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Bab 1 Pengantar Konservasi Energi © Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering – University of Indonesia 11
OutlineOutline Pengertian Umum Sejarah Harga Energi Kebijakan Konservasi Energi di Indonesia Dasar-dasar Manajemen Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Dasar-dasar Manajemen Energi Memulai Kegiatan Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 22
Energi : • Kemampuan untuk melakukan usaha / melakukan berbagai proses kegiatan. • Bentuk energi umumnya berupa bahan bakar, listrik, energi mekanis dan panas. PengertianPengertian UmumUmum ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 33
The human body Air-conditioning systems Airplanes Pengertian UmumPengertian Umum ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 44 Power plantsCar radiators Refrigeration systems Manajemen energi : Kegiatan pengelolaan energi secara terencana, terarah, dan berkesinambungan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan energi.
PengertianPengertian Umum (lanjutan)Umum (lanjutan) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 55
Konservasi energi : Kegiatan pemanfaatan energi secara efisien dan rasional tanpa mengurangi penggunaan energi yang memang benar-benar diperlukan serta tidak mengurangi kenyamanan. PengertianPengertian Umum (lanjutan)Umum (lanjutan) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 66 Audit energi : Kegiatan pemeriksaan / pengkajian penggunaan energi untuk mengetahui tingkat pemakaian energi serta menganalisis peluang penghematan energi yang layak untuk diimplementasikan secara teknis dan ekonomi.
Harga Minyak Mentah Internasional ( harga nominal ) Sejarah Harga EnergiSejarah Harga Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 77
Peristiwa Besar Dunia dan Pengaruhnya pada Harga Minyak Mentah (1970-2004) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 88
Harga Batubara InternasionalHarga Batubara Internasional ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Kompas, Senin 3 Maret 2008 ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 99
Langkah-langkah Kebijakan EnergiLangkah-langkah Kebijakan Energi BB Incentives/Incentives/ DisincentivesDisincentives CC RegulationRegulation DD PricePrice POLICYPOLICY INSTRUMENTINSTRUMENT GREEN ENERGY Policy Energy Conservation AA InformationInformation BB Incentives/Incentives/ DisincentivesDisincentives CC RegulationRegulation DD PricePrice POLICYPOLICY INSTRUMENTINSTRUMENT GREEN ENERGY Policy Energy ConservationEnergy Conservation AA InformationInformation ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1010 DisincentivesDisincentives Campaign Consultation Training Education Awards DSM - Household - Public Street Lighting Cooperation/Part nership: - Stakeholder - -CDM Tax ReductionTax Reduction Import TaxImport Tax ExemptionsExemptions Low InterestLow Interest Investment FundInvestment Fund Energy Manager Energy Management Energy Audit Energy Consumption Monitoring Energy Intensity Target Energy Efficient Design Standardization Implementation Standard Transportation (CALTI) Energy Equipment Labeling Economical EnergyEconomical Energy PricingPricing AutomaticallyAutomatically Electricity TariffElectricity Tariff PROGRAMPROGRAM DisincentivesDisincentives Campaign Consultation Training Education Awards DSM - Household - Public Street Lighting Cooperation/Part nership: - Stakeholder - -CDM Tax ReductionTax Reduction Import TaxImport Tax ExemptionsExemptions Low InterestLow Interest Investment FundInvestment Fund Energy Manager Energy Management Energy Audit Energy Consumption Monitoring Energy Intensity Target Energy Efficient Design Standardization Implementation Standard Transportation (CALTI) Energy Equipment Labeling Economical EnergyEconomical Energy PricingPricing AutomaticallyAutomatically Electricity TariffElectricity Tariff PROGRAMPROGRAM
Transportation 36% Industry 39% Final Energy Consumption by Sector (2002) 165 Million BOE 176 Million BOE ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1111 hHousehold/Commer cial 25% 113 Million BOE
©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1212
©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1313
Transformasi Attitude (Sikap) Awareness Society Ignorance Society Proficiency Society Mastery Society ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Meningkatnya Kesadaran akan Pentingnya Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1414
Manajemen Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1515
Konsep Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1616
©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1717
