Europe is edging closer to an event once unthinkable in post-war politics – the possible retreat of arguably the continent’s greatest triumph. With the unilateral triggering of Article 50, expected in March 2017, the United Kingdom would present itself as the first Member State to declare its intention to withdraw membership of the European Union. An inside view from Brussels.

1. Episode1:Keepcalmandnegotiate
AninsideviewfromBrussels
Brexitinperspective
January 2017

2. © Brunswick 2016 | 2
Howeverunprecedented,
themechanicsfor
withdrawalarenow
underway.Theroadwill
notbeeasyfor eitherparty.
Itremainstobeseen
whetherthemotto‘united
indiversity’willholdtrue
overthecourseof any
futurenegotiationsbut,as
thingsstand,theEuropean
institutionsareholding
firm onaresoluteposition
towardsanexitpartner
thatissettingnoclear
negotiationsobjective.
Therearetobeno
negotiationsbeforethe
formalnotificationof
Article50of theTreatyon
EuropeanUnion(TEU),and
oncenegotiationsstartthe
Europeaninstitutionswill
worktopreservethe
interestsof theremaining
Members.Decadesof equal
partnershipamongst
Europeannationsaresetto
beunravelledas
discussionspittheUnited
Kingdomagainstthe
remainingMemberStates.
2016:Theyearof revolt.
2017:Theyearof
uncertainty?
Postulating outcomesover thenext
fewmonths highlights thatuncertainty
remains theelephant in theroom for
many factors in aBrexit negotiation.
Europe is hosting numerous elections
in its Member States over thecourse of
2017. These range from local elections
to elections for President in all parts of
Europe; North to South,East to West.
Of key importance will be votes in
France and Germany, thetraditional
‘driver states’ of theEuropean Union.
Just like in theBritish referendum vote
on EUmembership, and therecent
Presidential elections in theUnited
States,there is aquestion mark over
likely outcomes in almost all of these
popular votes.
Whereas asolid lead in thepolls
traditionally meant guaranteed wins,
today’s political climate seems like
shakier ground.
Whatwe can be sure of however is
that,whether in March or later on, the
UK Government will trigger Article 50.
There isthena clear process for this
withdrawal of EUmembership, with
theexpectation of avery strict – and
tight –timetable, unless theparties
agree to extend it as set outin
paragraph 3 of Article 50.
Europe is edging
closer to an event
once unthinkable in
post-war politics –
the possible retreat
of arguably the
continent’s greatest
triumph. Withthe
unilateraltriggering
of Article 50,
expectedin March
2017, the United
Kingdom would
present itselfas the
first Member State to
declare its intention
to withdraw
membership of the
European Union.

3. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 3
Phase 5: October 2018 – March 2019
Phase 3: June – August 2017
Phase 4:
August 2017 – October 2018
Negotiations begin with the UK (topics
include the EU budget, financial
settlement, acquired rights of citizens
and business and borders)
Donald Tusk
European Council
Article 50 TaskForce
Guy Verhofstadt will act
as “observer” for the
European Parliament
Adedicated Council
Working Group will
provide guidance for the
negotiator and EU’s
negotiating team ona
regular basis
RepresentativeoftheCouncil
Presidencywillalsositinthe
negotiatingteam
Michel Barnier
PrimeMinister Westminster
OR
Phase 1: March 2017 ?
UK Supreme CourtCase:
Who can trigger Article50?
European Council to adopt broad,
principle based guidelines for
Article 50 framework (which can
be revised if needed)
At the recommendation of the
European Commission, the Council
will open negotiations and
nominate the Union negotiator
The UK formallynotifiesthe EuropeanCouncil of itsintention to
withdrawfrom EU membership(“triggersArticle50”)
Phase 2: March – June 2017
European Council formallynominate Barnier
as chief negotiator and agree procedural
working relationshipbetween institutions
Interinstitutionalcooperation
The Article 50 Task Force (European
Commission) will keep the EU27 and the
European Parliament informed.
