polycystic ovarian disease is a health problem which affectys woman mainly in reproductive age .so it is important to have knowledge about it .

1. POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN
DISEASE
A CURRENT HEALTH ISSUE AMONG WOMEN

2. DEFINITION
• PCOD OR PCOS IS A HORMONE RELATED DISORDER IN WHICH MULTIPLE
CYSTS(FLUID FILLED SAC) ARE FORMED INSIDE THE OVARIES GIVING RISE TO
MULTIPLE COMPLICATIONS IN FEMALE.
• THIS DISORDER AFFECTS WOMEN IN REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP
• ALSO KNOWN AS HYPER ANDROGENIC ANOVULATION OR LEVENTHAL
SYNDROME

3. DIFFERGENT CRITERIS OF PCOS

4. CURRENT SCENARIO
• THIS DISORDER IS MORE COMMON IN ADOLOSCENT GIRLS ,ADULT FEMALE
• OUT OF EVERY 10 FEMALE 1OR 2 MAY HAVE POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN DISEASE
• 70% OF ALL AFFECTED FEMALE ARE NOT YET DIAGNOSED AND TREATED
• FEMALE WITH PCOS ARE AT GREATER RISK OF GETTING OVARIAN CANCER ,
CERVICAL CANCER

5. POLYCYSTIC OVARY

7. IRREGULAR
MENSURATION
• AMENORRHEA
• OLIGOMENNORHEA
• MENORRHAGIA
• POLYMENORRHEA
• METRROHAGEA

8. DIFFICULTY IN GETTING PREGNANT
WOMAN WITH PCOD OFTEN FAILS TO CONCEIVE
BECAUSE OF ANOVULATION
EVEN IN SOME CASES EARLY MISCARRIAGE CAN
OCCURS

9. INSOMNIA
• PATIENT FACES DIFFICULTY IN SLEEPING

10. MOOD SWINGS
• BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES CAN BE SEEN , INCREASED IRRITABILITY , ANGER ETC.

11. SKIN CHANGES
• SKIN BECOMES MORE OILY AND ACNE PRONE
• SKIN PIGMENTATION CAN ALSO BE SEEN ON SOME PARTS OF THE BODY
• ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS , IT IS DARKENING OF SKIN FOLDS .

12. HIRSUTISM
• EXCESSIVE HAIR GROWTH CAN BE SEEN SPECIALLY ON FACE , NECK , BACK ETC

13. CAUSES OF PCOD
IDIOPATHIC
INSULIN
RESISTANCE
OBESITY
HYPERANDROGENISM EXCESSIVE STRESS

14. PATHOGENESIS OF PCOD

15. NORMAL OVARIAN CYCLE

16. OVARIAN CYCLE OF A
POLYCYSTIC OVARY

17. DIAGNOSIS OF PCOD
CLASSIC
SYMPTOMS
OF
PCOS
POLYCYSTIC
OVARIES
EXCESSIVE
ANDROGEN
LEVELS

18. DIAGNOSIS OF PCOD
• ASSESSMENT OF MEDICAL HISTORY
• PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS
• MENSTRUAL CYCLES
• WEIGHT AND BMI ( BODY MASS INDEX ) ASSESSMENT
• ULTRASONOGRAPHY OR TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND

19. DIAGNOSIS OF PCOS
TESTOSTERONE LEVELS
FREE ANDROGEN INDEX
OTHER BLOOD TESTS
sex hormone binding–globulin (SHBG) dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS)
HORMONAL
BLOOD TESTS

20. COMPLICATIONS OF PCOS
PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS
• SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS
• IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
• GESTATIONAL DIABETES
• HYPERTENSION
• SMALL FOR DATE BABY

21. COMPLICATIONS OF PCOS
• WEIGHT GAIN OR OBESITY
• PREDIABETES
• TYPE 2 DIABETES
• CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
• METABOLIC SYNDROME (GENERALLY HAVING AT LEAST TWO OF HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE, HIGH CHOLESTEROL, OBESITY, HIGH FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE)
• ENDOMETRIAL CANCER
• SLEEP APNOEA

22. TREATMENT OF PCOS
MEDICATIONS
• METFORMIN (GLUCOPHAGE )
• TO TREAT INSULIN RESISTANCE , PREDIABETES AND DIABETES CONDITION
HORMONAL BIRTH CONTROL PILLS
• ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE
• THIS OPTION IS ONLY FOR THOSE WOMAN WHO DON’T WANT TO GET PREGNANT .
ONLY THEY WANT TO MINIMIZE THEIR SYMPTOMS
CLOMID (CLOMIPHENE) OR FEMARA (LETROZOLE)
• FOR WOMAN WHO WANTS TO GET PREGNANT
OTHER SURGICAL OPTIONS LIKE OVARIAN DRILLING ETC.

23. TREATMENT OF PCOS

24. THANK YOU