pdf

1. :‫ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺒﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫أﺣﻤـﺪ‬ ‫زﻫﻴــﺮ‬ .‫د‬ .‫أ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫زﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮ‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ .‫د‬
:‫ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺒﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫أﺣﻤـﺪ‬ ‫زﻫﻴــﺮ‬ .‫د‬ .‫أ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫زﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺮ‬ ‫أﺑﻮ‬ .‫د‬
(١٠) ‫واﻟﺤﻴﺎة‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ا
ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬

4. 4
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
`g1436,᫪æà∏d»YÉÑ°ùdGá°ù°SDƒe ì
ô°ûædGAÉæKCGá«æWƒdGó¡a∂∏ŸGáÑàμeá°Sô¡a
º°S24*17,¢U224
:∂eOQ
:´GójE’GºbQ
:∂eOQ
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﳌﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﳏﻔﻮﻇﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﴩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ‬
‫ﻡ‬ ٢٠١٥ – ‫ﻫـ‬ ١٤٣٦
‫ﻟﻠﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ‬ - ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﻟﴩﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﳌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬

5. 5

6. ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬،‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻟﴩﻛﺎﺕ‬،‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﻧﻊ‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬‫ﺑﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﲈﻡ‬
‫ﺭﺃﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﰐ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﴐﻭﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺠﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺧﻄﻂ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ .‫ﳎﺘﻤﻊ‬ ￯‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻋﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻴﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺧﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫»ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺩﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺒﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺠﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫»ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻹﺧﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺣﺎﻓﺰ‬ «‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﺭﺳﻴﺔ‬
.«‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬
‫ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺀ‬ ‫ﺫﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺩﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻨﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﻭﻗﻮﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﴫﻑ‬ ،‫ﺣﺪﻭﺛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺍﻋﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬
:‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﳖﺎﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺎﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ .١
‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‬

7. .‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺪﺍﺑﲑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﲥﻴﺌﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ .٣
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺧﺬﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﳚﺎﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﺱ‬ .٤
.‫ﻛﻔﺎﺀﲥﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ .٥
.‫ﺍﻟﴬﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺧﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻢ‬ .٦
.‫ﻭﻗﻮﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺯﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ .٧
‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﱰﺳﻴﺦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﲠﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﺟﻮ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻔﺎن‬

8. ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬‫ﻭﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬‫ﺃﻣﻦ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﺑﺎﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬‫ﳞﺘﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬:‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬‫ﻳﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺒﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﻓﲑ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﻭﺯﺍﺋﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﻧﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﻓﻌﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬،‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬‫ﳎﺎﻻﺕ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻛﺜﲑ‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﴍﻭﻃﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻏﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻄﺮﺩ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﺗﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻮﺭﻧﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺠﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴩﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﲬﺴﺔ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﺗﺮﻛﺰ‬‫ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬‫ﻛﲈ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﴩﻳﻌﺔ‬.‫ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺓ‬‫ﺑﺪﻓﻊ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﻣﻨﻔﻌﺔ‬‫ﺑﺠﻠﺐ‬‫ﺇﻣﺎ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬
‫ﻭﺍﳌﺎﻝ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ‬‫ﺣﻔﻆ‬:‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺍﳋﻤﺲ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﴬﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬‫ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺔ‬‫ﻋﻨﺎﴏ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﲤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴩﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺍﻋﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴬﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺴﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ .‫ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﲈﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺬﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﺶ‬
.‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻮﺍﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻮﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺯﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﹾﺘﻮﺏ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﳌ‬‫»ﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﻴﻄﺮ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺯﺍﻟﺖ‬
‫ﺪﹸ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﹸﻘﻌ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﹶﻮﺍﻛﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬‫ﺗﺆﺩﻱ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻴﺪﺓ‬‫ﺧﺎﻃﺊ‬‫ﻢ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‬‫ﻣﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬«‫ﺍﻟﻌﲔ‬

9. ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﲆ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﻬﺎﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﲠﻢ‬ ‫ﹸﻮﺩﻱ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺤﺎﲠﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎﳋﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻗﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻄ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﳊ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﴬﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ .« ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﴣ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻻ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﹾﺴ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﹾ‬
‫ﺍﻹ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﻮﺕ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫»ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻘﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﳚﻴﺒﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﴎﻋﺎﻥ‬
.‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻼ‬ ‫ﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﱃ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻧﱰﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﹸﻢ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﺲ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺽ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﹾ‬
‫ﺍﻷ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﹸﻢ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﴐ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺫ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺇ‬‫ﹶ‬‫}ﻭ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻝ‬
‫ﹸﻮﺍ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﹶﺎ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﹶﺎﻓ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺬ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﹸﻢ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﹸﻢ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻔ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺓ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﻼ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻭﺍ‬ ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﴫ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﹲ‬
‫ﹶﺎﺡ‬‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺟ‬
.|‫ﹰﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹶﺪﹸ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﹸﻢ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ﹾ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﺧ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺄ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﹶ‬‫}ﻭ‬ :‫ﻣﺮﺗﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺬﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻖ‬ ‫ﺫﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬
‫ﻮﺍ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﻻ‬‫ﹶ‬‫}ﻭ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﻭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ‬ .|‫ﹾ‬‫ﹸﻢ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫}ﺧ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ |‫ﹾ‬‫ﻢ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻫ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺬ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺣ‬
.‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻼﻙ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﲈ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﲑ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،|‫ﹺ‬‫ﹶﺔ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﱠﻬ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﱃ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﹾ‬‫ﹸﻢ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺄ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﺑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺰﺍﻭﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﲢﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺎﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﲆ‬ .‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺄﻝ‬ ‫ﹾ‬
‫ﺴ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴩﻉ‬

10. ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬
‫ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﻗﺎﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ .١
.‫ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻬﺎﺭﺓ‬.- ‫ﺍﷲ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ - ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ .٢
.‫ﻭﺍﳍﻴﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻋﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺪﻭﺀ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻭﺃﺛﺎﺙ‬‫ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﲢﻮﻳﻪ‬‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬ .٣
.‫ﻟﻠﺤﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﻴﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ .٤
.‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻬﻢ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻔﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ .١
‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬ .٢
.‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﳌﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬
‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬

11. :‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬

12. 12
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﲠﺎ‬‫ﳛﻴﻂ‬‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺘﴫ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﲈﻋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻛﲈ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﻭﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ‬ ￯‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺤﲇ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬
:‫ﻣﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ‬
‫ﻳﺘﺄﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺟﺘﲈﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ :‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ -
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬‫ﺑﲔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎﺕ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬‫ﺍﳉﻴﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ‬:‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬‫ﻋﺪﺓ‬‫ﺑﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬‫ﺳﻠﺒﺎ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺇﳚﺎﺑﺎ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬..‫ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﲈ‬ ،‫ﺃﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻓﻘﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ :‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬..‫ﻭﲡﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬

13. 13
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫اﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬
:‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ￯‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﴍﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬ ،‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﻳﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺍﺀ‬ ￯‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬ .١
.‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﳐﺎﺭﺝ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻓﺊ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻋﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺔ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﻼﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻈﻠﲈﺕ‬ ￯‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﺎﻭ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﺔ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﻵﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ .٥
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺭﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ .٦
:‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺆﴍﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻊ‬‫ﲨﻴ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ -
‫ﲥﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻣﺆﺫﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻛﺮﳞﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻭﺍﺋﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺿﺠﻴﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺰﻋﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬ -
.‫ﻭﺇﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱰﻭﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺮﺍﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺹ‬ ‫ﺇﺗﺎﺣﺔ‬ -
‫ﺑﺄﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﻌﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺘﲈﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻌﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻖ‬ -
.‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺍﲥﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ،‫ﺎﲥﺎ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟ‬ ‫ﲢﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺎﺭﻙ‬ ،‫ﲨﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬

14. 14
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﺑﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
:‫ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺿﺎﺀ‬‫ﺯﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬،‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬‫ﻗﻠﺔ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬‫ﺳﻮﺀ‬:‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﻢ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﹾﺠ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺩﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ .‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺎﻳﻦ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻬﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬
:‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺀ‬ :‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﲨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬ ..‫ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻋﻤﺪﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﺮﻑ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺎﺳﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﳐﺘﱪﺍﺕ‬
:‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺸﺄ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺦ‬ ..‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﺮﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﱂ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬
:‫ﻣﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﳌﺨﺘﱪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺭﺵ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﲈﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﹸﺞ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺗ‬
:‫ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺃﺗﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺃﺑﺨﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻏﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﲈﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﺞ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬‫ﺗﺪﺧﻞ‬.‫ﳍﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬‫ﻭﻣﺪﺓ‬،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰ‬￯‫ﻣﺪ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬‫ﻭﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬.‫ﺭﺫﺍﺫ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﳊﻘﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻠﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻴﻨﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﻠﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻟﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﴎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻌﺘﱪ‬

