ETL Testing.pdf

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ETL Testing Training from Magnitia helps you to learn a step-by-step process that includes ETL Testing introduction, difference between OLAP and OLTP, RDBM, learning data warehousing concepts, its workflow, difference between data warehouse testing and database testing, deploying SQL for checking data and the basis for Business Intelligence. As a part of ETL Testing Training, you will be exposed to real-life industry scenarios which give you in-depth understanding of Data warehousing and concepts of business intelligence. ETL testing course will help you to become a successful ETL Testing expert. Aspirants who are interested can attend our ETL Testing training in Hyderabad, or you can take our ETL Testing online training.

Education

ETL Testing
Day-1
Data Sources
! Databases
! Files
Database Management Systems
! What is DBMS?
! Characteristics of DBMS.
! Normalization
! 1NF,2NF, 3NF
! Metadata
Data ModellingER Models
! Relational Model
! Dimensional Model
! Star Schema
! Snowflake Schema
! Fact constellation schema
Data ware house concepts
! What is Data ware house?
Facts
Dimensions
! Characteristics of Data ware house.
! Data ware house applications.
! Data staging and DataMart
! Difference between DataMart and Data
ware house.
! Data ware house Architecture
Types and components.
! Enterprise data ware house
! Single Department Data
! Multi-tiered Data ware house
Slowly changing Dimensions
! SCD- Type-1
! SCD- Type-2
! SCD- Type-3
! SCD- Type-0
Day-2
SQL Basics
! Data Definition Language
! Data Manipulation Language
! Data Control Language
! Schemas, Tables, Rows and Columns.
Constraints
Primary Key
Unique Not Null
Check
Default
! Set Operators
Union
Union All
Difference between Union and Union All
Except or Minus Query
Intersect
! Sub Queries
! Group by and Having
! Rank and Partition functions.
! Views and Temporary tables
! Joins
Inner Join
Left outer Join
Right outer Join
Self-Joino
! Date functions
Cast and Convert
! Case statement
! ETL Process
Extract
Transform
Load
ETL Vs ELT
ETL Vs Database
ETL tools
! Informatica
! Data stage
! ETL tools Vs BI tools

Day-3
Introduction to ETL tool – Informatica
! Informatica Powercenter Designer
Source Qualifier
Source Definition
Target Definition
Import Source and Target definitions
! Informatica Powercenter Workflow
Manager
Task
Session
Workflow
!Informatica Powercenter Workflow Monitor
Session log / Error log
! How to create a simple mapping?
! What is a transformation?
Overview of Transformation.
! Expression Transformation
! Filter Transformation
! Router Transformation
! Aggregator Transformation
! Joiner Transformation
Homogeneous Transformations
! Database to Database
Heterogeneous Transformations
! Database and Flat files
Master Outer
Detail Outer
Source Qualifier
Day-4
! SDLC and Testing Life Cycle
! ETL Testing Technologies and Test
Techniques
! Null check
! Duplicate check
! Data Quality Checks
! Constraint checks
! Precision checks
! Rounding checks
ETL Testing Activities
Phases of ETL Testing
! Staging database validations
Structure validations (Table to Table or
File to table)
Data validation using Data sampling
! Integration database validations
Structure validations (Table to Table)
Data validation (Using Except query or
Minus queries)
! Target validations
Structure validations (Table to Table for
disparate sources)
Data validation using Data sampling
Data sampling techniques
! ETL Testing Challenges
! Types of ETL testing
! Types of Projects
! Create a sample mapping using all
the transformations (Hands on) and
validating the data through sql queries
304 & 305, Paradigm SSS Square, Kothaguda X Roads, Opp to AMB Cinemas, Hyderabad - 500 081.
+91 6309 16 16 16 | info@magnitia.com | www.magnitia.com

