of my abilities to take on and pass college–level English or any other class. At the time, I
wasn't familiar with academic writing or reading and that was confirmed by placement test I took, and thus I was assigned to ARC 99 class, for a good
reason. Critical thinking, writing and reading. Development of analytical skills. Multiple writing assignments will be required.
I must admit, at the beginning, English course description was overwhelming and made me question my own capabilities. English is my second
language and on top of that, I always had difficulty writing pretty much everything; essays, summaries. Last four months has been very busy. Under
the knowledgeable and helpful eye of my professor, I have read and analyzed multiple articles on various...show more content...
And to think I could not write an academic essay or a summary before I attended this class. I have gained essential writing skills this semester. I'm
familiar with writing process, my current writing assignments possess a proper academic structure and are correctly organized. I feel confident
producing thesis statement, supporting points and developing paragraphs. What I need to improve is the vocabulary – again, like I mentioned before
I'll keep strengthening and broadening it by reading and writing after this course.
This been a truly rewarding journey. Discovering my own abilities hidden within and sharpening my skills under the guidance of our professor. I feel
like I was given a road map of an unfamiliar territory. Today I'm confident and motivated to continue this academic journey. I'm actually excited to take
on next courses – totally opposite of how I felt before attending this class. This experience enhanced my abilities and creativity to overcome challenges
that stand in my way to a successful academic

Analyzing The Introductory Paragraph
Three areas that the author could improve on are: thesis, format of the body, and format of the conclusion.
This author has a very unclear thesis. In the introductory paragraph, the author's arguments are outlined, but he does not write a concise thesis to
generalize his foremost thought. Usually the thesis is written as the last sentence of the introductory paragraph. However, this author ends the
introduction with, "The reasons and examples listed below will strengthen my point of view." Instead of concluding with a frivolous statement, the
author could have briefly listed his reasons. Unfortunately, he overlooks the thesis. Consequently, readers are forced to read between the lines, and this
can cause some misinterpretations such that the readers' understanding does not match the author's intended message. Needless to say, a thesis provides
a solid background on the topic and is the basis of the essay....show more content...
First, without a clear thesis, the content of the body paragraphs are without disposition. This is the case because body paragraphs of an essay are
supposed to support details expressed in the thesis. On that note, the author is unable to organize the body paragraphs according to the reader's best
interest. The body should always begin and end with a strong argument because readers tend to remember the first and last things they read. Without
proper essay structure, readers are more likely to forget the best arguments of the paper. For instance, the author should not have ended the last body
paragraph with, "Nowadays, he considers himself a successful person because he had turned into reality his two biggest dreams of producing
consumer goods of high quality and making charitable donations to needy people." By doing so, he concludes that paragraph with his proof and does
not reflect on his final argument which can cause readers to

Informative Essay Hook
Pinkston, Anna Dr. Jeff Newberry ENGL 1101H August 26, 2017 As my ninth
–grade English teacher, Mrs. Newton would say, without a good hook to
start your essay, no one will ever read it. As I was taught, a hook is a crucial part in your essay because it will help grab the audience's attention so
that they will continue to be invested throughout the paper. For example, the hook could be a question or a quote about the overall topic of your
essay. In my junior year, we had to do a controversial essay and I used a quote from a famous tattoo artist as my hook because I did my essay over
tattoos and piercings. After the hook, the introduction begins to take form and show the audience what your essay is about. The introduction is the
first thing in your essay that will tell the audience what the essay is about. The introduction paragraph should be as interesting as the initial hook and
keep the audience invested in the paper. It will establish the basis of the essay and should contain the thesis statement. The thesis statement is the point
in your essay where you will state the topics that the essay will contain. In high school, we were taught that the thesis should contain the three points
that you will elaborate upon in your three body paragraphs: the weakest point, the middle point, and the strongest point. The first body paragraph
should be the weakest or simplest way to get the overall point of the essay across to the readers. This will be the foundation of all three points,