Representatives of Donald Tusk will be
present in a supporting role.
Transitional arrangement
and new relationship
OR
Phase 6:
March 2019 - ?
Hard Brexit?
European Parliament,European Council
and the UK to agree to any Article 50
Agreement or decide to extend the
negotiations. The agreement process
depends on whetherit is an EU or “mixed”
competency agreement.
EuropeanCouncil
European Council
The official
“Brexit” procedure
TriggeringArticle50
© Brunswick 2016 | 3

4. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 4
Immediatelyfollowingthe
announcementof theUK
referendumresult,the
EuropeanCounciltook
charge.Thedayafterthe
referendum,aCouncilTask
Force wascreatedto plan
theupcomingnegotiations.
Ithasbeenagreedthata
specific‘Brexit’Working
Groupwillbesetup but
onlystartafterformal
notification of Article50by
theUnitedKingdom.In
September,European
CommissionPresident
Jean-ClaudeJuncker
announcedthecreationof
anArticle50TaskForce to
laythegroundworkfor
impendingnegotiationsto
begin.FormerInternal
MarketCommissioner,
FrenchmanMichelBarnier,
istoheadoperationswitha
Germantradeexpert
deputy,SabineWeyand,
guidinghimthroughthe
process.TheUnion
negotiatingteamwillthen
beCommissionled (by
Barnier)withinvolvement
from Council
representatives.
1/ EuropeanCommission
Thewider European Commission will
feed input into theArticle 50 Task
Force through headsof European
Commission departments (so-called
Director-Generals) and specific “single
contact points”, one additional official
for each Directorate-General
(department).
On6 December, theEuropean
Commission’s ChiefBrexit negotiator,
MichelBarnier, delivered his opening
press statement on thepreparations
underway at EUlevel for any
notification of Article 50 by theUK. He
took thetime to outline theprocess
which would dictate thefuture
negotiations.
According to Barnier, if theUK notifies
Article 50 in March 2017, then
agreement must bereached on the
leaving arrangement by October 2018.
This datewould thenallow for
ratification by theEU27 (depending on
which competences theagreement
covers), theUKParliament and with
theconsent (asimple majority) of the
European Parliament before theMarch
2019 deadline.
Any futuretransitional arrangement
would thendepend on whetherthe
EU27 think thatit would be usefulto
pursue one. Their decision will depend
on what sort of relationship theUK
asks for after “Brexit” (and what the
other EU27 are prepared to give).
Any post-Brexit agreement will haveto
be concluded aswith a third country.
This means thatnew negotiations
cannot start until thefinal Brexit
process is completed (i.e. after March
2019). Outsidethetiming issues,we
can expect adegree of balkanisation –
Germany, France, Visegrad,
Netherlands and Ireland, Nordics and
Baltics, Southern periphery: but these
groups will likely shiftand change
depending on theissue being
discussed.
2/ MemberStates
(EuropeanCouncil;Council
of the EuropeanUnion)
TheEU27 Member Stateswill set upa
dedicated committee (Council Working
Group) of dedicated officials from their
Permanent Representations (whichact
asMember Statefootprints in
Brussels) to cover Brexit matters. Chief
Negotiator Barnier will thenregularly
update and discuss issueswith this
Working Group over thecourse of the
Article 50 negotiations; and Sherpas
(who inform theHeads of Government
and States).
On15 December, theEuropean
Council President Donald Tusk made a
statement after ameeting of theEU27.
Tusk outlined that theUnion
negotiating teamwill have a
representative of therotating Council
Presidency, and that representatives of
European Council President Donald
Tusk will have asupporting role in the
negotiations themselves. There will
also be broad political guidelines, and
more detailed directives, drafted bythe
Member Statesto give theUnion
negotiating teamguidance over the
course of negotiations.
Intelligence update

5. © Brunswick 2016 | 5
3/ EuropeanParliament
GuyVerhofstadt was appointed by the
European Parliament’s political Groups
to report back on thenegotiations once
theyget underway. This will bea
restricted dialogue between
Verhofstadt and thepolitical Group
heads. TheParliament’s far right EFDD
Group (Europe of Freedom and Direct
Democracy) nominated Nigel Farage
asits own Brexit observer, causing
some political complications.
