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a. 把一個物體分成幾個獨立的部分
b. 把物體變成可組合的
c. 增加物體的自由度
分割 Segmentation
我喜歡
硬床
我喜歡
軟床
IP 1
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 從一個物體上抽取(去除或分割)
有問題的部分
b. 僅僅抽取有用的部分
抽取 Taking out
機場用鳥聲驅鳥
IP 2
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 從同一類物體/外部環境/作用的結構
變換到不同類結構的物體/外部環境/
作用
b. 讓物體不同的部分承擔不同的功能
c. 把物體的每個部分都置於利於其發揮作
的最適合的條件下
局部品質 Local quality
Gatling gun
重炮手
IP 3
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a.用不對稱形代替對稱形
b.如果一個物體已經對稱了就增加其對稱自
由度
非對稱法 Asymmetry
IP 4對稱中,突然出
現一款不對稱設
計的顯示器
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 將相同或相關的物體、作業、或功能實
體連接或合併
b. 合併物體、作業、或功能,使其在時間
上一起作用
合併 Merging
IP 5
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 集多種功能於一身,以消除對其他系統
的需求(依賴以完成功能)
b. 使用標準功能
多功能 Universality
IP 6
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 物體內可放入另一物體
b. 將多數物體或系統放置在其他物體或系
統內
嵌套法 Nesting
IP 7
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 結合能提供上升力量的物體,平衡物體
的重量
b. 利用環境中產生的空氣動力、水動力、
浮力等,平衡物體的重量
反重量 Counterweight
潛艇的浮潛艇氣缸
IP 8
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 如果一個包含有害與有用的作用,事先
進行反作用的行動,以去除或降低有害
的效果。
b. 對有害的作用或事件,預先采取相反的
作用。
預先抵銷 Prior Counteraction
航天飛機使用的耐熱磚,
以保護飛船
IP 9
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 事先準備使物體可及時並在適當的地方
作用
b. 將有用的物體預置,以便使其在必要時
能立即在最方便的位置起作用
預先作用 Prior action
IP 10
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
採用事先預防的方式(備案),
以補救物體潛在的低可靠性
預放枕頭 Cushioning
IP 11
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
重新設計工作環境(使之不上升或
下降),以減少物體被舉起或降低
的次數
等位性 Equal potentiality
IP 12
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 把一個通常用來解決特定問題的方法反
向思考
b. 把一個可移動的物體固定,把一個固定
的物體讓它變成可移動
c. 將物體或過程倒轉
反向 Inversion
IP 13
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 利用曲線取代直線元件或表面、以球體
取代立方體。
b. 使用滾筒、球或螺旋
c. 把直線運動改成滾動,使用離心力
曲面化 Spheroidality
斜取式滾筒洗衣機
IP 14
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 使物體的特性或外在環境能在作業的各
階段達到最佳性能
b. 把一個物體分成幾個部分且有相對運動
的能力
c. 如果一個物體或過程是剛性或不可撓曲
的,把它變成可動或是可撓曲的
動態法 Dynamics
IP 15
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
如果不易做到100%的期望效果,則用一樣
的方法,考慮使用少一點或多一點的量
來解決可能會容易些
部分 / 超量的作動
Partial or excessive actions
IP 16
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 把一個物體移至二維或三維的空間
b. 以多層組合取代單層
c. 傾斜物體
變多維
Moving to a New Dimension
雲南大屋
之照壁 IP 17
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 使物體振動
b. 增加振動的頻率
c. 使用共振頻率
d. 使用壓電震動器取代機械震動
e. 結合超音波與電磁場的震盪
機械振動
Mechanical vibration
超聲波牙刷
Ultrasonic Toothbrush
IP 18
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 使用週期性運動取代連續性的運動。
b. 如果已經是用週期運動,則改變振幅或
頻率
c. 使用脈衝間的暫停時間來達成一個不同
的運動
週期運動 Periodic action
液壓高頻振動打樁機
IP 19
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 不間斷的完成一個動作,物體所有的零
件應該全力作業
b. 去除閒置或非生產性的活動或工作
c. 將往復運動以旋轉運動取代
有效作用持續法
Continuity of useful action
順序隨機存取
IP 20
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
在高速下完成有害或危險的動作
急速通過 Rushing Through
IP 21
寸
勁
拳
短距離的爆發重拳
