2. • Returning to his room, Joseph Andrews writes to his
sister, telling her of his misfortune. He says, he is
vowing to continue to preserve himself from sexual
advances. Joseph applies to the estate steward, Peter
pounce, for what little wages he is owed (since pounce
has loaned him money in advance at exorbitant
interest). He must return his livery (uniform) to Peter,
so he borrows clothes from one of the servants and then
sets off at night on his journey.
• Instead of returning to his parents, Joseph makes haste
to return to the booby county seat, since the woman he
loves lives on a farm in that parish. Fanny
Goodwill and Joseph Andrews have practically grown
up together, since fanny was raised by the Boobys. But
she has recently been let go by Mrs. slipslop, probably
because of her remarkable beauty. Fanny and Joseph
intend to marry but have been waiting, on the advice
of Parson Adams. The couple has shared kisses and
embraces but not more than that. they have been apart
for months, and Joseph is anxious to see his fiancée.
CHAPTER’S
10,11,12
(DIVISION 01)
3. Joseph Andrews is attacked by robbers on the road and
tries to fight them off, but they get the best of him,
beating him mercilessly, robbing him of his clothes and
money, and leaving him in a ditch. A stagecoach stops
when the postilion hears Joseph's groans, but the lady
tells the coachman to leave the naked man, and
everyone agrees except a lawyer, who says that they
could be liable for his death now that they have stopped
in the first place.
None of the fine people in the coach will give up a coat
to the bleeding Joseph, but the postilion offers his. The
coach is subsequently robbed by the same ruffians but
finally arrives at an inn. In the morning, the innkeeper
tells betty, the maid, to get Joseph one of his shirts, but
she is stopped by his wife, Mrs. tow-wouse, who faults
him for trying to clothe "naked vagabonds." Betty gets a
shirt from the hostler and the surgeon finally comes to
dress Joseph's wounds. 3
CHAPTER’S
10,11,12
4. CHAPTER’S
13, 14 AND
15
(DIVISION 02)
Mr. Tow-wouse and the Surgeon visit
Joseph Andrews, who tells them the
story of his encounter with the Two
Ruffians. Joseph then asks the
Surgeon about the prospects for his
recovery, and the Surgeon advises him
to settle his worldly affairs. Mr. Tow-
wouse accordingly sends for Mr.
Barnabas, the clergyman, who
approaches Joseph’s room only after
having taken Tea with the landlady
and Punch with the landlord. Mr.
Barnabas then goes back for another
drink and returns to find Joseph
apostrophizing his sister, Pamela
Andrews, and extolling the value of
sexual purity. The clergyman
concludes that Joseph is delirious and
excuses himself from further
5. The Surgeon returns and declares that
Joseph is in fact not delirious but in
command of his senses. They send for Mr.
Barnabas again, and the clergyman urges
Joseph to repent of all his sins and resign
himself to leaving the world. Joseph is
generally compliant but hedges when it
comes to Fanny Goodwill, saying that he will
have difficulty resigning himself to the divine
will if the divine will propose to separate him
from his beloved. He agrees, however, to
“divest himself of all human Passion, and fix
his Heart above, Mr. Barnabas recommends
“Prayer and Faith.” He then urges Joseph to
forgive the Two Ruffians “as a Christian
ought,” but he gives no further specifics as to
what the Christian manner of forgiveness
entails. Mr. Barnabas soon wraps up the visit
and returns to the parlor, where the punch
has been waiting for him. There he reports to
Mrs. Tow-wouse that Joseph has expressed a
desire for tea; Mrs. Tow-wouse does not want
to spare it, however, so Betty the
chambermaid goes out to buy some tea for
5
CHAPTER’S
13, 14 AND
15
6. In the morning, the thief cannot be brought to justice because
he has escaped out the window the previous night. The narrator
intimates that constable suck bribe likely let the prisoner go in
exchange for money. The surgeon and Mr. Barnabas ask parson
Adams to share a drink with them, and he tells them about his
plan to sell his sermons. During this conversation, the surgeon
highly praises the sermons of Tillotson, an Anglican archbishop.
over the next few days, joseph makes a good recovery, and he
and Adams pray together in thanksgiving.
A bookseller friend of Mr. Barnabas agrees to look at parson
Adams's manuscripts, though he generally publishes only
sermons of famous people. Barnabas harshly criticizes the
famous Whitefield for recommending poverty to all Christians.
Adams agrees with Whitefield that clergymen should not live
luxuriously, but he cannot countenance his “doctrine of faith
against good works.” This view scandalizes both the bookseller,
who withdraws his offer, and Barnabas, who thinks Adams
might be the devil himself. Their discussion is cut short by a
commotion. Mrs. tow-wouse finds betty in bed with Mr. tow-
wouse and throws her out of the house.
6
CHAPTER’S
16,17,18
(DIVISION 03)
7. The next chapter gives some history of betty
the chambermaid. Mr. tow-wouse has been
pursuing her for a while, but she has fended
him off. After Joseph Andrews arrives, betty
becomes more and more smitten with him and
finally embraces him passionately. Joseph
leaps away from her and chides her lack of
modesty, which she responds to with more
advances until Joseph has to physically throw
her out of his room. Betty, still sexually
aroused and perhaps in need of assuaging her
pride, walks into Mr. tow-wouse’s bedroom on
the pretense of making his bed.