On15 December, it wasagreed
between theinstitutions that
Verhofstadt will have accessto the
same briefings as theCouncil sherpas.
TheUnited Kingdom’s “Brexit
Minister” David Davis, was recently in
Strasbourg to discuss negotiations
with theMembers of theEuropean
Parliament. During Davis’ talks with
Verhofstadt theofficial line stood for,
that Brexit talks will becompleted
before the2019 European Parliament
elections.
TheEuropean Parliament’s elections
for President (a role with increased
powers over theyears) will come up
for grabs in January 2017, which may
see some shifting in alliances to try and
secure thetopspot. Expectations so far
point to thecentre-right EPPGroup
candidate, Italian Antonio Tajani,
taking theposition. The European
Parliament isset to adopt a resolution
in Spring 2017 which is expected to
feed into thenegotiating guidelines
offered bytheEuropean Council.
Issuessuch astheUK’s external
borders (particularly with Ireland) are
expected to feature. There are
however some indications that
tensions between political Groups are
not asunified over theBrexit issues as
Verhofstadt’s rhetoric implies.
Thelargest political Group, theEPP, is
known to be less enthusedabout
upcoming negotiations –particularly
Members coming from non-Eurozone
countries. They fear thatwithout a
strong non-Eurozone voice like theUK
alongside them,their clout risks being
reduced in EUdebates.
Theresolution will be an important
indicator of what theEuropean
Parliament will expect in any final
discussion (it hasaveto over any
agreement) butultimately it will only
influence theEuropean Commission’s
recommendations to theMember
Statesabout whatto mandate in
discussions. It is unlikely theMember
Stateswill take kindly to any
perception theyare being held to
ransom by theEuropean Parliament.

6. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 6
 The “negotiationperiod”under
Article50 will not take up the full 2
years.The Member States(EU27)will
onlybegin to drafttheir guidelinesfor
the EuropeanCommissionto
negotiatewith afterofficialnotification
is given by the United Kingdom
signalingitsintent to withdraw
membershipfrom the European
Union.Institutionalestimatesexpect
theseguidelinesto be readywithin
three to five weeks afternotification–
but more cautious estimatessuggest
thattheywill not be readyuntil Mayor
August2017.
 The Article50 negotiationswill be a
broad exitarrangement.Boththe
United Kingdom,and EU27havesaid
thatthesediscussionswill focuson the
mechanics of withdrawal– and not the
foundations of anew relationship.
Thatagreement will come later,if at
all.The Article50 agreement will focus
on issues likehow to deal with budget
contributions,borders,any ongoing
casesin the EuropeanCourtof Justice,
EU buildingand infrastructure
settlementsand citizens'rights(such
asthe futurestatusof EU27nationals
in the UK; and viceversa). Depending
on whether the UK indicatesit wants
some form of post-Article50
agreement; any transitional
arrangement will likelybe more status
quo (equivalenceregime) than
“bespoke”.
 The UK's constitutionwill be of
utmost importance.Core
overlappingconcernsfor the UK, EU
and other Member Stateswill need to
be handledcarefullyif and when the
UK extractsitselffrom the EU
framework.A coreconcernfor Chief
NegotiatorMichelBarnier - and British
neighbor the IrishRepublic -is the
implicationsof withdrawalon
NorthernIreland.A “hardborder” is a
concernfor both partiesgiven the
perceived backwardstepsucha
border wouldsend aboutrelations
between the two countries;aswell as
for logisticalsecurityand defence
implications.Even within the
mainlandUK,many constitutional
issues– suchasthe statusof Scotland
and Wales – will likelyrequire further
clarity.Theseissueswill not be solved
quicklyand may involvetimely legal
challenges.
