3. What is passive responsibility?
● Passive responsibility is relevant after a disaster has occured.
● Your actions resulted in a disaster, this is the accountability.
● Being accountable does not imply that you are blameworthy.
● Blameworthy means that you can be held responsible for your actions.
5. Wrongdoing
● You have a norm.
● A norm could be a moral or legal norm.
● You broke the norm or did something that is clearly wrong.
● As such you did a wrongdoing.
6. Causal contribution
● If your action caused some bad consequences, then that is causal contribution.
● This condition assumes that your action contributed to the consequence, or
maybe your inaction contributed to the result.
7. Foreseeability
● Your actions have consequences, so being acquainted with them is important.
● A person with a responsibility must try to predict the outcome due to some
wrongdoing.
● You can’t be held responsible for an outcome that is completely unexpected.
8. Freedom of action
● Your action must be free of any external influence.
● This means that you were not coerced, illegally influenced, advice etc.
● If you were manipulated then you could be held responsible to a lesser degree.
12. ● On march 23rd it was high wind condition.
● Most of the ship would stop and not enter into the canal.
● Cost of ship with cargo around 1B$.
● Business pressure to deliver cargo on time to Port of Rotterdam.
● Two pilots who know the canal were called on ship to guide it through canal.
● Ship was crashed on 23rd of March and on 29th March the ship was rescued.
● Suez canal operates $ 5.1B of cargo everyday.
13. Applying Conditions of Responsibility
● Wrongdoing
○ Failure to navigate the ship through the canal
● Causal Contribution
○ The captain decided to enter the canal in difficult weather conditions and following the advice
of the pilots
○ The pilots’ behavior and reputation caused a tense situation and ultimately gave the advice
that caused the captain to lose control of the ship
○ The Suez Canal Authority (SCA) should ensure the pilots are properly trained and give the
right advice
14. Applying Conditions of Responsibility cont.
● Foreseeability
○ Experienced captain who understood the risks of navigating the canal given the high winds
○ The pilots should be informed about how to properly navigate a large ship through the canal
○ The SCA should know that incompetent/ poorly trained pilots would lead to mistakes
● Freedom to act
○ The captain faced significant financial pressure to deliver the goods on time
○ The pilots and SCA were free to act
15. Discussion Questions
● Do you agree with our application of the four conditions of
responsibility to each party? Why or Why not?
● The SCA claims the Evergreen company and Ever given
crew are solely responsible for this accident. Using the
four conditions of responsibility do you agree or not?
● Are there some involved parties that are more responsible
than others?