15. 15
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺻﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
،‫ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﱰﺍﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬
:‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﹺ‬‫ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﲡﻬﻴﺰﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﱰﺍﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬
‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﴫﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬
:‫ﺳﻠﻮﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﹺ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺑﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻛﱰﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﻴﺎﺏ‬

16. 16
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫اﳌﻨﺸﺄة‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻮﻛﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﲑ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻢ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻈ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﲑ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﺼﺖ‬
‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺪﹾ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻬﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻧﲈ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳌﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻴﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺴﲔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﺴﻮﰊ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺟﺬﺑ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .١
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺰﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳛﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ‬‫ﻭﻏﺮﺱ‬،‫ﻭﺍﺟﺘﲈﻋﻴﺎ‬‫ﻭﻧﻔﺴﻴﺎ‬‫ﺑﺪﻧﻴﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﱰﺑﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺫﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٤
16
.‫ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺫﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٤

17. 17
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﻴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬
:‫ﻳﲇ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﱰﺍﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ .١
.‫ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﲈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﻤﻮﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻻ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﳍﺮﻭﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴﺎﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ .٥
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﰲ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﺆﺧﺬ‬ .‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
.‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ .١
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﲣﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺿﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺪ‬ .٢
،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺷﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﻭﺳﻠﺦ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺫﺑﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﲈﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﳎﺎﺭﻱ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﺑﻎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﺎﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٣
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﱰﺍﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻓﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻴﺔ‬

18. 18
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
‫ﻭﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﳊﺎﻓﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٥
.‫ﺑﺎﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺆﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﲏ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﺻﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﲢﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ .٦
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﺷﱰﺍﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻴﻔﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬
.‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬
‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺮﺍﻋﻰ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺳﺪﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﱰﺍﻭﺡ‬
‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺮﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻘﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻼﰲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﲏ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﺒﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬
:‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻠﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳉﺰﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬ ،‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻀﻞ‬
.‫ﺃﻋﻴﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹺ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻻﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﲡﻨﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﲢﺴﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬
‫ﻠﻞ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺯﺟﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳊﺮﺹ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺙ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ .‫ﺇﺿﺎﺀﲥﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﱰﺍﻛﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱰﺍﺏ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻋﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬

19. 19
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬
:‫ﻳﲇ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺇﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﴍﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.‫ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻏﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ .١
‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺴﻴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ .٣
.‫ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﴪﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ‬ .٤
.‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻓﺊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬ .٥

20. 20
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫اﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
،‫ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﺸﻔﻴﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﲣﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﻓﻖ‬
‫ﳏﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬
:‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﺁﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹴ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ .١
‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬
:‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ .١
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﴪﺏ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻻﻧﺰﻻﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺻﻄﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻁ‬ .٥
.‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾ‬ ‫ﺿﻐﻂ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳍﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ‬ .٦
:‫ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻـﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻧـﻮﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺧﺘﻨﺎﻕ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻘﺔ‬،‫ﺍﳉﺮﻭﺡ‬،‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﻳﺔ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻕ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻢ‬
:‫اﳌﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻮﺍﺟﺪ‬
،‫ﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻮ‬
‫ﳏﻴﻂ‬
.‫ﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲔ‬

21. 21
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻳﲑ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﺭﴈ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﻀﻞ‬ .١
:‫ﺍﻵﰐ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﱰﻁ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﳐﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ .٢
.‫ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪﳘﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻔﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺨﺮﺟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﳚﻬﺰ‬ -
‫ﺑﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ،(‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﲡﺎﻩ‬ ‫)ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﲡﺎﻩ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻹﺧﻼﺀ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﳛﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺋﻖ‬ ￯‫ﺃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﳐﺮﺝ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻄﺎﻧﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻓﺊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻊ‬ -
‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺴﻴﺎﺏ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
.‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﱰ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﹸﱰﻙ‬‫ﺗ‬ .٤
‫ﻣﱰ‬١٫٥ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺿﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﳑﺮ‬ ،‫ﻣﱰ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﳑﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﹸﱰﻙ‬‫ﺗ‬ .٥
.‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻣﺎﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹸﱰﻙ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ‬ ￯‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺗﻔﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٦
.‫ﻣﱰ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻭﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ .٧
.‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﱪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ،‫ﺟﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﲥﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ‬ .٨
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻻﻧﺰﻻﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ .٩
‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻜﴪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ .١٠
.‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳛﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻣﺪﺍﺩ‬‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ‬‫ﻟﻠﲈﺀ‬‫ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺔ‬‫ﻣﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬‫ﻣﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ .١١
.‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﱪ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻼﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻋﻄﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﴫﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎﺑﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ .١٢