 The Article50 timetablewill put
pressureon a principlebased
negotiation. The two year – or less
than two year– negotiationperiodwill
not involveany "tweakingof issues”,
or reopening of complexlegislationor
files.There will likely bea broad
sweeping approachmeaning that
industrywill be haveto waititsturn if
it wants to cherrypick or influence
existinglegislation.
 A successfulArticle50 requiresa
constructiveapproach from both
sides. To make any significant
headway inthe tighttimeframe for
withdrawal,there is a need for a
reasonedand dispassionate
discussion.The tensionsare currently
riding highand whilstboth parties
remain adamantthatthere is no desire
to “punish” theother– the atmosphere
will donothing to fostercompromise.
 Can Article 50 be revoked?The
reversibilityof Article50 will likely
proveincreasingly importantgoing
forward.To achievesomuch,in so
littletime, there is a risk thatthe UK
will be pushedinto revokingArticle50
– or into walkingawayfrom a last
minute deal withthe EU27.The ability
to ‘undo’ Article50 once triggered still
needs to be legallyanalysed.
Assumptions about
the Article 50 process

7. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 7
Article 50
process in action
1. TheMember Staterepresentatives
feed into theEuropean Council
position through their respective
channels. Sherpas help to feedback
and update Heads of Member
Statesand Government on this
process.
2. TheEuropean Council provides
negotiating directives to provide
guidance to theUnion negotiators
for usein thenegotiating sessions.
3. Negotiating sessions take place; on
theEuropean side MichelBarnier
from theEuropean Commission
takes thelead role, with
representatives of Donald Tusk
and theCouncil Presidency also
present in theroom. The United
Kingdom’s negotiating set up isstill
to be defined.
4. TheEuropean Union negotiating
team reports information back to
theEuropean Parliament who
provide soft feedback. The team
also reports back to theCouncil
Working Party on theUK, who are
consulted about developments.
EU steering process
Article 50 negotiations
3. Negotiation sessions
1.
2. 4.
4.
Sherpas
European Council (EU 27)
General Affairs Council
COREPER
Council Working Group on
the Brexit
EU Negotiating Team
Article 50 Task Force (Barnier led).
Representatives of Donald Tusk and
Council Presidency.
European Parliament Brexit
negotiator
UK Negotiating Team
DExEU and Cabinet Office
UK Permanent Representation
to the EU
European Parliament

8. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 8
In focus
TheEuropean Council will maintain
control of the“Brexit” process through
aset of broad negotiating guidelines –
initially principle based, and then
supplemented by specific “directives”
(drawn upby national Ministers for the
EU)containing greater detail asand
when it is needed over thecourse of
negotiations. This work is expected to
be coordinated by Didier Seeuws and
hisinternal task force team in the
Council. Aside from setting thebroad
framework of negotiations, Member
Stateswill havea presence in the
negotiation process, albeit of a less
practical nature thanMichelBarnier
(who will negotiate on behalf of the
whole European Union, not just the
European Commission).
Withinthe European Union’s
negotiating team, thelead negotiator
will be MichelBarnier. A
representative of theCouncil
Presidency (who havea coordinating
role for ministerial discussions on a six
month rotation) will be present in the
Union negotiating team and therefore
directly involved with thecoordination
work taking place between the
European Commission’s core Brexit
team and theEuropean Commission’s
own departments. Representatives of
Donald Tusk are also beto present,
with observer status,in any
negotiating rounds between Michel
Barnier and theUK negotiating team.
“Sherpas” (thechief foreign policy/EU
policy advisors of thePrime Ministers)
will brief theHeads of State or
Government on what isgoing on.
OntheEuropean Parliament side, Guy
Verhofstadt, and therefore the
Conference of Presidents (heads of
political Groups) are expected to
receive thesame level of briefing as the
Member States.The European
Parliament hasno functional role in the
negotiation process itself, but will need
to give consent by simple majority to
any final agreement.
Europeaninstitutionalframework(declaredor probable)
European Council
European Commission
Departments
European Parliament
Single Contact Points
Council of the EU:
Council Working Group
5.6.7.8.9.10.11.