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 使有害的因子轉成正面
b. 以另一個有害的因子來取代原有害因子
c. 增加有害因子的量直至它停止造成傷害
轉害成好
Convert Harm into Benefit
IP 22
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 引進回饋來改善一個動作或過程
b. 如果回饋已存在,則改變使能適應作業
條件的變化
回饋 Feedback
IP 23
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 利用一個中間物質去轉換或完成一個動
作
b. 使用暫時性中介物,當其功能完成後能
自動消失,或是很容易移除
中介物 Mediator
談判過程中使用中立的第三方(仲裁員)
IP 24
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 利用動態、自動調整, 使物體能自己
完成補充及修護作業
b. 使用廢棄(或損失)的資源
自助法 Self-service
自行車反光背心
IP 25
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 使用簡化或便宜的複製品取代
昂貴的,有弱點的物品或系統
b. 用光學的複製(影像)取代一個
物體或程序
c. 如果已使用可見光的複製品,
改用紅外光或紫外光的複製品
複製法 Copying
香港賽馬會投注站
IP 26
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
使用多個便宜或短壽命的物品,
取代昂貴的物品或系統
拋棄型
Cheap short-living objects
用完即棄相機 IP 27
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 以視、聽、嗅覺系統取代機械系統
b. 以電、磁、電磁場使物體互相影響
c. 把靜態場改成動態場,把無結構場改成
有結構場
d. 連接能與場作用(鐵磁性)的粒子
取代傳統(機械)系統
Mechanics substitution
手搖义電器
IP 28
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
使用氣體或液體取代固體的元
件或系統
使用氣壓和液壓
Pneumatics and hydraulics
雪地氣墊船
IP 29
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 以彈性膜及薄膜更換原來的構造
b. 以純淨的薄膜將物體和外界環境隔離
利用软壳和薄膜
Flexible shells and thin films
BMW GINA
concept car
IP 30
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 使物體成為多孔性,或加入多孔的元素
b. 如果物體已是多孔性,在孔隙中加入有
用的物質或功能
多孔材料 Porous materials
IP 31
打印機頭
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 改變物體或其環境的顏色
b. 改變物體或其環境的透明度
c. 使用顏色添加物或發光的元素,以改
善事物的能見度
改變顏色 Color changes
隨着溫度改變顏色
Pink PurpleT C
o
IP 32
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
使用同一種材料產生交互作用
(或有相同性質的材料)
同質化法 Homogeneity
無釘斗拱
IP 33
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 已執行完成功能的物體或系統的元件,
能自行消失(溶解、揮發、拋棄)
b. 動作中將已消耗或退化的零件,恢復其
功能或形狀(再生)
拋棄與復原
Discarding and recovering
生物可分解垃圾袋
IP 34
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 改變物理物理、化學狀態(固態、液
態、氣態)
b. 改變濃度或密度
c. 改變彈性(伸縮性、彎曲性、可撓度)
的程度
d. 改變溫度, 壓力, 長度和體積等
改變參數, 变質 Parameter
changes, Transformation of Properties
Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) 的士
IP 35
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
在相轉變的過程中,利用所發生的
現象(如體積改變、熱釋放、或吸收)
變相 Phase transitions
IP 36
波士頓矩陣
以生動變相模式,
評估企業各項業
務的前景
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 利用材料的熱脹 冷縮去完成有用的效應
b. 利用不同膨脹係數的多種材料,去完成
不同的有用效應
熱膨脹法
Thermal expansion
IP 37
不同的熱膨脹係數的金屬粘合在一起,
螺旋將放鬆或收緊取決於溫度
雙金屬片
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 使用含氧量高的氣體取代正常空氣
b. 使用純氧取代含氧高的氣體
c. 使用臭氧
強氧化劑 Strong oxidants
高壓純氧治療
IP 38
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
a. 以非活性環境取代正常環境
b. 加入中性物質或鈍性添加物於物體
或系統中
惰性環境 Inert atmosphere
鎢絲燈泡加入惰性氣體
IP 39
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved
以合成材料取代同質材料
複合材料法
Composite materials
安全玻璃
IP 40
Copyright © 2013 Victor Lo. All rights reserved

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TRIZ 40 Innovation Principles