Mengapa Menerapkan Manajemen Energi? • Meningkatkan keuntungan • Meningkatkan daya saing • Meningkatkan kinerja sistem ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1818 • Meningkatkan kinerja sistem • Menyederhanakan peralatan dan operasi • Meningkatkan kebersihan lingkungan • Manajemen Energi adalah bagian dari Manajemen Perusahaan secara keseluruhan
Mengapa Pemakaian Energi Belum Efisien ? • Di masa lalu harga energi relatif murah (bersubsidi) • Efisiensi energi bukan merupakan pertimbangan utama dalam desain peralatan, sehingga seringkali didapat peralatan yang oversized / belum efisien. • Investasi selalu lebih dititikberatkan pada penambahan kapasitas produksi (meski belum efisien). ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1919 kapasitas produksi (meski belum efisien). • Biaya investasi awal peralatan yang efisien umumnya lebih mahal. • Terbatasnya pengetahuan teknis mengenai konservasi energi. • Budaya perusahaan belum mempertimbangkan optimasi sistem energi • Tidak ada yang mau bertanggungjawab pada ketidak- efisienan walau sudah terukur/terbukti
Primary Energy Conversion Final Energy End-use Useful Energy Energy Service Konversi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2020 Batubara Pembangkit Listrik Transmisi Lampu Energi Radiasi Penerangan 100% 30% 27% 25% 20% 15%
Power plant losses 70% Transmission & distribution losses 9%. Motor losses 10% Drive train losses 10% Motor losses 10% Pump losses 10% Throttle losses 10% Kesetimbangan Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Pipe losses 10% 9.5 units of energy output From the Drivepower Technology Atlas Courtesy of E SOURCE, www.esource.com ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2121
Genset BBM Udara Flue gas Listrik Kesetimbangan energi pada Genset ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia EFF = 100 % - ( % fluegas loss + % cooling water loss + % radiation&convection loss) SFC = lt BBM/kwh Listrik Cooling water Rad & conv ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2222
Radiasi matahari rata-rata U BL TL 130 113 211 ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia S TB TGBD 112 97 97 176 243 (W/m2) ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2323
Pengudaraan dan pencahayaan alamiah Secara umum rumah mempunyai kemampuan untuk mendinginkan ruang secara alamiah • Pemanfaatan ventilasi silang • Desain plafon tinggi • Penggunaan menara angin ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia • Penggunaan menara angin • Ventilasi dan insulasi atap • Penggunaan warna terang • Pemilihan material • Hindari effek rumah kaca • Tanaman hijau ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2424
Bagaimana Berhemat ? Pendingin Ruangan Daya (Watt) 750 Daya (Watt) 750 Kurangi Waktu Pemakaian © Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering – University of Indonesia 2525 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva = 3000 Wh = 3 kWh 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva Berkurang, menjadi = 2250 Wh = 2,25kWh
Penerangan Lampu Pijar Daya (Watt) 100 Daya (Watt) 100 Kurangi Daya Lampu dgn LHEKurangi Daya Lampu dgn LHE © Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering – University of Indonesia 2626 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva = 400 Wh = 0,4 kWh 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva Berkurang, menjadi = 80 Wh = 0,08 kWh 20
Refrigerator ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2727
Formulir pemakaian energi rumah tangga Pemakaian Energi Rumah Tangga Jenis Pemakaian Jenis Peralatan Daya listrik Jumlah alat Waktu Lama Energi Biaya pemakaian Pakai (h) (kWh) (Rp) Penerangan LHE LHE LHE Lampu Pijar Lampu TL Lampu Sorot Lainnya Peralatan Dapur Kompor Listrik Oven Listrik Microwave Oven Dispenser Air Kulkas Blender Lainnya ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Pengkondisian AC Ruangan-1 Udara AC Ruangan-2 AC Ruangan-3 AC Ruangan-4 AC Ruangan-5 Kipas Angin Pembersih Udara Lainnya Peralatan Hiburan TV-1 TV-2 TV-3 Players-1 Komputer-1 Komputer-2 Lainnya Peralatan Cuci dan Pompa Air-1 Kamar Mandi Pompa Air-2 Water heater Air Dryer Setrika Listrik Mesin Cuci Lainnya Jumlah Pemakaian Energi Bulanan ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2828
Tahapan Awal • Pembentukan komitmen dan kesadaran untuk melakukan konservasi energi di tingkat manajemen dan operator lapangan. • Ditugaskannya seorang “energi manajer” serta Memulai Kegiatan Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2929 • Ditugaskannya seorang “energi manajer” serta organisasinya yang bertanggungjawab kepada pimpinan perusahaan. • Inventasisasi permasalahan dan penyelesaiannya. • Dilaksanakannya audit energi
Pelaksanaan Audit Energi Penyusunan strategi audit energi Pengumpulan data teknis Diskusi dengan penanggung jawab energi. ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3030 Tinjauan lapangan. Pengumpulan data operasi & data pendukung Pengukuran langsung dan pengamatan. Verifikasi data.