2.1.
3.4.
Article 50 Task Force
Council Presidency Representatives
Representatives of Donald Tusk
Union negotiating team
Personalities: 1.Donald Tusk(President, EuropeanCouncil); 2.Didier Seeuws (Brexit Coorindator, European Council);3.Sabine Weyand (Deputy ChiefNegotiator,
EuropeanCommission); 4.Michel Barnier (ChiefNegotiator, EuropeanCommission); 5.GuyVerhofstadt (Chiefliaison fortheEuropean Parliament/Leader,ALDE
Group);6.Manfred Weber (Leader,EPPGroup);7.Gianni Pittella (Leader,S&DGroup); 8.SyedKamall (Leader;ECR Group);9.Gabriele Zimmer(Leader,GUE
Group);10.Ska Keller (Co-leader,Greens Group); 11.Philippe Lamberts (Co-leader,Greens Group);12.Jean-Claude Juncker (President, EuropeanCommission); 13
Martin Selmayr (HeadofCabinet, Jean-Claude Juncker)
12.
13.
European Commission

9. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 9
In focus
Asof 2017, a new Unit isto beset upin
theCabinet Office(department
supporting thework of thePrime
Minister and Cabinet) to cover Brexit. It
will comprise civil servants from the
Cabinet Officeproper, theTreasury
and theForeign and Commonwealth
office. Oliver Robbins is thePermanent
Secretary (Department Head) under
David Davis in theso-called ‘Brexit
Ministry’ (DExEU).Robbins will have
responsibility for supporting Cabinet in
examining options for theUnited
Kingdom’s futurerelationship outside
theEU,with Europe, and therest of the
world aswell asresponsibility for the
wider European and Global Issues
Secretariat at theCabinet Office.He is
known to be very close to theHead of
theCivil Service Jeremy Heywood.
Robbins will be joined by Alex Ellis at
DExEU,current British Ambassador to
Brazil. Ellis hasexperience both in the
Permanent Representation of theUK
to theEuropean Union (covering,
amongst others, enlargement issues)
and in thepolitical Cabinet of former
European Commission President José
ManuelBarroso.
Wecan expect thatRobbins will be
heavily influential in theadvising of
Theresa Mayon issuesrelating to the
exit of theUK from theEuropean
Union. His strong personal
connections within theCabinet Office
are likely to make hima key influence
on in thePrime Minister’s thinking in
thelead upto March 2017.
UK Permanent Representative Sir Ivan
Rogers submitted hisresignation on 3
January. Tim Barrow, acareer
diplomat, was announced aday later as
hisreplacement.
UnitedKingdom(declaredor probable)
Personalities: 1.TheresaMay(PrimeMinister, United Kingdom); 2.Jeremy Heywood(Head, CivilService);3.Oliver Robbins (EUSherpa, HeadofCabinet OfficeBrexit
unit and Permanent Secretary,DExEU); 4.Boris Johnson (ForeignSecretary);5.LiamFox(International Trade);6.DavidDavis (“Brexit”DExEUMinister); 7.AlexEllis
(DirectorGeneral,DExEU); 8.SarahHealey (DirectorGeneral,DExEU); 9.Tim Barrow (theUKPermanent Representative to theEU);10.PhilipHammond (Chancellor
ofthe Exchequer,MP,“Remainer”, Conservative Party);11.Jeremy Corbyn (Leader,LabourParty);12.Caroline Lucas (Co-leader,Greens Party);13.Angus Robertson
MP(Leader;SNP Partyin Westminster); 14.TimFarron MP(Leader;LiberalDemocratsinWestminster); 15.Nicola Sturgeon (First Minister, Scottish Parliament);16.
Mark Carney (Chairman,Bank ofEngland);
Downing Street
Bank of England
Westminster
Conservative MPs Opposition parties
Devolved
institutions
1.
4.
5.
13.10. 11. 12.
16.
15. 14.
9.
“EU Unit”:
Cabinet office
2. 3.
