Bijan yavar, A Modern view to Risk and Disaster Management, Concentrating on People with Dynamic Settlements (Nomads) as a Sustainable Development Standard

The 6th International Conference On Intergrated Natural
Disater Management Mashhad - I.R.Iran, 15 – 16 Feburary 2015
yavar637@gmail.com
‫ﭘﻮﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺳﻜﻮﻧﺘﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ،‫ﺑﻼﻳﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮي‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫دﻳﺪﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬)‫ﻋﺸﺎﻳﺮ‬(‫ﭘﺎﻳﺪار‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
A Modern view to Risk and Disaster Management, Concentrating on People with
Dynamic Settlements (Nomads) as a Sustainable Development Standard
‫ﻳﺎور‬ ‫ﺑﻴﮋن‬
o‫اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫رﻓﺘﺎر‬ ‫ﮔﺮاﻳﺶ‬ ، ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫دﻛﺘﺮي‬ ‫داﻧﺸﺠﻮي‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻴﺎر‬)‫ﺑﺤﺮان‬(‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬‫ﻃﺒﺎﻃﺒﺎﻳﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻣﻪ‬
o‫از‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺶ‬ ‫داراي‬15‫وﺧﺎرج‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎري‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺮان‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎل‬
o‫ﺟﻨﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎي‬ ،‫ژاﭘﻦ‬ ،‫اﻳﺮان‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺮان‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺎي‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن‬‫و‬...
o‫اﻧﺴﺘﻴﺘﻮﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﻜﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﻀﻮ‬‫آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﻮب‬ ‫ﻛﺸﻮرﻫﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺮان‬(DMISA)‫ﺷﻤﺎره‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬:1834
o‫اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺮي‬ ‫ﻛﺪ‬A-3544-2010

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‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻀﺮت‬)‫ع‬(
‫اﻳﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻲ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫اﻣﺮﺋﺎ‬ ‫اﷲ‬ ‫رﺣﻢ‬
‫ﺑﺪاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻛﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺪ‬ ‫رﺣﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺪا‬‫رود‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ،‫آﻣﺪه‬ ‫ﻛﺠﺎ‬ ‫از‬
May Allah Bless the Person who knows where has he
come from, where he is now and where is he going to.
Hazrat Imam Ali (P.B.U.H.)

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Introduction

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• I.R.Iran has lots of different kinds of nomads living with
their properties which produce large amount of meat and
dairy products for the country to serve the peoples
needs. Planning to empower them in facing disasters is
not only important but also a must. In this paper at first
we will explain where do the nomads live in Iran and
what kinds of Risks and disasters do the face in their
kind of living.
Introduction

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• Next coming up will be the characteristics of nomads and
their kind of living and what are the limitations to help
them overcome the disasters meaning a transition from
a traditional way of thinking towards a modern acting
situation by conservation of the traditional rational
origins. Then we will explain through which activities,
Processes and methods we can empower the nomads to
face disasters based on the experiences obtained which
can play an important role in environment sustainability.
Introduction

The 6th International Conference On Intergrated Natural Disater Management
Mashhad - I.R.Iran, 15 – 16 Feburary 2015
yavar637@gmail.com
• As a conclusion, totally, best ways of empowering
nomads in facing disasters will be mentioned
technically which can be used in similar parts of
the world as a Standard to decrease
vulnerabilities and better manage the risks which
will lead to a sustainable development context.
Introduction

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Different Kind of Nomads
Dynamic Nomads: which are referred to all those
nomads that live on a traditional bases and insist on
travailing based on their ancestors although it may have
been changed in comparison with the old ancient days
Semi-dynamic Nomads: which to some extend, from
time to time usually tend to migrate from one place to
another
Static Nomads: which have chosen to stay in a
permanent residential area and they don’t anymore
migrate or prepare a trip.