Max Weber's Organizational Structure
The goal of any organization and the administrators of these organizations is to be efficient, effective and economical. In order to achieve these goals
an organization must be successful at many things. However, the three most significant commonalities within a successful organization is an
organizational structure that is optimal for their individual agency, the effectiveness of the leaders of the organization, and most importantly, the
employees and what motivates them to achieve success in their role within the agency. The ultimate aim of any organization is to achieve the
organizational goals and objectives.
One of the first things you can find when researching a company or an organization is their organizational chart. The structure of an organization is
what provides guidance to all staff by laying out the reporting hierarchy and the flow of work within the organization. To achieve optimum
organizational performance, proper organizational structure is needed. The historical starting place of organizational structure theory came from Max
Weber. According to Tompkins (2016) Max Weber's bureaucratic theory states that the operation of large organizations would be impossible without
bureaucracy. According to Weber bureaucratic co–ordination of activities and administrative rationality is the primary distinction of a modern
organization. Tompkins (2016) also brought forward that Weber's focus on compartmentalizing functions, on limiting the power of offices, clarifying

My experience throughout English 101 Essay
My Experience throughout English 101
As writers, many students write to the expectations of their professors and not to their fullest potential. Throughout English 101 I had been writing
only to please my professor or to fill the basic requirement to pass English. I always felt that my writing ability was never enough for my professors
throughout the previous years. They always wanted clear and concise essays, which for some reason was unreachable by me. However, starting college
and taking English 101 helped me with my weaknesses and changed my technique of writing essays. My experience in English 101 taught me to write
to my fullest potential and to write what I felt; rather then writing what was required.
In the...show more content...
Also, by revising my essays I felt that I had the chance of writing with a broader sense.
Another weakness that I had coming into English 101 was my way of reading. I remember having to read an essay or book 3 or 4 times before I
could ever sit down and write about it. I was looking and at the words all wrong. However, my professor introduced a technique of reading critically.
"A critical analysis, on the other hand, takes a viewpoint and attempts to its validity;" (Trimble, 95) In Trimble's quote he is trying say that a critical
analysis helps a reader understand what the author is really trying to point out. This was the same approach that was taught to me by my professor.
This type of analysis helped me understand better what the author was trying to convey and it also helped me explain it better in my essays.
Additionally, another weakness that I had when coming into English 101 was that I was a selfish writer. Like Trimble said, "His natural tendency as a
writer is to think primarily of himself– hence to write primarily for himself." (Trimble, 4) I was a writer who only cared about impressing one type of
audience my professor and not writing to prove a point or expand my knowledge to several other audiences. However, after writing several
unsatisfying essays I had come to realize that my style of writing was too narrow and boring. In this realization of writing I discovered that what
matters the most is pleasing your audience (many not one), and

Outline For Body Paragraph Essay
Body paragraphs– 400 words approximately 2 body paragraphs TOPIC SENTENCE– address your main point. what am i going to be talking about?
needs to be clear and incorporate references. Address the one main point within the paragraph. no more than one main point. Each paragraph is built
around one main idea. One of your body paragraphs will be a reason why you think the way you do.

Essay on Business Structure
Sole Proprietorship A business with one owner who is responsible for all features of the business. Everything that happens in the company from the
daily operation to the legal obligations are controlled by one individual. Sole Proprietorship Advantages: Convenience – Usually the least costly to
begin. Sole proprietorships are easy to start up. They entail acquiring the proper licenses and permits. Regulations very from industry, state, and county.
There is no administrative configuration. Control– Owners are permitted to organize the company in the way they prefer. All choices about how the
business will operate are made by the owner. The owner has the choice of hiring someone to run the company or doing it themselves....show more
content...
In some states the partnership can continue if it is provided for in the partnership agreement. An example would be the other partners buying out the
share of the partner leaving. The reason for this is to protect creditors, and maintain liability for the debts of the establishment Control – Issues with
partners may arise as the resulting from misunderstandings or different goals, putting an end to the partnership. Burden– Formation and subsequent
changes in structure are complex. Limited to a small number of owners. Each partner is legally responsible for the actions of each partner. Unless you
can prove in a court of law that you did not participate, knowingly or unknowingly, in illegal activities you could be forced to pay fines, penalties or
even serve jail time. Limited partnership Like a partnership a limited partnership has two or more owners. Unlike a general partnership a partnership
agreement is required. The partnership agreement stipulates which partner has what responsibility and which ones have what authority. Advantages
Liability – Limited partnerships have both general and limited partners. A limited partner has little accountability for the debts incurred by the
partnership. At most the limited partner can only lose the amount they have invested, and cannot run the business Income taxes – Partnerships do not
having to pay both a personal and a business tax. The