Penyusunan neraca massa dan energi. Evaluasi pola penggunaan energi. Analisis Data Audit Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3131 Evaluasi kinerja peralatan utama. Identifikasi peluang penghematan energi. Evaluasi ekonomi.
NERACA MASSA: Berguna untuk mengetahui tingkat ketelitian pembacaan flowmeter aliran masa yang masuk dan keluar Penyusunan Neraca Massa dan Energi NERACA ENERGI: ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3232 NERACA ENERGI: Untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi pada setiap peralatan utama. Untuk mengetahui distribusi penggunaan energi di seluruh pabrik. Untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkwantifikasi panas yang hilang guna meningkatkan “Efficiency”.
Menurunkan Biaya Listrik di Industri 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 kVA Minimum billable demand – 1683 kVA Contracted demand – 2250 kVA Maximum Demand Dengan menurunkan Beban Puncak (KVA) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia M ay'01 Jun'01 Jul'01 Aug'01 Sep'01 O ct'01 Nov'01 Dec'01 Jan'02 Feb'02 M ar'02 Apr'02 Month Beban Puncak (KVA) Energi ( KWH) ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3333
Typical daily load curve of Java – Madura – Bali system [PLN, 2006] 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 Electricityconsumption(MW) Household Commercial Industry TOTAL ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 2 4 6 Time Electricityconsumption(MW) ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3434
Manajemen Beban Listrik o Geser beban keluar Waktu Beban Puncak (WBP) o Pasang alat pengontrol beban (automatic load shedding) o Pasang kapasitor bank untuk memperbaiki cos phi Menurunkan KWh Listrik ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3535 Peralatan-peralatan utama Transformator Sistem distribusi listrik Motor dan beban beban lain Menurunkan KWh Listrik
Target Penerapan Konservasi Energy di Industri Manajemen Beban Listrik (lanjut) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 363636
Sektor Bisnis Konsumsi sektor bisnis dan perkantoran menempati urutan kedua dalam konsumsi energi listrik setelah sektor industri. Sektor ini juga memberikan kontribusi pada waktu beban puncak hingga sekitar pukul 20.00 ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Bagaimanakah komposisi konsumsi energi listrik untuk sektor perkantoran dan bisnis? ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3737
Secara umum komposisi konsumsi listrik sector ini adalah (i) pengkondisian udara (48–60)%, (ii) penerangan (16-20)%, (iii) utilitas lainnya seperti lift dan pompa (17-25)%, Sektor Bisnis ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia (iv) peralatan kantor dan telekomunikasi (14-20)%. Gedung kantor modern umumnya juga dilengkapi dengan alat telekomunikasi, pengkondisian udara untuk ruang server dan penyimpan data yang bekerja 24 jam per hari. Besarnya kebutuhan energi listrik dasar dapat mencapai kisaran 20% dari kebutuhan rata-rata harian. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3838
Tips hemat untuk manajemen gedung Mendata, menganalisis dan mensosialisasikan pola konsumsi energi listrik bulanan sepanjang tahun. Memotret jumlah konsumsi dan komposisi energi gedung, dengan melakukan audit energi gedung secara berkala. Kegiatan ini juga akan memberikan potensi penghematan energi yang signifikan, misalnya ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia mengoptimumkan jumlah unit transformator yang digunakan. Pengoperasian transformator mendekati kapasitasnya, dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi rugi laten (core) pada transformator. Melakukan kegiatan pemeliharaan bangunan secara berkala, khususnya yang terkait dengan insulasi, peralatan mekanikal dan elektrikal yang mengkonsumsi energi dalam jumlah besar. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3939