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In today’s fast-paced business landscape, the integration of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems with third-party platforms is a critical component for ensuring seamless operations and maintaining a unified view of customer interactions. However, navigating the process of testing CRM integration with third-party systems is not without its challenges. In this article, we will delve into these challenges and explore effective ways to address them. Understanding CRM Integration CRM integration involves connecting a CRM system with various third-party applications or software to enable a smooth exchange of information and data. This connectivity ensures that customer data and interactions stored within the CRM are accessible and usable in other business areas, such as marketing or sales tools. This seamless communication is crucial for providing superior customer service and avoiding data fragmentation across different systems. Challenges in Testing CRM Integration Data Accuracy and Quality Data is the lifeblood of effective decision-making in any organization. One of the primary challenges in testing CRM integration is ensuring the accuracy and quality of data exchanged between systems. Data discrepancies between the CRM and third-party systems can occur due to inconsistent formats or outdated information. To address this issue, businesses should implement data validation processes, data cleansing procedures, and regular audits to maintain data accuracy. Compatibility Issues Compatibility issues can often be a stumbling block in the CRM integration process. These issues can arise from disparities in data formats, protocols, or system requirements. Thorough compatibility testing is essential to uncover potential points of conflict or incompatibility, enabling timely adjustments. Staying updated on compatibility standards and technologies is also vital to ensure long-term integration success. Security Concerns Security is paramount in CRM integration. Ensuring data security during testing involves examining how sensitive information is handled and transmitted between the CRM and third-party systems. Implementing robust security measures, including encryption protocols, access controls, secure authentication methods, and regular security updates, is crucial to safeguard customer data. Overcoming Challenges To overcome these challenges effectively, consider the following best practices: Testing Environments and Staging Create realistic testing environments that mirror actual operational conditions. Simulating real-world scenarios allows businesses to identify and address integration issues before they impact day-to-day operations. Automation in Integration Testing Leverage test automation tools to streamline the testing process, reduce human error, and ensure rapid test execution, comprehensive coverage, and repeatability.

Navigating Challenges in Testing CRM Integration with Third-Party Systems

AnanthReddy38

In the world of software development, testing stands as the guardian of quality, the gatekeeper that ensures applications meet user expectations. However, the path to successful testing is riddled with pitfalls that can lead to delayed releases, frustrated teams, and disappointed users. In this article, we will shine a light on some of the most common software testing pitfalls and provide guidance on how to avoid them. Pitfall 1: Insufficient Test Planning The Trap: Rushing into Testing One of the most common pitfalls in testing is inadequate test planning. Skipping or rushing through this crucial step can lead to confusion, missed requirements, and poorly defined test cases. The Solution: Comprehensive Test Planning To avoid this pitfall, invest time in thorough test planning. Start by understanding the project’s objectives, defining test goals, and establishing clear test objectives. Develop a test strategy and create detailed test plans that cover scope, resources, schedules, and responsibilities. Involve stakeholders in the planning process to ensure alignment with project goals. Pitfall 2: Neglecting Test Data The Trap: Overlooking Data Needs Test data is the lifeblood of testing. Neglecting to plan and manage test data can result in incomplete testing, inaccurate results, and overlooked defects. The Solution: Data Management Strategy Create a data management strategy that outlines data requirements for each test case. Ensure data availability, quality, and security. Implement data masking or anonymization techniques to protect sensitive information. Automate data provisioning to streamline testing processes and minimize data-related bottlenecks. Pitfall 3: Inadequate Test Case Design The Trap: Shallow Test Cases Weak test case design can lead to superficial testing that misses critical scenarios and defects. Test cases should thoroughly cover application functionality, including edge cases and error conditions. The Solution: Effective Test Case Design Invest time in creating well-defined test cases. Utilize techniques like boundary value analysis, equivalence partitioning, and decision tables to identify test scenarios. Ensure test cases are clear, detailed, and cover positive and negative scenarios. Collaborate with development and business teams to validate test case completeness. Pitfall 4: Manual Testing Overload The Trap: Overreliance on Manual Testing Relying solely on manual testing for repetitive and time-consuming tasks can hinder testing efficiency. Manual testing is prone to human error and is often less efficient for regression testing. The Solution: Test Automation Leverage test automation to increase testing efficiency and coverage. Automate repetitive test cases, regression tests, and smoke tests. Select appropriate test automation tools and frameworks and ensure regular maintenance to keep automated tests up to date. Pitfall 5: Inadequate Regression Testing The Trap: Neglecting Regression Testing