22. 22
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﻟﻠﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ ،‫ﺷﻔﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﲢﺘﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺑﺨﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻬﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ‬ .١
.‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺰﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬
.‫ﻟﻠﻌﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻏﺴﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﻮﺭﺓ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺎﺵ‬ .٣
.(‫ﺭﻏﻮﺓ‬ ،‫ﺑﻮﺩﺭﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺴﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺛﺎﲏ‬ ،‫)ﺍﳍﺎﻟﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻓﺊ‬ .٤
.‫ﻟﻠﺪﺧﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺷﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﴪﺏ‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻒ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ .٥
.‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ .٦
.‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺰﺍﻧﺔ‬ .٧
.‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻨﻌﺔ‬ .٨
.‫ﺃﻛﺴﺠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺔ‬ .٩
.‫ﺫﺍﺗﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻐﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻏﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺔ‬ .١٠
.‫ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ .١١
.‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﺪ‬ .١٢
.‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ .١٣

23. 23
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬
.‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻮ‬ .١
.‫ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﻈﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﲈﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ .٢
.‫ﻭﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺬﻳﺔ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻃﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ .٤
.‫ﻭﺍﻷﺫﻧﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺎﻉ‬ .٥
.‫ﺗﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻨﻌﺔ‬ .٦

24. 24
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﳚﺐ‬ ..‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﲈﻳﺔ‬
.‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻤ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﺳ‬ ￯‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ .١
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻼﺕ‬‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬‫ﳚﺐ‬‫ﻛﲈ‬.￯‫ﻷﺧﺮ‬‫ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﺍﳊﺬﺭ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻤﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﺨﺎﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﲣﺰﻳﻦ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﲔ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﺢ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺿ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﴩﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ .٥
.‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﻌﺎﺩ‬ .٦
‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﻔﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﲣﺰﻳﻦ‬ .٧
.‫ﺍﻻﺻﻄﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻷﺷﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﴍﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻀﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻼﺑﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺪﺍﺀ‬ .٨
‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻀﻐﻮﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﲈ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻄﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ .٩
.‫ﻟﻨﻘﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬
.‫ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﳌﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ .١٠
.‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﲣﺰﻳﻦ‬ .١١
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺪﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻏﺴﻞ‬ .١٢

25. 25
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﳌﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺑ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴ‬‫ﻣﺮﺟﻌﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﲈﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬
:‫ﳏﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﲈﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬
.‫ﻭﺧﺼﺎﺋﺼﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﲈﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ .١
.‫ﻟﻠﲈﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱰﻛﻴﺐ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻷﺧﻄﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺳﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬ .٥
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﴪﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﹸﺘﺒﻊ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ .٦
.‫ﻭﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ .٧
.‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺍﺭ‬ ￯‫ﻣﺪ‬ .٨
.‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ .٩
.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺁﺛﺎﺭ‬ .١٠
.‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻕ‬ .١١

26. 26
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻟﻄﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺲ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ .١
.‫ﻣﻘﻔﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺬﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ .٢
.‫ﺇﴍﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﲡﺎﺭﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻇﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﲢﺖ‬ ‫ﳚﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻛﺪ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﺄﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺷﻒ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﴍﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .٥
.‫ﺇﻏﻼﻗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺲ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺷﻒ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺟﻊ‬ .٦
.‫ﺍﻟﻘﻨﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺷﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .٧
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﺷﻒ‬ ‫ﻗﻨﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺳﺪﺍﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺪﻝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .٨
.‫ﺻﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺪﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .٩
.‫ﺑﺜﻴﺎﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﲤﺴﺢ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .١٠
.‫ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .١١
.‫ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺨﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﻌﺪ‬ .١٢
.‫ﺍﻟﻠﻬﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ .١٣
.‫ﺍﳊﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺒﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺮﻙ‬ .١٤
‫ﺳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺴﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ .١٥
.‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﻼﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻏﺴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺗﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ .١٦
.‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﺎﻟﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻋﺪ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺎﺑﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻏﺴﻞ‬ .١٧

