SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 22
Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
Contents
Definition of Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
History of Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
Properties of Oncolytic Viruses
Mechanism of Action of Oncolytic Viruses
Clinical Trials of Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
Approved Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
Oncolytic Virus Combination Therapy
Oncolytic virus immunotherapy is a therapeutic approach to cancer
treatment that utilizes native or genetically modified viruses that
selectively replicate within tumor cells.
Definition of Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
History of Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
Properties of Oncolytic Viruses
ss/ds DNA or RNA genome
ability to infect host cells and replicate
directly infect and lyse tumor cells in situ
do not require tumor-associated antigens in the vector
Oncolytic DNA viruses
Oncolytic RNA viruses
Mechanism of Action of Oncolytic Viruses
entry into cancer cells
exploit cancer immune evasion pathway
directly lytic effect on tumor cells
induce systemic anti-tumor immunity
target oncogenic pathways
Oncolytic viruses entry into cancer cells
Oncolytic viruses exploit cancer immune evasion pathways
Oncolytic viruses induce local and systemic anti-tumor immunity
Oncolytic viruses can target oncogenic pathways
Clinical Trials of Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
Key oncolytic viruses in clinical trials
Approved Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy
Virus Trade name Developer Indication Approval
Ad5 H101
安柯瑞Oncorine®
ECHO-7 2014 2015 2016
2005
HSV-1 2015 2015
Nasopharyngeal
carcinoma
Melanoma
Metastatic
melanoma
Oncolytic Virus Combination Therapy
Combination with Adoptive T Cell Therapy
Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Combination with Cytokines
Combination with Cancer Vaccines
Combination with Chemoradiotherapy
Combination with adoptive T cell therapy
Combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Combination with cytokines
Immunostimulatory transgenes encoded by oncolytic viruses
Combination with cytokines
Combination with cancer vaccines
Thank
s!

More Related Content

What's hot

oncolytic virus immunotherapy
oncolytic virus immunotherapyoncolytic virus immunotherapy
oncolytic virus immunotherapyCandySwift_NY
 
Seminar-Oncolytic viruses
Seminar-Oncolytic virusesSeminar-Oncolytic viruses
Seminar-Oncolytic virusesAshwini Chaple
 
ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________
ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________
ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________ADEOYE OPEYEMI ADURAGBEMI
 
Presentacio¦ün nicole 2
Presentacio¦ün nicole 2Presentacio¦ün nicole 2
Presentacio¦ün nicole 2Nicole Rivera
 
Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...
Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...
Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...OECD Environment
 
human oncogenic viruses
human oncogenic viruseshuman oncogenic viruses
human oncogenic virusesSHUBHANGI2509
 
How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...
How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...
How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...OECD Environment
 
Microbial sequencing
Microbial sequencingMicrobial sequencing
Microbial sequencingDynah Perry
 
Molecular tumor testing overview
Molecular tumor testing overviewMolecular tumor testing overview
Molecular tumor testing overviewAndrew Begg
 
PBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyer
PBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyerPBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyer
PBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyerVinita Gupta
 
US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...
US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...
US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...OECD Environment
 
Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...
Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...
Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...OECD Environment
 

What's hot (15)

oncolytic virus immunotherapy
oncolytic virus immunotherapyoncolytic virus immunotherapy
oncolytic virus immunotherapy
 
Seminar-Oncolytic viruses
Seminar-Oncolytic virusesSeminar-Oncolytic viruses
Seminar-Oncolytic viruses
 
ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________
ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________
ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AS AN ANTICANCER AGENT........ _________
 
Presentacio¦ün nicole 2
Presentacio¦ün nicole 2Presentacio¦ün nicole 2
Presentacio¦ün nicole 2
 
Carcinogens
CarcinogensCarcinogens
Carcinogens
 
Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...
Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...
Potential value of bioinformatic analysis in regulatory process - OECD Bioinf...
 
human oncogenic viruses
human oncogenic viruseshuman oncogenic viruses
human oncogenic viruses
 
How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...
How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...
How can Whole Genome Sequencing information be used to address data requireme...
 
Microbial sequencing
Microbial sequencingMicrobial sequencing
Microbial sequencing
 
Molecular tumor testing overview
Molecular tumor testing overviewMolecular tumor testing overview
Molecular tumor testing overview
 
PBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyer
PBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyerPBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyer
PBSS sf 10-28-2016 flyer
 
Clinical Microbiology & Microbial Genomics
Clinical Microbiology & Microbial GenomicsClinical Microbiology & Microbial Genomics
Clinical Microbiology & Microbial Genomics
 
KIYATEC-Advanced-CoCulture-LRes
KIYATEC-Advanced-CoCulture-LResKIYATEC-Advanced-CoCulture-LRes
KIYATEC-Advanced-CoCulture-LRes
 
US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...
US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...
US Perspective on use of bioinformatics in microbial pesticide regulation - O...
 
Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...
Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...
Overview of the commonly used sequencing platforms, bioinformatic search tool...
 

Similar to Oncolytic virus immunotherapy

Oncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative Biolabs
Oncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative BiolabsOncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative Biolabs
Oncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative BiolabsCreative-Biolabs
 
Oncolytic virus basis
Oncolytic virus basisOncolytic virus basis
Oncolytic virus basisCandySwift_NY
 
Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01
Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01
Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01Priyanka Gupta
 
Introduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdf
Introduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdfIntroduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdf
Introduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdfCandy Swift
 
The Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdf
The Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdfThe Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdf
The Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdfCandy Swift
 
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdf
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdfOncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdf
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdfCandy Swift
 
Introduction to Oncolytic Viruses
Introduction to Oncolytic VirusesIntroduction to Oncolytic Viruses
Introduction to Oncolytic VirusesCandy Swift
 
Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022
Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022
Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022Rajesh Sarma
 
oncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptx
oncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptxoncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptx
oncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptxrahulacharya52
 
Viruses and Cancer: Introduction to Oncoviruses
Viruses and Cancer: Introduction to OncovirusesViruses and Cancer: Introduction to Oncoviruses
Viruses and Cancer: Introduction to OncovirusesAparna Dubey
 
Virotherapy,as a key for cancer treatment
Virotherapy,as a key for cancer treatmentVirotherapy,as a key for cancer treatment
Virotherapy,as a key for cancer treatmentShirisha Ratcha
 
Group of Dna viruses and viral vectors
Group of Dna viruses and viral vectorsGroup of Dna viruses and viral vectors
Group of Dna viruses and viral vectorsnida rehman
 
Antibody cancer therapy
Antibody cancer therapyAntibody cancer therapy
Antibody cancer therapysumiyah zari
 
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative BiolabsAdvances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative BiolabsCreative-Biolabs
 
Cancer Gene therapy
Cancer Gene therapyCancer Gene therapy
Cancer Gene therapyAhmad Hady
 
Carcinogenesis
CarcinogenesisCarcinogenesis
CarcinogenesisNarmathaN2
 

Similar to Oncolytic virus immunotherapy (20)

Oncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative Biolabs
Oncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative BiolabsOncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative Biolabs
Oncolytic Virus Therapy Development - Creative Biolabs
 
Oncolytic virus basis
Oncolytic virus basisOncolytic virus basis
Oncolytic virus basis
 
Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01
Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01
Oncolyticvirustherapy 100128015237-phpapp01
 
Oncolytic virotheraphy
Oncolytic virotheraphyOncolytic virotheraphy
Oncolytic virotheraphy
 
oncolytic virus.pdf
oncolytic virus.pdfoncolytic virus.pdf
oncolytic virus.pdf
 
Introduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdf
Introduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdfIntroduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdf
Introduction and Mechanism of Oncolytic Virus Therapy.pdf
 
The Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdf
The Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdfThe Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdf
The Development of Oncolytic Viruses.pdf
 
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdf
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdfOncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdf
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus.pdf
 
Introduction to Oncolytic Viruses
Introduction to Oncolytic VirusesIntroduction to Oncolytic Viruses
Introduction to Oncolytic Viruses
 
Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022
Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022
Global oncolytic virus therapy market & pipeline outlook 2022
 
Cancer Immunotherapy
Cancer ImmunotherapyCancer Immunotherapy
Cancer Immunotherapy
 
oncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptx
oncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptxoncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptx
oncogenic viruses by dr rahul acharya.pptx
 
Viruses and Cancer: Introduction to Oncoviruses
Viruses and Cancer: Introduction to OncovirusesViruses and Cancer: Introduction to Oncoviruses
Viruses and Cancer: Introduction to Oncoviruses
 
Virotherapy,as a key for cancer treatment
Virotherapy,as a key for cancer treatmentVirotherapy,as a key for cancer treatment
Virotherapy,as a key for cancer treatment
 
Group of Dna viruses and viral vectors
Group of Dna viruses and viral vectorsGroup of Dna viruses and viral vectors
Group of Dna viruses and viral vectors
 
