Sound Waves types , categtories

2. SOUND
Definition
Vibrations that travel through the air or another
medium and can be heard when it reaches human
ear.
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3. WAVE
A disturbance that carries energy through matter or
space.
Waves transfers energy from one place to another
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4. TYPES OF WAVES
Waves
Mechanical
Transverse
Wave
Longitudinal
Wave
Electromagnetic
Matter
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5. TRANSVERSE WAVES
The waves in which the particles of the medium
vibrate along a line perpendicular to the direction of
propagation of waves are called transverse waves.
Examples:
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6. LONGITUDINAL WAVE
Type of wave in which particle movement Is in the
same direction as wave movement.
Examples : Sound waves
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7. Compressions & Rarefactions
of LT wave
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8. Amplitude/
Displacement
Wavelength
Period
Cycle
Crest
Trough
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9. Relationship of Amplitude on
loudness and frequency
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10. PROPERTIES OF SOUND
WAVES
FREQUENCY: physical measure of the
number of times an object vibrates per
second.
Unit: Hertz (Hz)
PITCH: perceptual correlate of sound
frequency.
INTENSITY: physical measure of the
amount of pressure generated within a
medium by a vibrating object
Unit: Decibel (dB)
LOUDNESS: perceptual correlate of
sound intensity
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11. KEY POINTS OF SOUND
WAVES
Sound waves travel in a
medium e.g. air
Sound waves causes the
particles to vibrate.
Sound cannot travel in the
vacuum as there are NO
particles.
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12. Speed of Sound
Medium sound speed (m/s)
air (20C) 343
water 1497
gold 3240
brick 3650
wood 3800–4600
glass 5100
steel 5790
aluminum 6420
 The speed of sound varies.
 It is affected by the medium
and temperature.
 More dense medium = faster
 Warmer = faster
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13. AVERAGE SPEAKING
FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCIES
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15. Travelling Wave in
Cochlea
Vibration of the stapes in and out of
the Oval Window creates fluid
motion in Cochlea  causing the
membranous labyrinth move.
As stapes vibrates the fluid in the
cochlea is set into wavelike motion
. This motion is referred as
“TRAVELLING WAVE”
Higher frequencies occurs closer to
the oval window i.e. basal end
Lower Frequencies occurs at the
apical end of the Cochlea
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16. References
 Speech Science Primer by Gloria J. Borden
 Clinical Audiology by Brad A. Stach
 Audiology The Fundamentals by Fred
H.Besss & Larry E. Humes
 Handbook of Clinical Audiology
By Jack katz
 Anatomy and Physiology for Hearing
Mechanism by Donald R Fuller
• https://opentextbc.ca/physicstestb
ook2/chapter/speed-of-sound-
frequency-and-wavelength/
• https://physicsabout.com/differenc
e-transverse-longitudinal-waves/
• https://physics.tutorvista.com/wav
es/types-of-waves.html
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