How To Write An Essay
Writing an essay may seem like a huge obstacle to overcome, but with a plan of attack and a little organization, it can be easily completed. All it
takes is seven easy steps.      The first step in your writing process is to just sit and think. If your essay is on an
assigned topic, sit and think about what approach you will have to the subject, if it's possible to take a position on it. If you are allowed to decide on
the topic, you can take it in any direction and decide on a purpose. This purpose can be to tell someone how to do something, present information you
have collected on your favorite subject, or even entertain the audience who will be reading it. Once who have brainstormed some ideas, examine each
...show more content...
To start each paragraph, it is best to write the main idea of the paragraph, and then follow it up with supporting ideas to make your point clearer.
     You will want to write the introduction after you write the body of your paper. This is because you may come
up with more major ideas while you are writing, which may need mentioned in the introduction. The introduction should be at least four or five
sentences, but not too long since it is just to establish your position of your subject. The first one or two sentences should be given extra thought,
because they are the attention grabber and can many times determine whether or not the reader decides to keep reading or put it down. They need to
state your position and give way to what the paper will be about, and also make the reader curious and want to see what you have to say. The rest of
the introductory paragraph should be a basic summary of all of your key points and ideas.      Next comes your
conclusion, which brings closure to your paper, reiterating your main ideas and views, giving your final closing statement. This final paragraph should
leave the reader with more understanding of the subject and/or your opinions of it. All loose ends should be tied up, and most conclusions will restate
your main idea from the introduction.      Now

Reviewing APA Reflection
I have learned so much in this class. When we started with English in Unit one and going over misspelled and misused words I felt like I was in
school all over again but it was an eye opener. It was very helpful that I got the chance to refresh on Capitalization, verbs, nouns and how to write a
proper essay. Reviewing APAwriting and in text citations and the proper way to use them in an essay was helpful to me. Sometimes I was a little
nervous reading the feedback but it was for my good. I appreciate all the resources and assignments given in this class so that I can learn and be a better
writer.
In Unit one I had so many mistakes. I am so glad that I am doing better. In my first discussion I had a lot of misspelled words, run on sentences

How To Write an Essay
The most common essay pattern is five–paragraph essay, beginning with introduction that initiate the single main idea, three paragraphs that each
contains one supporting reason for the main idea and the conclusion. However, some people still wonder that why they cannot make successful and
fascinating essays. Five–paragraph essay does not guarantee full score in SAT and TOEFLwriting test. Interesting essay never came from putting
words into template such as the five–paragraph pattern. Writing an essay needs more profound attempts and arts of writer. This essay will be divided
into 4 parts including the meaning of the essay, the structure of the essay, the SOAPS analysis, the purpose of the writers and tips for writing an essay.
Essay,...show more content...
Between body paragraphs, the writer needs to add transition to support a continuity of an essay.
The conclusion, the last part of an essay, can be considered as a water cone that was used to summarize an excessive amount of ideas given in the body
paragraphs and introduction by recap the thesis and bring the essay to another level. The conclusion should end with the original thought of the writer
that left reader to think about the content of an essay.
Writing an essay, writers need to focus on the main ideas, brainstorm thoughts, look for resources and distill the content. Furthermore, essay writer has
to revise and redact their papers including strengthen significant examples and ideas. There was a method that helps a writer easily begin writing an
essay called the SOAPS analysis.
The SOAPS analysis is the way that writer analyzing his essay including subject, occasion, audience, purpose and speaker. So many writers avoid
this process because they do not know the importance of this approach. For instances, my subject is the way to write an essay. I wanted coming
Thai Scholars to read so they are my audiences. As a speaker, I should use the tone between informal and formal to prevent new writers who are
reading my essay bored and my purpose is to share my knowledge throughout my experiences. Moreover, we should learn main purposes of essay
writers so we can make a pre–understanding of every essay. There are four major purpose of writing an essay including

Strong Thesis Statement Analysis
The four–step in essay writing: beginning with a strong thesis statement; gathering supporting evidence; organizing the evidence into complete
thoughts, and writing error free sentences provides a small window of opportunity to capture my reader's attention (Bethel University 2014). When I
choose to read a book, I will read the synopsis or first few lines. If the writer does not catch my attention, I will often opt for another choice because the
writer failed to capture the essence of their literary work. The thesis statement or first opening sentence of a paragraph serves the same importance of
capturing the reader's attention. This is similar to putting a blinking yellow light at an intersection. It gets the driver's attention.
To make

The Closed-Open Continuum

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The Closed-Open Continuum