Memelihara kondisi lingkungan yang hijau sehingga dapat menurunkan temperatur ambient dan efek radiasi matahari. Melakukan manajemen energi melalui pengaturan penggunaan fasilitas bersama seperti pengendalian jam operasi mesin pengkondisian udara (AC) serta pengaturan zona operasi, zona lantai untuk lift, pengendalian Tips hemat untuk manajemen gedung ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia pencahayaan ruang bersama, dan penghematan penggunaan air. Modifikasi dan otomatisasi peralatan pengendali apabila memungkinkan, serta penggantian peralatan dengan yang lebih hemat energi. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4040
Matikan monitor, printer, lampu, dan mesin fotocopy setiap kali anda meninggalkan ruangan, khususnya saat beristirahat, waktu makan siang, atau rapat di ruangan lainnya. Matikan komputer, apabila meninggalkan kantor lebih dari 2 jam. Manfaatkan penerangan alami dengan membuka tirai jendela, Tips hemat untuk manajemen gedung ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Manfaatkan penerangan alami dengan membuka tirai jendela, khususnya di pagi dan sore hari. Cetaklah dokumen kerja apabila benar-benar dibutuhkan. Pergunakan lampu hemat energi dan lampu meja sehingga tidak membutuhkan penerangan ruangan yang berlebihan. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4141
Sesuaikan penggunaan pakaian kerja yang cocok dengan negeri tropis, sehingga dapat nyaman bekerja pada kisaran temperatur ruangan 25- 26oC. Jika memungkinkan batasi bekerja di waktu lembur. Ingat jam 17.00 s.d. 22.00 adalah waktu beban puncak harian. Tips hemat untuk pengguna gedung ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Pergunakan tangga untuk menaiki atau menuruni 2 lantai bangunan. Lebih sehat dan hemat. Kurangi kegiatan rapat, dengan mengoptimumkan pemanfaatan komunikasi elektronik. Hematlah dalam penggunaan air, karena air adalah sumber kehidupan. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4242
Dalam berhemat energi semua dapat berkontribusi, ……… mulailah dari diri sendiri ! ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia mulailah dari diri sendiri ! ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4343

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Bab1 pengantar konservasi-energi_compatibility_mode_

  • 1. Bab 1 Pengantar Konservasi Energi © Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering – University of Indonesia 11
  • 2. OutlineOutline Pengertian Umum Sejarah Harga Energi Kebijakan Konservasi Energi di Indonesia Dasar-dasar Manajemen Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Dasar-dasar Manajemen Energi Memulai Kegiatan Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 22
  • 3. Energi : • Kemampuan untuk melakukan usaha / melakukan berbagai proses kegiatan. • Bentuk energi umumnya berupa bahan bakar, listrik, energi mekanis dan panas. PengertianPengertian UmumUmum ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 33
  • 4. The human body Air-conditioning systems Airplanes Pengertian UmumPengertian Umum ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 44 Power plantsCar radiators Refrigeration systems Manajemen energi : Kegiatan pengelolaan energi secara terencana, terarah, dan berkesinambungan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan energi.
  • 5. PengertianPengertian Umum (lanjutan)Umum (lanjutan) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 55
  • 6. Konservasi energi : Kegiatan pemanfaatan energi secara efisien dan rasional tanpa mengurangi penggunaan energi yang memang benar-benar diperlukan serta tidak mengurangi kenyamanan. PengertianPengertian Umum (lanjutan)Umum (lanjutan) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 66 Audit energi : Kegiatan pemeriksaan / pengkajian penggunaan energi untuk mengetahui tingkat pemakaian energi serta menganalisis peluang penghematan energi yang layak untuk diimplementasikan secara teknis dan ekonomi.