7
CHAPTER’S
16,17,18
8. JOSPEH ANDREWS
From a humble
background, the handsome
and amiable joseph has
some education and high
moral standards. He is the
brother of the famous
Pamela Andrews, who has
resisted the sexual
advances of her employer.
Joseph is chaste and will
not give up his virtue to an
upper-class predator. As a
PARSON ADAMS
Mr. Abraham Adams
is a learned
clergyman who has
studied Latin and
Greek and who is
much beloved by his
parishioners for his
upright character
and Christian
charity.
FANNY GOODWILL
Fanny goodwill is a
humble but beautiful
dairy maid who is
engaged to Joseph
Andrews and loves
him fiercely. she is an
orphan who has been
brought up on the
booby estate
MRS SLIP SLOP
Mrs. slipslop is a
gentlewoman-in-
waiting for lady
booby. she acts as if
she were one of the
gentry, and she is
sexually attracted to
Joseph Andrews.
TWO RUFFIANS
Highwaymen
who beat, rob,
and strip
Joseph on the
first night of
his journey
CHARACTERS:
9. POSTILION
Lends Joseph his
greatcoat when
joseph is naked
following the
attack by the
ruffians.
MR. TOW WOUSE
The master of the inn
where joseph boards
after being attacked by
the ruffians. He intends
to lend Joseph one of his
own shirts, but his
stingy wife prevents
him. later he is
discovered in bed with
betty the chambermaid
MR.S TOW WOUSE
the Frugal,
nagging wife of
Mr. tow-
Wouse.
BETTY
A chambermaid in
the inn of Mr. and
Mrs. tow-wouse. her
initial care of joseph
bespeaks her basic
good nature, but she
is also lustful, and
her association with
him ends badly.
SURGEON
Belatedly
addresses the
injuries Joseph
sustained
during his
attack by the
ruffians.
9
CHARACTERS:
10. THEME OF CHASTITY:
Fielding prefers that people’s sexual
conduct be by what they owe to god, each
other, and themselves . Joseph Andrews is
an embodiment of physical chastity.
although he loves Fanny and they both
want to intimate but they keep themselves
chaste waiting for their marriage. while he
was attempted to be seduced by lady booby
and Mrs. slipslop, but he preserve his
purity. Joseph loves Fanny and feels she is
his one true love, but this shows that there's
more to love than just the physical aspect.
THEME OF CHARITY:
A major theme of Joseph Andrews is that charity is the
mark of a true Christian. time and again, Joseph Andrews
is the victim of people's lack of charity and even downright
maliciousness. for example, he is fired from his job by lady
Booby for refusing to sleep with her, and then he is beaten
within an inch of his life by robbers on the road. he is saved
by some people in a stagecoach only because they fear
getting sued. the people who are kind to joseph outside his
circle of acquaintances are members of the lower classes,
since the upper classes are painted broadly in the novel as
lacking charity and compassion.
In the 18th century Augustan society was of the view that observation reason and application of satire could be used for
promoting knowledge . fielding depicted human nature as it existed in all strata of society, through his characters .
THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT:
11. SOCIALY AND MORALLY
FFRACTURD SOCIETY
This theme develops
when joseph was beaten
almost died by robbers
on the road to London.
he was saved by some
people in a stagecoach
only because they fear
getting sued. those
people had enough
clothes to give Joseph,
but they didn’t , because
of the fear of getting
stained with blood drops
of Joseph
CORRUPTION INCREASES
ALONG CLASS LINES
In the novel the upper classes
called the high people or
fashionable people are
consistently portrayed as
immoral, while the low people,
or people with no fashion, are
mostly portrayed as moral. one
exception to this rule is Mr.
Wilson, who was born a
gentleman and has some
property. this approach to
characterization is radical for
the 18th century, since literary
stories were pitched at the
middle and upper classes and
most people thought “bad
THEME OF TRUE LOVE
The scenario created in the
chapter 13 shows that Joseph
Andrews is in the condition
of severe fever and the
surgeon tells joseph that he
does not have much time, he
is near to die. at this stage he
is just thinking of his love
fanny without the fear of
death. he thought that he
cannot bear to forget her in
this world as well as in the
journey towards the next
world at any cost it shows
that his love and affection for
fanny is true and never
ending.
11
12. “Forgive them as—as—it is to
forgive them as—in short, it is to
forgive them as a Christian”
Joseph explains that he would
want them taken and that if he
saw the robbers he would want
to attack and kill them. Mr.
Barnabas says that all that
would be lawful, but he still
needs to forgive the thieves.
when joseph asks him what it
would mean to forgive them,
Barnabas is clearly clueless and
can only repeat clichés
MR
.BARNABAS
“What riches, or honors, or pleasures
can make us amends for the loss of
innocence?”