Antibodies, vaccines, adjuvents
Antibodies, vaccines, adjuventsAntibodies, vaccines, adjuvents
Antibodies, vaccines, adjuvents
 
Antibody cancer therapy
Antibody cancer therapyAntibody cancer therapy
Antibody cancer therapy
 
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative BiolabsAdvances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
Advances in Oncolytic Virotherapy - Creative Biolabs
 
Cancer Gene therapy
Cancer Gene therapyCancer Gene therapy
Cancer Gene therapy
 
Carcinogenesis
CarcinogenesisCarcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis
 

More from CandySwift_NY

Exosomes Biogenesis&Therapeutics
Exosomes Biogenesis&TherapeuticsExosomes Biogenesis&Therapeutics
Exosomes Biogenesis&TherapeuticsCandySwift_NY
 
Genome Editing Introduction
Genome Editing IntroductionGenome Editing Introduction
Genome Editing IntroductionCandySwift_NY
 
Oncolytic Virus and Immunotherapy
Oncolytic Virus and ImmunotherapyOncolytic Virus and Immunotherapy
Oncolytic Virus and ImmunotherapyCandySwift_NY
 
Introduction of SARS-CoV-2
Introduction of SARS-CoV-2Introduction of SARS-CoV-2
Introduction of SARS-CoV-2CandySwift_NY
 
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative BiolabsSARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative BiolabsCandySwift_NY
 
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative BiolabsSARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative BiolabsCandySwift_NY
 
Complement Therapeutics_Creative Biolabs
Complement Therapeutics_Creative BiolabsComplement Therapeutics_Creative Biolabs
Complement Therapeutics_Creative BiolabsCandySwift_NY
 
Anti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-services
Anti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-servicesAnti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-services
Anti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-servicesCandySwift_NY
 
Introduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative Biolabs
Introduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative BiolabsIntroduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative Biolabs
Introduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative BiolabsCandySwift_NY
 
Creative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeutics
Creative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeuticsCreative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeutics
Creative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeuticsCandySwift_NY
 
Exosome applications
Exosome applications Exosome applications
Exosome applications CandySwift_NY
 

More from CandySwift_NY (12)

SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines
SARS-CoV-2 VaccinesSARS-CoV-2 Vaccines
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines
 
Exosomes Biogenesis&Therapeutics
Exosomes Biogenesis&TherapeuticsExosomes Biogenesis&Therapeutics
Exosomes Biogenesis&Therapeutics
 
Genome Editing Introduction
Genome Editing IntroductionGenome Editing Introduction
Genome Editing Introduction
 
Oncolytic Virus and Immunotherapy
Oncolytic Virus and ImmunotherapyOncolytic Virus and Immunotherapy
Oncolytic Virus and Immunotherapy
 
Introduction of SARS-CoV-2
Introduction of SARS-CoV-2Introduction of SARS-CoV-2
Introduction of SARS-CoV-2
 
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative BiolabsSARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
 
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative BiolabsSARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
SARS-CoV-2 Introduction_Creative Biolabs
 
Complement Therapeutics_Creative Biolabs
Complement Therapeutics_Creative BiolabsComplement Therapeutics_Creative Biolabs
Complement Therapeutics_Creative Biolabs
 
Anti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-services
Anti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-servicesAnti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-services
Anti dengue-virus-antibody-products-and-services
 
Introduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative Biolabs
Introduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative BiolabsIntroduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative Biolabs
Introduction to SARS-CoV-2-Creative Biolabs
 
Creative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeutics
Creative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeuticsCreative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeutics
Creative biolabs.cart nk cell-based-therapeutics
 
Exosome applications
Exosome applications Exosome applications
Exosome applications
 

Recently uploaded

VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...narwatsonia7
 
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Miss joya
 
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune) Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune)  Girls ServiceCALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune)  Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune) Girls ServiceMiss joya
 
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowSonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowRiya Pathan
 
Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...Miss joya
 
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...Nehru place Escorts
 
Call Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️ 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Coimbatore
Call Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️  8250192130 Independent Escort Service CoimbatoreCall Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️  8250192130 Independent Escort Service Coimbatore
Call Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️ 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Coimbatorenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service NoidaCall Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service NoidaPooja Gupta
 
Call Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosCall Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photosnarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls Jaipur
Call Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls JaipurCall Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls Jaipur
Call Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls Jaipurparulsinha
 
Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...
Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...
Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...narwatsonia7
 
VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...
VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...
VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...Miss joya
 
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000aliya bhat
 
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.MiadAlsulami
 
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...Miss joya
 
Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...
Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...
Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...narwatsonia7
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalorenarwatsonia7
 

Recently uploaded (20)

VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
 
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
 
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune) Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune)  Girls ServiceCALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune)  Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Baramati ( Pune) Girls Service
 
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call NowSonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
Sonagachi Call Girls Services 9907093804 @24x7 High Class Babes Here Call Now
 
Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Tanvi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call g...
 