Navigating the Software Testing Maze: Avoiding Common Pitfalls

AnanthReddy38

In the realm of modern cloud applications, Web APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) serve as the backbone, enabling communication and interaction between various components. For testing these web and mobile applications, Selenium stands out as a prominent test automation tool. But a common question arises: “Can Selenium be used for API testing?” In this article, we delve into the possibilities and limitations of utilizing Selenium for API testing. Can You Use Selenium for API Testing? In a nutshell, the quick answer is no. API testing possesses unique requirements and intricacies, and there are dedicated tools designed explicitly for this purpose, such as RestAssured, JMeter, and BlazeMeter. These tools were meticulously crafted with the specific demands of API testing and automation in mind, making them the optimal choice for such tasks. It’s important to note that Selenium’s primary function is browser automation, as the tool’s website itself states, “Selenium automates browsers.” While the term “WebDriver” is somewhat ambiguous, encompassing both APIs and front-end operations, its primary focus remains on browser automation. The tendency to default to Selenium for API testing often stems from a lack of familiarity with alternative tools. Education and training can guide testing teams in the right direction, helping them avoid unnecessary testing complexities. Goals of API Automation Testing Before understanding why Selenium is unsuitable for API testing, it’s crucial to grasp the fundamental objectives of API automation testing. These include: Verification of API Functionality: Ensuring that various APIs within a software system are functioning correctly. Data Examination: Analyzing data returned by an API, including elements like HTTP response codes and response bodies to validate correctness across various inputs. Header and Parameter Manipulation: Modifying HTTP request headers and parameters and validating the results. Parameter Variation: Testing the API with a range of valid and invalid parameter values in POST requests. HTTP Method Testing: Calling different HTTP methods (e.g., GET, PUT, POST, DELETE) on a given API URL. Edge Case Validation: Confirming that an API responds correctly even in edge-case scenarios. Rapid Testing: Running tests frequently and swiftly, either manually or through continuous integration pipelines to ensure product quality. Efficient Debugging: Minimizing debugging efforts by identifying issues closer to their root causes. Early Testing: Conducting tests at an early development stage, even when the UI is unavailable. Automated Documentation: Automatically generating API documentation from API specifications. What Makes Selenium Unsuitable for API Testing? Several substantial shortcomings make Selenium an unsuitable choice for API testing: Website-Centric Focus: Selenium excels in testing complete web pages, not individual APIs.

Selenium API Testing.pdf

AnanthReddy38

In today’s rapidly evolving software landscape, organizations are making the shift towards microservices architecture for its promise of agility, scalability, and faster time-to-market. This transition, however, comes with the critical need for robust microservices testing to ensure quality and reliability. In this article, we delve into the lowdown on microservices testing, exploring its challenges, benefits, types of tests, and essential tools for success in this domain. Understanding Microservices Testing Microservices testing is a specialized approach aimed at validating the performance, functionality, and resilience of individual microservices within a broader microservices architecture, as well as the system as a whole. The core distinction lies in the loosely-coupled and distributed nature of microservices, necessitating a testing strategy that accommodates the isolated testing of each service. Microservices Testing Types Unit Testing: This type of testing is the most granular and focuses on verifying the smallest components in isolation, such as individual methods or functions within a microservice. Integration Testing: It checks the interactions between different services or layers within a service to ensure they work harmoniously. Functional Testing: This assesses whether the system aligns with the specified requirements and functions as expected. End-to-End Testing: This comprehensive test validates the entire system, often leveraging automated tools to simulate real user interactions. Performance Testing: It evaluates the system’s responsiveness and stability under various load conditions. Security Testing: This critical aspect ensures there are no vulnerabilities in the microservices or their interactions. Contract Testing: It guarantees that different services adhere to predetermined contracts or specifications. Challenges in Microservices Testing Testing microservices brings its share of challenges: Isolating Services: The interconnected nature of microservices can make it challenging to isolate a single service for testing, as they often depend on other services. End-to-End Testing Complexity: The numerous interactions between services can make end-to-end testing cumbersome and prone to errors. Version Control: Coordinating testing with multiple services frequently updated independently can be complex and time-consuming. Tool Selection: The availability of various microservices testing tools requires careful consideration to select the most appropriate ones for different use cases. Resource-Intensive: Without a well-planned process, microservices testing can be laborious and expensive. Lack of Visibility: The distributed nature of microservices often means developers and testers lack full visibility into all services and their interactions, making monitoring and testing challenging. Inefficient Debugging: Identifying root causes of issues can be challenging due to the intricacies and distributed nature of microservices.

