The history of computers is a story of continuous innovation, from the earliest mechanical devices to the advanced technologies of today, shaping the way we live, work, and connect with the world.

1. HISTORY OF COMPUTER
Abhishek Sonker

2. Early Calculators (Abacus to Pascaline):
★ The history of computing begins with tools like the abacus, which was used for
basic arithmetic thousands of years ago.
★ In the 17th century, the Pascaline, an early mechanical calculator, was invented by
Blaise Pascal.
Analytical Engine and Charles Babbage:
★ In the 19th century, Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine, considered
the first general-purpose mechanical computer.
★ Ada Lovelace, an early computer programmer, wrote algorithms for this machine.

3. Mechanical and Electromechanical Computers:
★ The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw the development of various mechanical
and electromechanical computers.
★ Examples include the Tabulating Machine by Herman Hollerith, which was used
for the U.S. Census, and the Z3, an early electromechanical computer developed
by Konrad Zuse in Germany.
Electronic Computers and ENIAC:
★ The true electronic computer era began with the construction of ENIAC
(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) in the 1940s.
★ ENIAC was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer and marked a
significant breakthrough in computing technology.

4. Transistors and Integrated Circuits:
★ The invention of transistors in the 1950s revolutionized computing by making
computers smaller, more reliable, and more powerful.
★ Integrated circuits (microchips) were developed in the 1960s, further
miniaturizing and enhancing computer capabilities.
The Personal Computer Revolution:
★ The 1970s and 1980s saw the emergence of personal computers (PCs) like the
Apple II and IBM PC, making computing accessible to individuals.

5. Internet and World Wide Web:
The 1990s brought the internet and the World Wide Web, transforming how people
communicate, access information, and conduct business.
Mobile and Smart Devices:
The 21st century saw the rise of smartphones and tablets, becoming ubiquitous for
communication and computing

6. Cloud Computing and AI:
Cloud computing allows access to powerful remote servers, while artificial intelligence
(AI) applications have made computers capable of complex tasks like speech
recognition and image analysis.
Quantum Computing (Emerging):
Quantum computing, still in its early stages, holds the promise of solving problems
that are currently beyond the capabilities of classical computers.