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Where do Nomads Live
http://www.ashayer.ir

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Risks Facing Nomads

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Different Risks faced by the Nomads
• Flash Floods
• Land Slides
• Droughts
• Road Accidents
• Live stock Diseases
• Rock Avalanche
• Extreme Temperatures
• Lack of Medical Care in Dynamic Situations
• etc

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Different Aspects
Which Face the Nomads

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Physical aspects
• Signing the eal rah ( way and path of nomads movements )
for the nomads and using their own style of information
giving through sign boards, first aid kits station placed in
special locations with a recognition sign, signs for probability
of high risk zones, dangerous zones, Eel rah ( Path of Nomads
): meaning the paths through Nomads usually through
experience obtained from the ancestors and also the present
Nomads
• Acquainting the nomads with different kinds of risks which
they are facing to reduce the causes and for risk reduction,
Based on different aspects which are as follows:

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HRA
Probability of Getting at risk
of Car Accidents

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HRA
Probability of
being at risk
of Rock
Avalanche

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HRA
Probability of
being at risk
of land slide

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HRA
Probability of Getting at risk
of being driven away by flash
water

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Economical aspects
• When there is a disaster it means that the people
will be in danger of losing their livestock so for this
the disaster will threaten their economical status
to face the future life.
• In case of disaster occurrence the meat and milk
and also other products produced by the Nomads
for the country will face disorders which shall be
taken into consideration. Decrease in Productivity.

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Social and Cultural Aspects
• Connection with people around them shall be increased so
that they can get help from people around them in disastrous
situation based on their movement characteristics
(Dynamism), because as we know for establishing a good and
powerful friendship a lot of time should be spent but because
the Nomads are almost nearly most of the time having a trip
by this means the can not have very close relations in short
period of time where networking may help and be useful.
• Planning voluntary groups in different parts of the Nomads
Trips path to help them know better the environments in their
paths to complete their travel which is a way of life.

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Technical Aspects
• Establishing Special Technical Equipment Locations
where its too Difficult to reach the Nomads and by this
Means the Nomads can easily Access the equipment.
Locations Where it is difficult to access and in
Disastrous situations relief and rescue is only possible
by helicopters.

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What to Do?
How to Empower The Nomads in
Facing the Disasters? Or Maybe Crisis?

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Nomads Environmental System Diagnosis Diagram

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Conclusion

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Conclusion
• Planning and management process and mechanisms for people with
dynamic settlements (as the minorities) is much more difficult in
comparison with normal people (as the Majorities), because you as
planners and mangers must go to the Nomads (and getting more
acquainted with theirs way of life) and not them come to you
(because they are moving about in their way of life from one hand,
and don’t really know how to get the information, from the other
hand), the process and Mechanisms mentioned above are Time,
Money, and personal consuming, so for a sustainable development
approach you must work much more efficient to reach and meet the
needs.
• By using innovative methods you can overcome the difficulties and
speed up your works and prepare and work through a Nomads
Comprehensive Disaster Risk Management Plan (NCDRMP).

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Conclusion
• Using special standardized signs and signboards for the
Nomads to get more acquainted and get familiar with
the risks, Incidents and disasters in different
environments and also
• using special standardized signs and signboards for
normal people to know where the nomads pass by and
to mark them on Nomads Movement and Trips paths
Diagnosis Map and also all kinds of different tourism
maps.

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Solutions and Alternatives (how to reduce the risks to
empower and prepare a better life for the nomads

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1. Consideration of Nomads Risk Management In Facing Different
Disasters
2. Using Insurance to Insure the Nomads Properties and Wealth
3. (Inwards Education and Training – Nomads): Undertaking
Special Technical Courses to Increase the Knowledge of the
Nomads in Facing Disasters
4. (Outwards Education and Training – Other People): Undertaking
Special Technical Courses to Increase Public awareness on the
way of Nomads Life Especially in Regions Where they Live
5. Preparation of the Nomads Comprehensive Disaster Risk
Management Plan (NCDRMP) which will generally take into
consideration the key Factor such as: ICS, EOP, ESF, SOP, and etc.
Solutions and Alternatives (how to reduce the risks to empower and prepare a better life for the nomads

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6. If possible using a Medical Doctor (MD) and Social Worker to
move with the Nomads through the different Eal Rah, Most
preferable to be from the nomads and evaluate the causes and the
effects.
7. Designing special places for treatment of the elderly Nomads
which have a special status in between their own tribe and also all
people in need.
8. To take into consideration the importance of paying special
attention to take care of the livestock of the Nomads as an
important key factor as their property
9. Before starting the trip, the Nomads shall get the information on
air and climate condition to programme the trip in more efficient
and safer manner.