Navigating the World of Microservices Testing.pdf

AnanthReddy38

Ensuring the proper functionality of your website or application is imperative in the world of software development. There are numerous methods to achieve this, and one compelling approach is through the use of Java-based scrapers. In this article, we will explore what web scraping is, how Java scrapers can streamline testing, and the steps to implement them. Understanding Web Scraping: A First Step Web scraping involves the extraction of data from websites, much like a robot copying information from virtual pages. The purpose of web scraping varies, ranging from data analysis and machine learning projects to competitor monitoring. Now that we’ve grasped the basics of web scraping, let’s delve into how Java-based scrapers can enhance testing. Java-Based Scrapers for Efficient Testing: An Introduction Java-based scrapers offer a dynamic environment for efficient data extraction, making them an excellent choice for testing purposes. Java boasts extensive libraries and scalability, allowing the handling of large volumes of data with ease. By creating Java scripts that automate this process, you can save time and ensure precise, high-quality output. How to Implement a Java Scraper? Implementing Java scrapers may initially seem intimidating, but with the right guidance, it can be mastered quickly. A valuable resource for learning web scraping with Java is ZenRows’ guide, which provides detailed instructions and practical examples. Here are the steps to get you started: Set Up Your Development Environment: Install the latest JDK (Java Development Kit) and an IDE (Integrated Development Environment) like Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA. Selecting Libraries: Choose powerful libraries such as Jsoup, HtmlUnit, or Selenium WebDriver for parsing HTML into manageable elements. Write Your First Script: Begin with simple scripts for basic tasks, gradually increasing complexity. Testing & Debugging: Always test your code promptly to identify and resolve potential issues. Remember that practice makes perfect, so continue honing your skills. Thorough Testing of Your Website With Java Scraping Tools Now that you are familiar with Java scraping, it’s time to use these tools to thoroughly test your website. A well-tested website ensures a smoother user experience and fewer common bugs. Here’s how to approach this: Understand the Test Scope: Identify areas of the site that require in-depth examination, such as functionality, performance under traffic load, and security features. Develop a Test Case: Write scripts focusing on specific test cases based on identified scopes. Data Extraction & Validation: Use scraper tools to extract data from web pages, then validate if the information matches expected results. Repetition and Scalability Tests: Run repeated tests to ensure efficiency under various scenarios as websites evolve over time. Following these steps will enhance the reliability and credibility of your web application.

