malignancy and mangement of carcinoma

1. MALIGNANCY & MGT OF
CARCINOMA PATIENTS

2. DEFINITION
• Malignancy is the tendency of a medical
condition to become progressively worse.
• Malignant tumor spreads uncontrollably and
invades the surrounding tissues

3. Benign tumor Malignant tumor

4. Overview
• Cancer is the second leading cause of death
globally, accounting for an estimated 9.6
million deaths, or one in six deaths, in 2018.

5. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
• Fatigue
• lumps
• Change in skin
• Abnormal bleeding
• Prolonged cough
• Unexplained weight loss

6. RISK FACTORS
• Smoking
• Sun exposure
• Genetics- history of malignancy
• Solid organ transplantation (post transplant
malignancy)
• Infectious disease

7. DIAGNOSTIC METOD
• Biopsy

8. What is radical therapy
• Potentially curative treatment e.g, surgical
resection and/or radical radiotherapy and/or
systemic therapy
• Aim is to eliminate bulk (macroscopic ) disease
and any potential micrometastases and hence
intent is to cure

9. What is adjuvant therapy
• “Back – up” therapy after potentially curative
treatment e.g. surgical resection and/or
radical radiotherapy
• Aim is to eliminate micrometastases and
hence increase probability of cure

10. What is neo-adjuvant therapy
• Primary systemic therapy prior to potentially
curative treatment e.g. surgical resection
and/or radical radiotherapy and/or
chemotherapy
• Aim is to shrink the tumour bulk and facilitate
the local therapy (radical
surgery/radiotherapy)

11. What is palliative therapy
• Aim is to stabilise or shrink bulk of metastases
with no potential for cure
• Stabilisation as well as shrinkage may be a
good surrogate for symptom control ,
improved QOL (quality of life) and longer
survival which are the aims of therapy

12. Treatment modalities
• Surgery
• Radiotherapy
• Systemic therapies:
- chemotherapy
- hormonal therapy
-immunotherapy
-biological therapy

13. THANK YOU