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
 
Call Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️ 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Coimbatore
Call Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️  8250192130 Independent Escort Service CoimbatoreCall Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️  8250192130 Independent Escort Service Coimbatore
Call Girl Coimbatore Prisha☎️ 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Coimbatore
 
Call Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service NoidaCall Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls Service Noida Maya 9711199012 Independent Escort Service Noida
 
Call Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Yelahanka Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosCall Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
 
Call Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls Jaipur
Call Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls JaipurCall Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls Jaipur
Call Girls Service Jaipur Grishma WhatsApp ❤8445551418 VIP Call Girls Jaipur
 
Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...
Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...
Low Rate Call Girls Ambattur Anika 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Amba...
 
VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...
VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...
VIP Call Girls Pune Vrinda 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls S...
 
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804  Short 1500  💋 Night 6000
Ahmedabad Call Girls CG Road 🔝9907093804 Short 1500 💋 Night 6000
 
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
 
sauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Service
sauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Servicesauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Service
sauth delhi call girls in Bhajanpura 🔝 9953056974 🔝 escort Service
 
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
 
Russian Call Girls in Delhi Tanvi ➡️ 9711199012 💋📞 Independent Escort Service...
Russian Call Girls in Delhi Tanvi ➡️ 9711199012 💋📞 Independent Escort Service...Russian Call Girls in Delhi Tanvi ➡️ 9711199012 💋📞 Independent Escort Service...
Russian Call Girls in Delhi Tanvi ➡️ 9711199012 💋📞 Independent Escort Service...
 
Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...
Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...
Russian Call Girls Chickpet - 7001305949 Booking and charges genuine rate for...
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
 