Enhancing Website and Application Testing with Java Scrapers.pdf

AnanthReddy38

Test automation can be a game-changer for organizations striving to enhance their software development processes. However, despite its potential benefits, many teams encounter challenges that prevent them from fully realizing the value of test automation. In this article, we’ll explore five common reasons why test automation can fail and offer recommendations to overcome these obstacles. 1. Consumers of Test Results How they should be using test results: Developers and testers should promptly consume test results and prioritize resolving any failures. Test automation should provide insights into system health and identify issues in functional components and user journeys. Symptoms to look out for: Development teams ignore test results, rendering them ineffective. Recommendation: If your team isn’t actively using test results, pause automation efforts and address the underlying issues causing this disengagement. Effective communication and understanding of the value of test results are crucial to avoid building unnecessary features. 2. Creation of Test Data How data should be used: Automated tests should generate and manage their own data, ensuring independence and repeatability. Team members should have the ability to create test data easily, even for complex data structures. Symptoms to look out for: Tests rely on specific database states, limiting portability, and teams perceive test failures as script issues rather than application defects. Recommendation: Invest in creating easily accessible test data, supporting various scenarios and maturity levels. Consider solutions like data-as-a-service, as exemplified by Wotif, to streamline data creation, even in complex ecosystems. 3. Metrics for Test Automation What it should measure: Metrics should measure valuable outcomes and guide decision-making. Examples include feedback time and code coverage. Symptoms to look out for: Using incorrect metrics, such as focusing solely on test coverage, leading to a bloated and inefficient automation suite. Recommendation: Utilize meaningful metrics like feedback time and code coverage judiciously. High code coverage is desirable, but it should be balanced with test quality. Analyze low coverage areas to understand the reasons behind them and take targeted actions. 4. Test Environments What they should allow you to do: Test environments should enable quick identification of issues, their root causes, and rapid validation of fixes. Symptoms to look out for: Shared, unreliable test environments that erode trust in automation results, and manual setup of environments. Recommendation: Control change by breaking down the path to production into incremental steps with frequent deployments. This reduces the complexity of identifying issues and accelerates fixes, bolstering trust in the testing process.

5 Reasons Why Test Automation Can Fail.pdf

AnanthReddy38

In the world of software development and software testing plays a critical role in ensuring the quality and reliability of a product. Three popular methodologies that emphasize testing throughout the development process are Test-Driven Development (TDD), Behavior-Driven Development (BDD), and Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD). While these methodologies are primarily associated with developers, testers also have a crucial role to play in their successful implementation. In this article, we will explore how testers are involved in TDD, BDD, and ATDD techniques. Test-Driven Development (TDD) TDD is a development methodology where tests are written before the actual code. The process follows a simple cycle: write a failing test, write the code to make the test pass, and refactor as needed. Testers can contribute to TDD in the following ways: a. Collaborative Test Design: Testers collaborate with developers to design test cases that cover various scenarios, including edge cases and boundary conditions. These tests serve as the foundation for TDD. b. Continuous Testing: Testers ensure that automated tests are executed continuously as developers make code changes. They identify and report any regressions promptly. c. Test Coverage: Testers monitor test coverage to ensure that critical parts of the code are adequately tested. They help identify gaps and areas where additional tests are needed. d. Exploratory Testing: Testers perform exploratory testing to uncover unexpected issues and validate the software’s behavior in real-world scenarios. Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) BDD extends TDD by focusing on the behavior of the software from a user’s perspective. It uses natural language specifications to describe the expected behavior of features. Testers play a significant role in BDD by: a. Collaborative Scenario Writing: Testers work closely with developers and stakeholders to write behavior scenarios using tools like Gherkin. These scenarios serve as living documentation and guide the development process. b. Test Automation: Testers automate BDD scenarios using tools like Cucumber or SpecFlow, ensuring that the behavior described in the scenarios is continually validated as the software evolves. c. Validating Acceptance Criteria: Testers ensure that acceptance criteria are met for each user story or feature. They also verify that the software behaves as expected in different scenarios. d. End-to-End Testing: Testers perform end-to-end testing to validate the entire system’s behavior, focusing on user journeys and interactions. Acceptance Test-Driven Development (ATDD) ATDD bridges the gap between business stakeholders, developers, and testers by defining acceptance criteria and tests upfront. Testers are instrumental in ATDD by: a. Requirement Validation: Testers collaborate with business analysts and stakeholders to ensure that acceptance criteria are clear, unambiguous, and testable.