27. 27
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﺫﺝ‬
.(‫ﺃﲪﺮ‬ ‫)ﻟﻮﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ .١
.(‫ﺃﺯﺭﻕ‬ ‫)ﻟﻮﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ .٢
.(‫ﺃﺧﴬ‬ ‫)ﻟﻮﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺪﻻﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ .٣
.(‫ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﱄ‬ ‫)ﻟﻮﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬ .٤
.(‫ﺃﺻﻔﺮ‬
‫ﺃﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫)ﻟﻮﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﲢﺬﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ .٥

28. 28
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬
:‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﲪﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻈﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻬﻴﺰ‬ .١
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻈﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻘﻒ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ .٢
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﺍﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﲡﻨﺐ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﳊﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﺻﻄﺪﺍﻣﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺎﺑﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﺴﺒﺐ‬
‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﴐﻭﺭﺓ‬ .٤
‫ﺍﺭﺗﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺜﻬﻢ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﴬﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳊﲈﻳﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻒ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻈﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﻠﻮﺱ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﴍﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﻛﺜﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﳋﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻼﺑﺲ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬ ‫ﳑﺎﺭﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻨﺐ‬
‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﺻﺤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﺳﺎﺣﺎﺕ‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ‬‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ .٥
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺸﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ .٦
.‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳﺒﺒ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﺗﻮﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻠﺔ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻬﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻨﺐ‬ .٧
.‫ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺭﻳﺎﺕ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﻮﺍﻙ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺯﺭﺍﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻨﺐ‬ .٨
‫ﻟﻸﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ﺍﳊﻴﻮﺍﻧﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻀﻮﻳﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﻤﺪﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺒﺎﺗﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺪ‬‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ .٩
.‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻳﺔ‬
.‫ﳐﺎﻃﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﳊﲈﻳﺔ‬ (‫ﻭﺟﺪﺕ‬ ‫)ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ‬ .١٠

29. 29
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻌﻢ‬
:‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﱰﺍﻃﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﲈﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺑﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
‫ﺃﺷﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻹﺿﺎﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻴﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﲡﻬﻴﺰﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ -
‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﳌﻨﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺍﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ -
.‫ﻟﻸﺯﺩﺣﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺗﻔﺎﺩﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴩﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﳊﻮﺍﺋﻂ‬‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬‫ﺃﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬،‫ﻟﻠﻴﺪﻳﻦ‬‫ﻭﻣﻐﺴﻠﺔ‬،‫ﻟﻠﴩﺏ‬‫ﺻﺎﳊﺔ‬‫ﻣﻴﺎﻩ‬‫ﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺳﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﲑﺍﻣﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺋﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﲇ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺰﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻔﻀﻞ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﻐﺴﻞ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﴩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﳌﻨﻊ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ‬ -
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻌﻢ‬

30. 30
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
‫ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬،‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬‫ﻭﺣﻔﻆ‬‫ﻟﺘﱪﻳﺪ‬‫ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺛﻼﺟﺎﺕ‬،‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬‫ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬‫ﺑﻤﻄﻔﺄﺓ‬‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬‫ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ‬ -
،‫ﺷﻔﻂ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺮﻭﺣﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﳊﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﳏﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻭﺍﻟﻴﺐ‬ ،‫ﺗﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺎﻭﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺭﻓﻒ‬
:‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﱰﺍﻃﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻠﻮﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﹸ‬
‫ﺧ‬ ‫ﹸﺜﺒﺖ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﻔﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺑﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺗﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺪﱠ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﴩﻭﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ -
‫ﻭﺑﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﴬ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﴩﻭﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺒﻌﺎﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ،‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻌﻢ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﹾﺴ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﲢﺘﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﳌﴩﻭﺑﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻏﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬‫ﳛﻤﻲ‬‫ﺑﲈ‬‫ﳏﻜﻢ‬‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬‫ﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬‫ﲡﻬﻴﺰ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ﰲ‬‫ﺍﳌﻄﻌﻢ‬‫ﳜﻀﻊ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻮﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﲣﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﱰﺍﻃﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﴎﻳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻃﻌﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﳌﴩﻭﺑﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﴐﻭﺭﺓ‬ -

31. 31
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺭﺱ‬
:‫ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻓﺊ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﻬﺰ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻷﲪﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳍﻼﻝ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺪﲏ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﻟﴩﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﴎﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺧﻂ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
:‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺃﻏﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﳛﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ‬
‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﳊﻈﺔ‬ ‫)ﻣﻦ‬
:‫ﺍﻵﰐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬ .(‫ﻭﺟﺪ‬
‫ﻷﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﲈﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ،‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺪﱡ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﳌ‬‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﺍﺳﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺑﺘﴫﻳﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺧﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬
‫ﻃﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﳐﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﴬﻭﺭﺓ‬‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ‬‫ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬￯‫ﻭﻣﺪ‬‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬‫ﺍﻹﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬‫ﺑﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻹﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ -
،‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﻠﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ -
.‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺷﻌﺎﺭ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﴫﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ -

32. 32
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻵﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻬﻴﺰﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬‫ﻭﳏﺎﺑﺲ‬‫ﻭﺻﻨﺎﺑﲑ‬(‫ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻂ‬‫ﻣﺮﺍﻭﺡ‬‫)ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻜﻴﻔﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﺭ‬‫ﺇﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ -
‫ﻭﺍﲣﺎﺫ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﱰﻛﻴﺰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻭﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭ‬ -
.‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﻴ‬ ‫ﹺ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ،‫ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺘﻴﺶ‬ -
.‫ﺑﺠﻮﺍﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﳐﻠﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬‫ﳞﺪﺩ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻓﻮﺭ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﴩﻃﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﻭﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬‫ﺍﳌﺪﲏ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ -
.‫ﻧﺤﻮﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﲣﺎﺫﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﳖﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺽ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬
‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ،‫ﺭﺳﻤﻲ‬‫ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﱰﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﲤﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺤﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳌﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﲇ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﳏﺎﺑﺲ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻗﻔﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻖ‬ -
.‫ﺑﺎﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﺭﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﻼﻍ‬ -
‫ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩ‬ -
.‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻤﻌﻬﻢ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﳌﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲪﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳍﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺪﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩ‬ -
.‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﲡﻤﻴﻊ‬ -

33. 33
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﻭﺇﱃ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬‫ﺑﻨﻘﻞ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬‫ﺍﻹﺩﺍﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﻋﺎﺗﻖ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﻳﻘﻊ‬
.‫ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﲑﺓ‬
:‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬
:‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻈﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﴪﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﲣﻔﻴﺾ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺒﻜﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬‫ﲤﻨﻊ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬‫ﺑﺤﻮﺍﺟﺰ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻒ‬‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ‬ -
.‫ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺟﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬‫ﻭﻧﺰﻭﳍﻢ‬‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻼﺕ‬‫ﺇﱃ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬‫ﺻﻌﻮﺩ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ﻋﲆ‬‫ﺍﻹﴍﺍﻑ‬ -
.‫ﲠﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﻣﻬﻢ‬￯‫ﻣﺪ‬‫ﻭﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺍﻗﺔ‬‫ﺑﻘﻮﺍﻧﲔ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘ‬‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬‫ﻣﺮﻛﺒﺎﺕ‬‫ﺳﺎﺋﻘﻲ‬‫ﺇﻟﺰﺍﻡ‬ -
‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﲣﺎﺫﻩ‬‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬‫ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬،‫ﻛﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻣﻬﻤﺘﻪ‬‫ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ‬‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬‫ﺳﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﺗﻮﻋﻴﺔ‬ -
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬
،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻴﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﲡﺪﻳﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺎﻓﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﲈﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬
33
‫ﻡ‬
.‫ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﻹﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬

34. 34
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ￯‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ -
‫ﻭﺃﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺰﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﲢﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
.‫ﻧﻘﻠﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﴍﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻨﻬﻢ‬
.‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﴫﺡ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺃﻏﺮﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﲪﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﴫﺡ‬ ￯‫ﺳﻮ‬ ‫ﺭﺍﻛﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﳚﻮﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴪﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ -
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﺼﻌﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﲤﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺇ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﲑ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻼﻕ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﲔ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﻭﻝ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺿﻮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﲈﻝ‬ -
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻳﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺻﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺤﺎﺫﺍﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻑ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻂ‬
،‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﻌﻮﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻮﺍﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﳏﺎﺫﻳ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻮﺍﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﳌﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺪﻡ‬
،‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻘﲔ‬ ‫ﺣﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﴐﻭﺭﺓ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺭﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﴫﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﲈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﳌﺨﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻃﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ -

35. 35
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺎﴏ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺤﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﻨﻴ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ -
.‫ﻣﻌﺘﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
.‫ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺭﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺰﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﺄﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺯﺟﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬ -
.‫ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺤﻴﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺭﺅﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﲤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻤﺮ‬ (‫ﻣﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ /‫)ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﱰﻛﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﲈﺡ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﲢﺪﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﴩﻭﻁ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ -
.‫ﻟﻠﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﻌﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ ‫ﺭﺧﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ -
‫ﺑﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪ‬ -
.‫ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻌﺎﻓﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﻭﺻﻴﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺺ‬ -

36. 36
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬
:‫ﺍﻟـﺤﺎﻓﻠـﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﺃ‬
:‫ﺑﺎﻵﰐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬
.‫ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺁﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻓﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻑ‬ .١
.‫ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﲢﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻘﺪ‬ .٢
:‫ﺧﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﴫﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻟﻘﻲﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻏﲈﺀ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ -
.‫ﺑﻜﺴﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‬ -
.‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺰﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺤﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳉﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ -
.‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﲤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﺰﻳﻒ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳍﻴﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ -
:‫ﺍﳋﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﲣﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬
،‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺒﻠﻴﻎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﴩﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ -
.‫ﻟﻠﻌﻼﺝ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﲪﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﳍﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺑﻼﻍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ -
.‫ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﲈﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘﻲ‬ -

37. 37
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﻳﲇ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ - ‫ﺑﺎﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﱃ‬ ‫ﺃﺿﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﲈ‬ - ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﺘﺰﻡ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴪﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﲡﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ .١
.‫ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﲑ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻟﺘﺰﺍﻡ‬ .٢
.‫ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﺾ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ .٣
‫ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻛﺘﻔﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬
:‫ﺧﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﴫﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬
.‫ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺿﻮﺽ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ .‫ﺃ‬
.‫ﺳﻄﺤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺪﻭﺵ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ .‫ﺏ‬
:‫ﺍﳋﻄﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻏﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﲣﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬
.‫ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻃﻤﺄﻧﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻓﺴﺎﺡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﺿﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻀﺎﺡ‬ -
.‫ﳌﻨﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺰﺍﻝ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﴍ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﻼﻍ‬ -
:‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺎﺑﺎﺕ‬ .‫ﺏ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﺻﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻁ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬،‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬‫ﻭﻧﺰﻭﻝ‬‫ﺻﻌﻮﺩ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﻧﺎﲡﺔ‬‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺛﺔ‬‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬،‫ﺑﺎﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬

38. 38
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﻳﲇ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬ .‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﲡﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺣﺮﻛﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﺮﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﳊﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﻮﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻓﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﻘﺎﻑ‬ .١
.‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﲑ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺴﻴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻶﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﲑ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺩﻱ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻹﺳﻌﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺑﲔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻫﺘﲈﻡ‬ .٤
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﴩﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﻼﻍ‬ .٥
.‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬ .٦
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﱄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﲔ‬ .٧
‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﳏﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﺇﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﱂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﻘﺎﺋﻬﻢ‬-
.‫ﺃﺑﻮﺍﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﻏﻼﻕ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺰﻭﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﳘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﺎﴍﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺴﺆﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﺑﻼﻍ‬ -
.‫ﻋﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﴐﺍﺭﺍﻟﻨﺎﲨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ -
.‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ -
.‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆﻭﱄ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﺎﺩﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
:‫ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻀﲈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺭﺷﺎﺩﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻛﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﳚﺐ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺰﻭﳍﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺩﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺰﺍﺣﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺍﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺗﻮﻗﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻌﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺰﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺳﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺮﻙ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -

39. 39
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺌﺔ‬ :‫ا
ول‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺍﳌﻨﺸﺄﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﻔﺎﻅ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺴﺒﻘ‬ ‫ﳍﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺨﻄﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﳊﻮﺍﺩﺙ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺘﻼﰲ‬ ،‫ﺃﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺘﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻃﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﳌﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﲡﻬﻴﺰﺍﺗﻪ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺔ‬
.‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻗﺎﺋﻴ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺎﻧﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﴫ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴬﻭﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﳌﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﻓﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ -
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺬﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺭﺷﺎﺷﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻹﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﳊﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﱂ‬ ،‫ﺍﳍﻴﺪﺭﻭﻟﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ -
:‫ﻭﺍﻹﻟﻴﻜﱰﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺍﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻜﻴﻴﻒ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﻋﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﲈﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ -
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﰐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻷﻭﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳍﺎﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ -

40. 40
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﲈﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻌﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻘﻒ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺎﺩ‬ -
.‫ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺪﻫﺎﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻜﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﲈﻝ‬ -
.‫ﻭﺍﳌﺘﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻔﺮﻭﺷﺎﺕ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻷﺭﺿﻴﺎﺕ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻷﺳﻘﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻝ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ‬ -
:‫ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬
.‫ﻭﺃﺳﻘﻒ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺑﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﻜﻞ‬ -
.‫ﻛﺎﻻﺳﻔﻠﺖ‬ ،‫ﺍﳋﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﲈﻝ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻷﻣﻄﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﴫﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻩ‬ -
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺁﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﴫ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺳﺠﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﺸﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ .‫ﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬
‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﲑ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻓﻤﺜ‬ .‫ﺍﻵﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺬﻛﺮ‬ (Record Card)
‫ﻛﲈ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﴬﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﲠﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﻮﺍﳖﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴩﻛﺔ‬
‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﲑ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻄﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﺿﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬

41. :‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤـﺮﻳﻖ‬

42. 42
‫واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻮارث‬ ‫وإدارة‬
:‫اﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫أﺳﺒﺎب‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﻓﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺣﱰﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﳛﺪﺙ‬
:‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬ .١
:‫ﻏﺎﺯﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺳﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺻﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺗﻮﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﲈﺵ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺧﺸﺎﺏ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻮﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﳌﺬﻳﺒﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺰﻳﻦ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ -
.‫ﺍﳍﻴﺪﺭﻭﺟﲔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺳﻴﺘﻴﻠﲔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺗﺎﺟﺎﺯ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻐﺎﺯﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ -
:‫ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺓ‬ .٢
‫ﺍﳉﻮ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻛﺴﺠﲔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻎ‬ .‫ﺍﻷﻛﺴﺠﲔ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺘﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﲢﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻊ‬
.‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬‫ﻳﺸﺘﻌﻞ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬%١٦‫ﻋﻦ‬‫ﺍﻷﻛﺴﺠﲔ‬‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ‬‫ﺗﻘﻞ‬‫ﺃﻻ‬‫ﳚﺐ‬.%٢١‫ﺣﻮﺍﱄ‬
:‫ﺍﻻﺣﱰﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺪﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟـﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ .٣
.‫ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ￯‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺮﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
:‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ .٤
،‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ،‫)ﺍﳌﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﴏ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﺪﺕ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
.‫ﺍﳌﺘﺴﻠﺴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻤﻴﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﲈ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ،(‫ﺍﻷﻛﺴﺠﲔ‬

43. 43
‫اﻟﺤﺮﻳﻖ‬ :‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
:‫ﻟﻶﰐ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ‬ .١
.‫ﺍﻟﺰﺍﺋﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ -
.‫ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﻡ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻒ‬ -
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻒ‬ -
‫ﻭﲢﺪﺙ‬ .‫ﻟﻠﺤﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﰐ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺧﲔ‬ .٢
.‫ﺍﻷﺛﺎﺙ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺸﺘﻌﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﺠﺎﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﻘﻮﻁ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬
.‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳋﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﺎﻃﺊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ .٣
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺮﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻣﺒﺎﻻﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﳉﻬﻞ‬ .٤
‫ﰲ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬‫ﺃﻋﲈﻝ‬‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬‫ﺍﳊﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬‫ﲢﺪﺙ‬:(‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬‫)ﺃﻋﲈﻝ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺧﻨﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﻋﲈﻝ‬ .٥
،‫ﺍﳌﻨﺼﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻌﺪﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻄﺎﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﴩﺭ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﺒﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺷﺘﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﲆ‬ ‫ﲢﺘﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﲣﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﰲ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺋﻖ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻭﺙ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