7. 8.
DExEU: Government Ministry
6.

10. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 10
A“race” against time
Brexit timeline
3-5 months after Article 50
3 February 15-16 March
3-5 weeks after Article 50 is triggered:
4 December
Italian Constitutional
referendum
Austrian Presidential
election
EU 27 Informal
Meeting (Malta)
European Council adopt guidelines for the
framework of Article negotiations
January
Poss. Switzerland law
favouring Swiss
residents over EU
migrants to be
proposed
March
UK expected to notify
intent to withdraw
from EU (Art.50)
EU 28 Informal Meeting
“Conclusion of a political reflection
on the future of the EU” (Rome);
60th Anniversary of the Rome
Treaty
January
Supreme Court
ruling on who can
trigger Article 50
Michel Barnier (European Commission Article 50
Task Force) is to liaise with the Council Working
Group and the European Parliament.
12 February
German
Presidential
election
May
UK local elections
15 March
Netherlands
general
election
23 April
French
Presidential
election
May
Poss. Italian
General election
11/18 June
French legislative
elections
Estimate whereby EU27 to
have agreed on detailed
negotiating mandate
September
German Federal
elections
22-23 June
European
Council
(Brussels)
EU Level EU 27 UK
European Council
Meeting (Brussels)
25 March
28 January
Finnish
Presidential
elections
9 September
Swedish general
elections
April/May
Hungarian
legislative
elections
TBC October
Czech Presidential
elections
TBC October
Irish Presidential elections
October
EU27/UK Brexit deal needs to
allow six months for ratification
or parties agree to extend the
negotiations
March 2019
European elections
TBC:
EU27 ratification
TBC:
European Parliament
ratification
TBC:
UK Parliament ratification
15 December
EU 27 Informal meeting
European Council
16 December
Q2 Q32017
Q4 Q2 Q42018 2019
EULevelUKEU27
On the basis of a European Commission
recommendation, General Affairs Council
formally open negotiations, which can then
begin immediately
October
Czech legislative
elections

11. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 11
EUinstitutions
EuropeanCouncil:FormationofEU
MemberStatesHeadsofStateand
Government.Theymeetatleastfour
timesayearandlargelysetthe
directionforfutureEUintegration.
EuropeanCouncilPresident:Donald
Tusk(Term–2.5Years)
Sherpa:Personalrepresentativeofa
HeadofMemberStateorGovernment.
CounciloftheEuropeanUnion:Co-
legislatorforEuropeanlegislation,
madeupofministersfortheEU
MemberStates.Theytypicallysitin
formationswhichcorrespondtheir
portfolios.Headedby:Rotating
MemberState“Presidency”ofsix
monthterms.ThePresidencyroleis
largelyoneofcoordinationandagenda
setting.The“Presidency”country
coordinatesalllevelsofactivitywithin
theCounciloftheEU.
COREPER:Decisionsmadebynational
ministersintheCounciloftheEU
formationsarepreparedbygroupsof
nationalgovernmentofficials(the
PermanentRepresentatives
Committee).Theydivideintotwo
“ranks”ofnationalofficials.
COREPERII:Meetingof
ambassadorswhocovertopics
relatingtoforeignaffairs,justiceand
homeaffairsandeconomicand
financialaffairs.
COREPERI:Meetingofdeputy
ambassadorswhodealwithallother
areasofEUpolicymaking.
EuropeanCommission:TheEU’scivil
servicewhichdraftsandenforcesEU
legislation.
CollegeofCommissioners:The
EuropeanCommission’spolitical
leadershipduringafiveyearterm.It
compromisesonePresident,onefirst
Vice-President,fourVice-Presidents
andtwentyoneotherCommissioners
withapolicyportfolio.Thereisalsoa
HighRepresentativewhorepresents
theEUinternationally.