How Testers Contribute to TDD, BDD, and ATDD Techniques.pdf

AnanthReddy38

In the ever-evolving world of software development, quality assurance and testing play a pivotal role in ensuring that the end product meets the desired standards of functionality, reliability, and performance. One crucial aspect of effective testing is the use of test tools during the test design phase. Test tools, which encompass a wide range of software applications and utilities, facilitate and enhance the testing process in numerous ways. In this article, we’ll explore the reasons why using test tools during test design is not just beneficial but often essential. Efficiency: Test tools streamline the test design process by automating various tasks. For instance, they can generate test cases based on predefined criteria, reducing the manual effort required. This efficiency allows testing teams to create and maintain a comprehensive test suite more quickly, saving valuable time and resources. Consistency: Human errors are inevitable, but test tools can help minimize them. Test tools ensure that test cases are designed consistently, adhering to established testing standards and guidelines. This consistency is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the testing process and making it easier to identify and address issues. Reusability: Test tools enable the creation of reusable test assets, such as test scripts, test data, and test scenarios. These assets can be leveraged across different testing phases and projects, reducing redundancy and promoting a more efficient and cost-effective testing approach. Complexity Handling: In modern software applications, the complexity of testing requirements has increased significantly. Test tools can handle complex scenarios, including data-driven testing, cross-browser testing, and performance testing, which would be impractical or time-consuming to execute manually. Traceability: Test tools offer built-in traceability features, allowing testers to link test cases to specific requirements and track the coverage of those requirements. This ensures that all functional aspects of the software are thoroughly tested and helps demonstrate compliance with project specifications. Reporting and Documentation: Test tools generate detailed test reports automatically, providing stakeholders with clear insights into the testing process and results. These reports can be valuable for decision-making, audit purposes, and demonstrating compliance with industry standards and regulations. Test Data Management: Managing test data can be a challenging task, especially when dealing with large datasets or sensitive information. Test tools often include features for efficient test data management, allowing testers to create, import, and manipulate test data easily while maintaining data privacy and security. Regression Testing: Continuous integration and frequent code changes require frequent regression testing.

Why Use Test Tools During Test Design.pdf

AnanthReddy38

In today’s fast-paced software development landscape, agility is key. Agile methodologies have revolutionized the way software is built and delivered, allowing teams to respond quickly to changing requirements and customer feedback. Test automation plays a pivotal role in enabling agility by ensuring rapid and reliable testing processes. However, implementing efficient test automation in the Agile world requires a thoughtful approach. In this article, we will explore the best practices and strategies for achieving this goal. Understanding Agile and Test Automation Before delving into the specifics of implementing test automation in Agile, it’s essential to understand the core principles of both Agile and test automation. Agile Development is an iterative and incremental approach to software development that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and customer-centricity. It focuses on delivering small, functional increments of software, known as “user stories” or “features,” in short timeframes called “sprints.” Test Automation involves using automated testing tools and scripts to perform repetitive and time-consuming test activities, such as regression testing, load testing, and functional testing. Test automation aims to increase testing efficiency, accuracy, and speed while reducing manual effort. Challenges in Implementing Test Automation in Agile Continuous Change: Agile projects are characterized by changing requirements and frequent updates. This dynamic environment can pose challenges for maintaining automated test scripts, as they may become obsolete quickly. Time Constraints: Agile emphasizes short development cycles. This means that testing needs to keep up with the pace of development, requiring automation to be both efficient and effective. Collaboration: Agile teams rely on close collaboration between developers, testers, and other stakeholders. Effective communication and collaboration are essential to ensure that automated tests align with the project’s goals. Best Practices for Efficient Test Automation in Agile 1. Start Early Begin test automation efforts as soon as possible in the project lifecycle. Test automation should be an integral part of the development process from the beginning. This ensures that automated tests can evolve alongside the application, adapting to changing requirements. 2. Select the Right Tools Choose test automation tools that are well-suited for Agile development. Tools like Selenium, Appium, and JUnit are popular choices because of their flexibility and compatibility with Agile practices. Additionally, consider tools that offer collaboration features and integrate easily with your development environment. 3. Test Automation Pyramid Adhere to the Test Automation Pyramid concept, which suggests a hierarchy of test automation levels: unit testing, integration testing, and UI testing.