Oncolytic virus immunotherapy

Editor's Notes

  1. 溶瘤病毒免疫疗法是一种利用在肿瘤细胞内选择性复制的天然或转基因病毒进行癌症治疗的治疗方法。病毒杀死癌细胞的能力已经被认识了近一个世纪,但只有在过去的十多年里,临床试验才证明对癌症患者有治疗作用。
  2. 溶瘤病毒免疫疗法是一种利用在肿瘤细胞内选择性复制的天然或转基因病毒进行癌症治疗的治疗方法。病毒杀死癌细胞的能力已经被认识了近一个世纪,但只有在过去的十多年里,临床试验才证明对癌症患者有治疗作用。
  3. 流感病毒 白血病 1912狂犬病毒 宫颈癌 1956腺病毒 宫颈癌 1964新城疫病毒 白血病 1965细小病毒 肉瘤 1971麻疹病毒 白血病 1974流行性腮腺炎病毒 实体肿瘤 1997 头颈癌、胰腺癌 2003 黑色素瘤 2005鼻咽癌 2014黑色素瘤 2015 黑色素瘤
  4. 腺病毒 牛痘病毒 疱疹病毒 细小病毒
  5. 呼肠孤病毒 柯萨奇病毒 塞内卡山谷病毒 麻疹病毒 新城疫病毒 水疱性口膜炎病毒
  6. 溶瘤病毒利用多种机制进入宿主细胞,包括经常在癌细胞上过度表达的细胞表面受体。有些病毒能够通过一个以上的受体,而有些受体可以促进多种类型的病毒进入。一些病毒通过膜融合和合胞体形成的内吞作用进入细胞。已知某些溶瘤病毒优先作用于癌细胞,但尚未确定进入的细胞表面受体。
  7. 在病毒感染后,大多数正常细胞激活一种抗病毒途径,允许包含病毒感染。这种抗病毒机制可以通过激活Toll样受体(TLRs)的病毒病原体相关分子模式(PAMPs)或通过视黄酸诱导基因1(RIG-1)检测病毒核酸来触发。一旦检测到病毒,就会通过几种类型的干扰素(IFN)元件(Janus激酶(JAK)、信号转导和转录激活因子(STAT)和干扰素调节因子9(IRF9)产生信号级联,从而形成一个程序化的转录途径,限制病毒的传播,并可以针对感染细胞进行凋亡或坏死。由病毒感染引起的天然免疫反应诱导的局部IFN产生也可能通过IFN受体(IFNR)促进抗病毒活性。TLRs信号通过髓系分化原反应蛋白MYD88、TIR结构域介导的干扰素β、IRF 7、IRF3和核因子κB(NFκB)介导,诱导炎症细胞因子和I型干扰素的产生。I型干扰素通过JAK-STAT信号通路产生信号,导致细胞周期调节因子如蛋白激酶R(PKR)和IRF7的上调,这些调节因子通过与病毒颗粒结合和触发I型干扰素转录通路来限制病毒的传播,促进感染细胞的流产凋亡和细胞因子的产生,从而警告免疫系统病毒感染的存在。 然而,在癌细胞中,这个过程被打断了。癌细胞可能下调固有信号通路中的关键信号元件,包括RIG-1、IRF7和IRF3(参考文献1)。1)。这限制了TLR和RIG-1对病毒颗粒的检测,使癌细胞更容易受到病毒复制的影响。此外,癌细胞可能下调I型干扰素信号通路2-7的关键成分,从而限制I型干扰素的促凋亡和细胞周期调控作用。虽然数据有限,但该图描绘了已知促进正常细胞中病毒清除的因素和/或途径(a部分)或由于癌细胞中缺乏因子而支持病毒复制的因素和/或途径(b部分)附近的单个病毒。
  8. 溶瘤病毒的治疗效果取决于肿瘤细胞的直接裂解和抗肿瘤免疫反应的间接激活。一旦感染了溶瘤病毒,癌细胞就会启动一种由内质网(内质网)和基因毒性应激组成的抗病毒反应。这种反应导致活性氧(ROS)的上调和抗病毒细胞因子的产生。ROS和细胞因子,特别是I型干扰素(IFNs),从受感染的癌细胞中释放出来,并刺激免疫细胞(抗原呈递细胞、CD8+T细胞和自然杀伤(NK)细胞)。随后,溶瘤病毒引起溶瘤,释放病毒后代、病原体相关分子模式(PAMPs)、危险相关分子模式信号(DAMPS)和包括新抗原在内的肿瘤相关抗原(TAAS)。病毒后代的释放促进了溶瘤病毒的感染。PAMPs(由病毒颗粒组成)和DAMPS(由宿主细胞蛋白组成)通过激活受体如Toll样受体(TLRs)来刺激免疫系统。在由此产生的免疫刺激环境中,TAAS和NEO抗原被抗原提呈细胞释放和吸收。总的来说,这些事件导致对病毒感染的癌细胞产生免疫反应,以及对未受感染的癌细胞上显示的TAAS/NEO抗原产生新的免疫反应。
  9. 癌基因和其他异常的宿主细胞蛋白在肿瘤细胞中的表达可以促进病毒的复制和溶瘤活性。在健康细胞中,细胞周期进入和增殖的调节是由蛋白激酶R(PKR)、p16、视网膜母细胞瘤(RB)和抑癌基因p53等关键因子提供的。当细胞周期失调时,这些因素促进流产的凋亡。当细胞感染病毒时,PKR也可能有助于调节转录和诱导流产的凋亡。在癌细胞中,细胞周期调节和细胞增殖通常由于癌基因的活性和肿瘤抑制基因的丢失而中断。这些变化可以支持病毒复制和促进溶瘤病毒诱导的细胞死亡。例如,激活小GTPaseRAS的突变会促进细胞增殖,同时伴随着蛋白质产量的增加。如新城疫病毒(NDV)和水泡性口炎病毒(VSV)所报道的那样,这一过程可以被溶瘤病毒所取代,从而更有效地复制。此外,高活性RAS阻断PKR,这一过程可以促进溶瘤病毒(如呼肠孤病毒、单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1)、腺病毒、痘苗病毒和流感病毒)在RAS突变的癌细胞中的选择性复制。一些病毒,如腺病毒,呼肠孤病毒和细小病毒,优先针对p53突变或p53缺失的癌细胞,因为p53完整的健康细胞在感染后会发生流产的凋亡。同样,调节细胞周期进入的Rb和p16的异常表达可使癌细胞易受腺病毒、HSV-1、痘苗病毒和呼肠孤病毒等溶瘤病毒的感染。癌细胞也经常上调抗凋亡蛋白B细胞淋巴瘤-XL(bcl-XL)。这一过程为NDV等溶瘤病毒提供了选择性优势,因为它为病毒复制留出了更多的时间。