EuropeanCommissionPresident:
ThePresident‘sroleistodetermine
thepoliticaldirectionoftheEuropean
Commission,organizetheCollegeof
Commissionersandallocateportfolios
toitsothermembers.Current
President:Jean-ClaudeJuncker
EuropeanCommissionVice-
Presidents:Vice-Presidents are
Commissionerswhohavea
coordinationrolebetweentheworkof
Commissionerswithportfoliosthat
closelyinterlink.
EuropeanCommissioner: A
memberoftheCommissionCollege.
Theyareassignedresponsibilityfora
specificpolicyareaandoneormore
Directorates-General(DGs)bythe
EuropeanCommissionPresident.
Directorate-General(DG):A
EuropeanCommissiondepartment
akintoanationalministry.
Director-General: The most senior
civil servant position heading each
Commission ministry. Appointments
to this position require Member State
backing and are typically political in
nature.
Cabinet: The political staff of the
individual Commissioners who set the
aims to which the Commission DG
thenworkstowards.
European Parliament: Directly
electedchambermadeupof751MEPs
from all 28 Member States. These
national delegates then form EU-wide
political Groups which are made up
from across the EU. European
Parliament President: A new
President will be elected in January
2017.(Term–2.5Years)
Article50TaskForce:The“EU”side
ofthetableinBrexitnegotiations.
Madeupof politicalfiguresandcivil
servantsfromtheEuropean
Commission,andrepresentativesfrom
MemberStategovernments.
CouncilWorkingGrouponBrexit:
Formalformationfornational
representativesfromtheEU27
MemberStatestodiscussspecificsof
Brexitnegotiationsonarollingbasis.
UKinstitutions
PrimeMinister:HeadofGovernment
(and“Firstamongstequals”inthe
Cabinet)
Cabinet:Acollectivedecisionmaking
bodyformedofthemostsenior
Governmentministers.
CabinetOffice:Civilservice
department,whichsupportsthePrime
MinisterandCabinetofministers.
SecretaryofState:ACabinetMinister
inchargeofaGovernment
department.
PermanentSecretary:Mostsenior
civilservantinaGovernmentministry.
TheyreporttotheSecretaryofState.
DirectorGeneral:Aseniorcivil
servantwhoreportsdirectlytothe
PermanentSecretary.
ThePermanentRepresentationof
theUnitedKingdomtothe
EuropeanUnion(UKREP):A
diplomaticmissionfromtheUKtothe
EuropeanUnionandrepresentsthe
MemberStateinCouncilWorking
Groups.UKREPnowreportsdirectlyto
DExEU.UKPermanent
Representative:TimBarrow
Glossary

12. Brunswick Group
Brexit in perspective
© Brunswick 2016 | 12
Brunswick Group
OfferingatrulyEuropeanperspective
Brunswick is an
advisory firm
specializingin critical
issues and corporate
relations.
Aglobal partnership with 23 officesin
14 countries. Founded in 1987,
Brunswick hasgrown organically,
operating as asingle profit center –
allowing usto respond seamlessly to
our clients’ needs, wherever theyare in
theworld.
Theinternational and multilingual
strong team in Brussels advises both
global and local clients to position them
within theEuropean Union framework
at all levels and with all types of
stakeholders. Theteam in Brussels
works closely with colleagues across
Europe to deliver international
intelligence, advice and campaigns.
For more information contact our Brexit team
PhilippeBlanchard
ManagingPartner,HeadofOffice,Brussels
PeterKalotai
Director
MichaelWilson
Executive
Brussels
Philippe Blanchard
France
Jerome Biscay
Milan
Alessandro Iozzia
Rome
Manuela Rafaiani
London
Simon Sporborg
Vienna
Ronald Schranz
Stockholm
Annette Brodin Rampe
Berlin
Ulrich Deupmann
Munich
Janos Goenczoel
Frankfurt
Christian Weyand
BrunswickGroup
27 Avenue des Arts
1040 Brussels
Belgium
+ 32 22 35 65 10
brusselsoffice@brunswickgroup.com
www.BrunswickGroup.com
ContactBrunswickBrussels
LinusTurner
Partner
NickBlow
Partner