How To Implement Efficient Test Automation In The Agile World.pdf

AnanthReddy38

1.What is Selenium? Selenium is an open-source tool used for automating web browsers. 2. What are the components of Selenium? Selenium has three components: Selenium WebDriver, Selenium IDE, and Selenium Grid. 3.What is the difference between Selenium WebDriver and Selenium IDE? Selenium WebDriver is a programming interface used to create and run test cases. Selenium IDE is a record and playback tool used to create test cases. 4.What programming languages are supported by Selenium? Selenium supports a variety of programming languages, including Java, Python, Ruby, C#, and JavaScript. 5.What is the use of the Selenium WebDriver? Selenium WebDriver is used to create and run test cases on web browsers. 6.What is a locators in Selenium? Locators are used to identify elements on a web page in Selenium. Some commonly used locators include ID, Name, Class Name, CSS Selector, and Xpath. 7.What is an Xpath? Xpath is a language used to locate elements on a web page in Selenium. It stands for XML Path Language. 8.What are the advantages of using Selenium? Selenium is open-source, supports multiple programming languages, can run on multiple browsers, and can automate web applications. 9.What are the disadvantages of using Selenium? Selenium can be slow and unstable at times, and it requires a good understanding of programming languages. 10.What is the difference between findElement and findElements in Selenium WebDriver? findElement returns the first matching element on a web page, while findElements returns a list of all matching elements. 11.How do you handle dynamic elements in Selenium? Dynamic elements can be handled using wait commands, such as implicit wait, explicit wait, and fluent wait. 12.How do you handle pop-ups and alerts in Selenium? Pop-ups and alerts can be handled using the switchTo() method in Selenium. 13.What is a Selenium Grid? Selenium Grid is a tool used to run Selenium tests on multiple machines at the same time. 14.What is a Selenium IDE? Selenium IDE is a record and playback tool used to create test cases for web applications. 15.How do you run Selenium tests in different browsers? Selenium tests can be run in different browsers using the WebDriver object and the desired capabilities. 16.How do you select a value from a dropdown in Selenium? Dropdowns can be selected using the Select class in Selenium. 17.What is a headless browser in Selenium? A headless browser is a browser that runs in the background without a user interface. It is used for automated testing and web scraping. 18.How do you take a screenshot in Selenium? Screenshots can be taken using the TakesScreenshot interface in Selenium. 19.How do you handle frames in Selenium? Frames can be handled using the switchTo() method in Selenium. 20.How do you handle multiple windows in Selenium? Multiple windows can be handled using the getWindowHandles() method in Selenium.

25 Top Selenium Interview Questions and Answers for 2023.ppt.pptx

AnanthReddy38

What is Java? Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language known for its platform independence and ability to run on various devices and operating systems. Explain Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts. OOP concepts include encapsulation, inheritance, abstraction, and polymorphism, which allow you to structure and organize code efficiently. What is the difference between int and Integer in Java? int is a primitive data type, while Integer is a wrapper class for the int primitive type, allowing it to be used in object-oriented contexts. What is the significance of the static keyword? static is used to define a class-level variable or method that belongs to the class rather than instances of the class. It can be accessed using the class name. Explain the final keyword. The final keyword is used to make a variable, method, or class unchangeable or unextendable. A final variable cannot be reassigned, a final method cannot be overridden, and a final class cannot be extended. What is method overloading and method overriding? Method overloading involves creating multiple methods in the same class with the same name but different parameters. Method overriding occurs when a subclass provides a specific implementation for a method defined in its superclass. What is the this keyword used for? The ‘this’ keyword refers to the current instance of a class and can be used to differentiate between instance variables and method parameters with the same name. Explain the concept of exception handling in Java. Exception handling is the process of dealing with runtime errors in a program. Java provides try, catch, finally, and throw keywords to manage exceptions. What is the difference between == and .equals() in Java? == compares object references, while .equals() compares the content or values of objects. What is a constructor? A constructor is a special method that is called when an object of a class is created. It initializes the object’s state. What is a package in Java? A package is a collection of related classes and interfaces that are bundled together for organization and management. Explain the concept of method visibility (access modifiers). Access modifiers (e.g., public, private, protected, package-private) define the level of visibility a class, method, or field has within the same class, package, or subclasses. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList? ArrayList is implemented as a dynamic array, while LinkedList is implemented as a doubly-linked list. ArrayList offers better performance for random access, while LinkedList is better for frequent insertions and deletions. How does garbage collection work in Java? Garbage collection automatically reclaims memory used by objects that are no longer referenced by the program. The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) handles this process.

