2. TYPES OF POLLUTION
Air pollution.
Water pollution.
Soil pollution.
Radioactive pollution.
Noise pollution.
3. AIR POLLUTION
Air pollution is the presence of substances in the atmosphere
that are harmful to the health of humans and other living beings,
or cause damage to the climate or to materials. There are many
different types of air pollutants, such as gases
(including ammonia, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrous
oxides, methane, carbon dioxide
and chlorofluorocarbons), particulates (both organic and
inorganic), and biological molecules. Air pollution may cause
diseases, allergies and even death to humans; it may also cause
harm to other living organisms such as animals and food crops,
and may damage the natural environment (for example, climate
change, ozone depletion or habitat degradation) or built
environment(for example, acid rain). Both human activity and
natural processes can generate air pollution.
4.
5. WATER POLLUTION
Water pollution (or aquatic pollution) is the contamination of water
bodies, usually as a result of human activities, in such a manner that
negatively affects its legitimate uses. Water pollution reduces the
ability of the body of water to provide the ecosystem services that it
would otherwise provide. Water bodies include for
example lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers, reservoirs and groundwater.
Water pollution results when contaminants are introduced into these
water bodies. For example, releasing inadequately
treated wastewater into natural waters can lead to degradation of
these aquatic ecosystems. All plants and organisms living in or being
exposed to polluted water bodies can be impacted. The effects can
damage individual species and impact the natural biological
communities they are part of. Water pollution can also lead to water-
borne diseases for people using polluted water for drinking, bathing,
washing or irrigation.
6.
7. SOIL POLLUTION
Soil pollution is defined as the presence of toxic
chemicals (pollutants or contaminants) in soil, in high
enough concentrations to pose a risk to human health
and/or the ecosystem. In the case of contaminants
which occur naturally in soil, even when their levels
are not high enough to pose a risk, soil pollution is still
said to occur if the levels of the contaminants in soil
exceed the levels that should naturally be present.
8.
9. RADIOACTIVE POLLUTION
The radioactive pollution is defined as the physical pollution of
living organisms and their environment as a result of release of
radioactive substances into the environment during nuclear
explosions and testing of nuclear weapons, nuclear weapon
production and decommissioning, mining of radioactive ores,
handling and disposal of radioactive waste, and accidents at
nuclear power plants. Nuclear tests are carried out to determine
the effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability of nuclear
weapons. The proportion of radioactive pollution is 15% of the
total energy of the explosion. Radioactive pollution of water,
water sources, and air space is the result of radioactive fallout
from the cloud of a nuclear explosion. Radio nuclides are the
main sources of pollution; they emit beta particles and gamma
rays, radioactive substances.
10.
11. NOISE POLUUTION
Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or
sound pollution, is the propagation of noise with ranging
impacts on the activity of human or animal life, most of
them harmful to a degree. The source of outdoor noise
worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport, and
propagation systems. Poor urban planning may give rise to
noise disintegration or pollution, side-by-side industrial
and residential buildings can result in noise pollution in
the residential areas. Some of the main sources of noise in
residential areas include loud music, transportation(traffic,
rail, airplanes, etc.), lawn care maintenance, construction,
electrical generators, wind turbines, explosions, and
people.