Joseph seems to be totally struggling
with lust and sexuality here. Sure, he's
just successfully resisted lady booby,
but he must write to his virtuous sister
to make sure he doesn't slip. we'll also
be real here: a girl's virginity was way
more important than a guy's back then
(some habits die hard), so there's
supposed to be something kind of
humorous about joseph taking such
serious advice from oh-so-virtuous
Pamela.
JOSEPH
ANDREWS
“[a] good Turk … [is] more acceptable
… [to the] creator than a … wicked
Christian, though his faith was as
perfectly orthodox as St. Paul’s”
When Mr. Barnabas and parson Adams
begin speaking about theology, Adams
decries certain types of Methodist
teaching that declare the only way a
person can be justified (ultimately saved
by god) is through faith. the more
precise doctrine, which pervades much
of Christianity, is that a person’s good
works are performed as a result of god’s
grace and that without faith good works
are worthless.
PARSON ADAMS
IMPORTANT DIALOGUES:
13. “[…] till that fatal evening when, as she was
warming his bed, her passion grew to such
a height, and so perfect mastered both her
modesty and reason […]. “
Betty is the third lady to make a play for
joseph. sounds like its a Florence
nightingale situation—she nurses him
back to health and starts thinking he is
pretty cool. Rage and lust pulled her
heart, as with two strings, two different
ways; one moment she thought of
stabbing joseph, the next, of taking him
in her arms, and devouring him.
BETTY
“[joseph] begged that they might search for
a little piece of gold, which had a rib band
tied to it, and which he could swear to
amongst all the hoards of the richest men
in the universe.”
Joseph doesn't care a lot about wealth, but
he attaches a lot of significance to personal
relationships. since he can't see fanny, this
piece of gold is as close of a relationship
with her as he's going to get for now. it's
characteristic that Joseph doesn't care
about the gold as money; he just cares
about what it as a symbol of love
JOSEPH ANDREWS
IMPORTANT DIALOGUES:
13
15. Joseph’s strawberry birthmark is a
symbol of his true origin and identifies
him as the son of Mr. and Mrs. Wilson,
stolen from the gypsies and raised by
Mrs. Andrews. a strawberry is also a
fitting symbol for joseph, since it is a
fruit associated with summer, fresh
and sweet and beautiful to look at.
JOSEPH’S
BIRTHMARK: PARSON ADAM’S
CRABSTICK
Parson Adams is a fighter by
nature both in word and in deed.
He is never one to back down from
a fight. The crabstick (cane made
of wood from a crab apple tree)
symbolizes his venerability as a
teacher, since he is middle-aged,
and also his skill in physical
fighting and his strength and
vitality.
THE AESCHYLUS TEXT
The text by Greek dramatist
Aeschylus of Parson Adams
represents his learning as
well as his vanity about his
learning. the text also
represents his overreliance
on book knowledge.
SYMBOLS:
15
16. Third person
narrative
&
Explanatory
language
SETTING
It took places in the inn
of Mr. and Mrs. town
wouse where joseph is
talking with surgeon
about his recovery and a
Barnabas also arrives
during it on the call of
Mrs. town wouse to make
joseph ready for the next
world
CONFLICT
self vs society
POINT OF VIEW
AND USE OF
LANGUAGE:
ELEMENTS
OF FICTION
IN LAST 09
CHAPTERS
.
16
17. DEFINITION
Picaresque derives from Spanish
picaresco, which means "of or
relating to a picaro." picaro"
describes a type of character that
has long been a popular subject
for fictional narrative.
CENTERS AROUND
The picaresque novel centers
around a wandering
individual of low standing
who happens into a series of
adventures among people of
various higher classes, often
relying on his wits and a little
dishonesty to get by
CHARACTERISTIC
In the picaresque novel, the
main character often belongs
to a low social class.
similarly, in this novel joseph
(the hero) belongs to a poor
class family
JOSEPH ANDREWS AS A PICARESQUE NOVEL
17
18. The picaresque novel
satirizes the social
conditions, so does Joseph
Andrews. henry fielding
satirizes different aspects
of his time, like
affectation. vanity.
hypocrisy. the pretentious
nature of the characters is
satirized, their inhuman
behaviors and the lack of
charity is satirized, as
Joseph was beaten and left
naked on the road, nobody
was ready to help him
Joseph Andrews is a
picaresque novel as it
deals with the journey
of joseph and parson
adams traveling from
london to lady booby's
estate. the journey is
the most important
element of the
picaresque novel.
The same thing
happens to Joseph
Andrews, he faces
different tragedies on
his way and has
different people in
different
communities.
WITH REFERENCE TO JOSPEH ANDREWS:
18
19. Fielding rejects the genre of conventional romance
because it contains "very little instruction or
entertainment," whereas fielding's two-fold goal is
precisely to instruct and entertain. The subject of
Joseph Andrews, as of all of fielding’s novels, is
human nature, which he considered fallible but
perfectible. The mode is comical or satirical, and the
moral intention is to puncture the facades whereby
people protect themselves from moral opprobrium
or from self-knowledge. Fielding's novel shows
careful organization in the arrangement of the
incidents, division into books and chapters and the
depiction of characters. It is often regarded as an
example of the picaresque novel (which narrates the
adventures of the picaro in a very loosely
constructed plot) but has a more compact plot
19
CONCLUSION