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Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024

Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro

𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝐎𝐮𝐭𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬: -Discern accommodations and modifications within inclusive classroom environments, distinguishing between their respective roles and applications. -Through critical analysis of hypothetical scenarios, learners will adeptly select appropriate accommodations and modifications, honing their ability to foster an inclusive learning environment for students with disabilities or unique challenges.

Understanding Accommodations and Modifications

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Mehran University Newsletter Vol-X, Issue-I, 2024

Understanding Accommodations and Modifications

FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024

Holdier Curriculum Vitae (April 2024).pdf

Introduction to Nonprofit Accounting: The Basics

ETL Testing.pdf

1. ETL Testing Day-1 Data Sources ! Databases ! Files Database Management Systems ! What is DBMS? ! Characteristics of DBMS. ! Normalization ! 1NF,2NF, 3NF ! Metadata Data ModellingER Models ! Relational Model ! Dimensional Model ! Star Schema ! Snowflake Schema ! Fact constellation schema Data ware house concepts ! What is Data ware house? Facts Dimensions ! Characteristics of Data ware house. ! Data ware house applications. ! Data staging and DataMart ! Difference between DataMart and Data ware house. ! Data ware house Architecture Types and components. ! Enterprise data ware house ! Single Department Data ! Multi-tiered Data ware house Slowly changing Dimensions ! SCD- Type-1 ! SCD- Type-2 ! SCD- Type-3 ! SCD- Type-0 Day-2 SQL Basics ! Data Definition Language ! Data Manipulation Language ! Data Control Language ! Schemas, Tables, Rows and Columns. Constraints Primary Key Unique Not Null Check Default ! Set Operators Union Union All Difference between Union and Union All Except or Minus Query Intersect ! Sub Queries ! Group by and Having ! Rank and Partition functions. ! Views and Temporary tables ! Joins Inner Join Left outer Join Right outer Join Self-Joino ! Date functions Cast and Convert ! Case statement ! ETL Process Extract Transform Load ETL Vs ELT ETL Vs Database ETL tools ! Informatica ! Data stage ! ETL tools Vs BI tools

2. Day-3 Introduction to ETL tool – Informatica ! Informatica Powercenter Designer Source Qualifier Source Definition Target Definition Import Source and Target definitions ! Informatica Powercenter Workflow Manager Task Session Workflow !Informatica Powercenter Workflow Monitor Session log / Error log ! How to create a simple mapping? ! What is a transformation? Overview of Transformation. ! Expression Transformation ! Filter Transformation ! Router Transformation ! Aggregator Transformation ! Joiner Transformation Homogeneous Transformations ! Database to Database Heterogeneous Transformations ! Database and Flat files Master Outer Detail Outer Source Qualifier Day-4 ! SDLC and Testing Life Cycle ! ETL Testing Technologies and Test Techniques ! Null check ! Duplicate check ! Data Quality Checks ! Constraint checks ! Precision checks ! Rounding checks ETL Testing Activities Phases of ETL Testing ! Staging database validations Structure validations (Table to Table or File to table) Data validation using Data sampling ! Integration database validations Structure validations (Table to Table) Data validation (Using Except query or Minus queries) ! Target validations Structure validations (Table to Table for disparate sources) Data validation using Data sampling Data sampling techniques ! ETL Testing Challenges ! Types of ETL testing ! Types of Projects ! Create a sample mapping using all the transformations (Hands on) and validating the data through sql queries 304 & 305, Paradigm SSS Square, Kothaguda X Roads, Opp to AMB Cinemas, Hyderabad - 500 081. +91 6309 16 16 16 | info@magnitia.com | www.magnitia.com

ETL Testing.pdf

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