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10. Preparation of the Nomads Movement and Trips paths Diagnosis
Map through which all the paths have been evaluated on the Rate of
risk and the probability of being in danger and the risks of each path
which the people will most probably face in the future. This can be
prepared for different Seasons.
11. Using Nomads Movement and Trips paths Diagnosis Map by the
Nomads that will be updated periodically.
12. Marking the high Risk Areas (HRA) through the Eal Rah, to let the
nomads know where they will be at risk with a high probability. This will
help them to be prepared.
13. Preparation of helipads close to the Eal rah to quickly get in access
to the nomads or at least equipping the near by Red Crescent Society
bases to be more effective in difficult, incident and disastrous situations.

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14. Being aware of the exact dates and also the duration of the
Movements of Nomads marked on the map and in reach of The
Provincial DRM headquarters and officials (all those provinces which the
Eal Rah moves through them).
15. Preparation and formulation of a local mean for early warning and
information giving to the nomads and also designing an optimum and
also a high efficiency early warning and information giving system.
16. Establishment of nomads’ data base for information and data
dissemination and planning and management processes.
17. Using high technology equipment like GPS and etc.
18. Designing special methods of Education and training considering
the nomads way of life in a way to empower them in facing different
Risks, Incidents, and disasters.

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19. Law enforcement to prevent the people who don’t respect the law
concerning the nomads. As an example if the nomads are affected by
people who don’t obey the law which prevents the nomads and their
property from different harms, will be enforced by the law to take into
consideration the nomads right based on their special way of life.
20. To use special sign (this sign is generated from the ghashghaei
Nomad’s Cap which is well known all over the world) in the Nomads
Path (Eal-Rah) to alert normal people about them. Notice: the signs are
divided into 2 categories that are as follows:
A- Some of the signs are designed to give information about the risks to
the Nomads which they may face and
B- Some signs are designed to let other ordinary people know that
which paths and roots are used by the Nomad

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Nomads Motion path and Traffic Route sign
This sign means that = Caution! Keep in mind that this is the
path which Nomads will pass by, take into consideration that
they move about with their cattle and livestock, so you may
face unusual risks and incidents. Be Careful.
Nomads

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Precautionary actions for Nomads live stock safety

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Sources

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32-‫آدرس‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻳﻨﻔﻮﮔﺮاﻓﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬:www.infographics.ir
33-،‫ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ،‫ﺑﺤﺮان‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺣﺎدﺛﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫اي‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‬ ،‫ﻣﻴﺮﻃﺎﻫﺮي‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺜﻢ‬ ،‫ﻳﺎور‬ ‫ﺑﻴﮋن‬
‫اول‬ ‫ﭼﺎپ‬1388‫ﺗﻬﺮان‬ ،.
35-،‫ﺑﺎس‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﺪوﻳﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻬﻴﻪ‬ ،‫راﻫﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎب‬ ،‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻠﻲ‬ ،‫ﺑﺤﺮان‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷﻲ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮﭘﺬﻳﺮي‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ‬
،‫ﻳﺎور‬ ‫ﺑﻴﮋن‬ ‫زﻳﺮﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﺎرﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮاﻳﻲ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﻨﻲ‬ ‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ‬ ،‫ﺑﺎﺗﻴﺴﺘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺪرﻳﻜﺎ‬ ،‫دﻳﭙﺮﻳﻚ‬ ‫دي‬ ‫ﺟﻴﻨﻲ‬ ،‫راﻣﺎﺳﺎﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻮارﺟﻮ‬
‫ﭼﺎپ‬ ،‫ﭼﺎﺑﻬﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫اﻧﺘﺸﺎرات‬ ،‫ﻣﻬﺮﻳﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ‬ ،‫ﻣﻴﺮﻃﺎﻫﺮي‬ ‫ﻣﻴﺜﻢ‬ ،‫رﺣﻤﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻳﻢ‬ ،‫ﻳﺎور‬ ‫ﺑﻴﮋن‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬
، ‫اول‬1389‫ﺗﻬﺮان‬ ،.
36-‫زﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻲ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫زﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﮕﺎه‬ ،‫ﺑﻢ‬ ‫زﻟﺰﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺎﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﮔﺰارش‬
37-2009 UNISDR Terminology on Disaster Risk Reduction (Persian Translation)
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Chabahar, Iran.
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42- Yavar, B. & Mirtaheri, M., (2009), "An Introduction to ICS in disaster management”, International University of Chabahar
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