  • 7. Harga Minyak Mentah Internasional ( harga nominal ) Sejarah Harga EnergiSejarah Harga Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 77
  • 8. Peristiwa Besar Dunia dan Pengaruhnya pada Harga Minyak Mentah (1970-2004) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 88
  • 9. Harga Batubara InternasionalHarga Batubara Internasional ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Kompas, Senin 3 Maret 2008 ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 99
  • 10. Langkah-langkah Kebijakan EnergiLangkah-langkah Kebijakan Energi BB Incentives/Incentives/ DisincentivesDisincentives CC RegulationRegulation DD PricePrice POLICYPOLICY INSTRUMENTINSTRUMENT GREEN ENERGY Policy Energy Conservation AA InformationInformation BB Incentives/Incentives/ DisincentivesDisincentives CC RegulationRegulation DD PricePrice POLICYPOLICY INSTRUMENTINSTRUMENT GREEN ENERGY Policy Energy ConservationEnergy Conservation AA InformationInformation ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1010 DisincentivesDisincentives Campaign Consultation Training Education Awards DSM - Household - Public Street Lighting Cooperation/Part nership: - Stakeholder - -CDM Tax ReductionTax Reduction Import TaxImport Tax ExemptionsExemptions Low InterestLow Interest Investment FundInvestment Fund Energy Manager Energy Management Energy Audit Energy Consumption Monitoring Energy Intensity Target Energy Efficient Design Standardization Implementation Standard Transportation (CALTI) Energy Equipment Labeling Economical EnergyEconomical Energy PricingPricing AutomaticallyAutomatically Electricity TariffElectricity Tariff PROGRAMPROGRAM DisincentivesDisincentives Campaign Consultation Training Education Awards DSM - Household - Public Street Lighting Cooperation/Part nership: - Stakeholder - -CDM Tax ReductionTax Reduction Import TaxImport Tax ExemptionsExemptions Low InterestLow Interest Investment FundInvestment Fund Energy Manager Energy Management Energy Audit Energy Consumption Monitoring Energy Intensity Target Energy Efficient Design Standardization Implementation Standard Transportation (CALTI) Energy Equipment Labeling Economical EnergyEconomical Energy PricingPricing AutomaticallyAutomatically Electricity TariffElectricity Tariff PROGRAMPROGRAM
  • 11. Transportation 36% Industry 39% Final Energy Consumption by Sector (2002) 165 Million BOE 176 Million BOE ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1111 hHousehold/Commer cial 25% 113 Million BOE
  • 12. ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1212
  • 13. ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1313
  • 14. Transformasi Attitude (Sikap) Awareness Society Ignorance Society Proficiency Society Mastery Society ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Meningkatnya Kesadaran akan Pentingnya Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1414
  • 15. Manajemen Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1515
  • 16. Konsep Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1616
  • 17. ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1717
  • 18. Mengapa Menerapkan Manajemen Energi? • Meningkatkan keuntungan • Meningkatkan daya saing • Meningkatkan kinerja sistem ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1818 • Meningkatkan kinerja sistem • Menyederhanakan peralatan dan operasi • Meningkatkan kebersihan lingkungan • Manajemen Energi adalah bagian dari Manajemen Perusahaan secara keseluruhan
  • 19. Mengapa Pemakaian Energi Belum Efisien ? • Di masa lalu harga energi relatif murah (bersubsidi) • Efisiensi energi bukan merupakan pertimbangan utama dalam desain peralatan, sehingga seringkali didapat peralatan yang oversized / belum efisien. • Investasi selalu lebih dititikberatkan pada penambahan kapasitas produksi (meski belum efisien). ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 1919 kapasitas produksi (meski belum efisien). • Biaya investasi awal peralatan yang efisien umumnya lebih mahal. • Terbatasnya pengetahuan teknis mengenai konservasi energi. • Budaya perusahaan belum mempertimbangkan optimasi sistem energi • Tidak ada yang mau bertanggungjawab pada ketidak- efisienan walau sudah terukur/terbukti
  • 20. Primary Energy Conversion Final Energy End-use Useful Energy Energy Service Konversi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2020 Batubara Pembangkit Listrik Transmisi Lampu Energi Radiasi Penerangan 100% 30% 27% 25% 20% 15%
  • 21. Power plant losses 70% Transmission & distribution losses 9%. Motor losses 10% Drive train losses 10% Motor losses 10% Pump losses 10% Throttle losses 10% Kesetimbangan Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Pipe losses 10% 9.5 units of energy output From the Drivepower Technology Atlas Courtesy of E SOURCE, www.esource.com ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2121
  • 22. Genset BBM Udara Flue gas Listrik Kesetimbangan energi pada Genset ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia EFF = 100 % - ( % fluegas loss + % cooling water loss + % radiation&convection loss) SFC = lt BBM/kwh Listrik Cooling water Rad & conv ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2222
  • 23. Radiasi matahari rata-rata U BL TL 130 113 211 ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia S TB TGBD 112 97 97 176 243 (W/m2) ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2323
  • 24. Pengudaraan dan pencahayaan alamiah Secara umum rumah mempunyai kemampuan untuk mendinginkan ruang secara alamiah • Pemanfaatan ventilasi silang • Desain plafon tinggi • Penggunaan menara angin ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia • Penggunaan menara angin • Ventilasi dan insulasi atap • Penggunaan warna terang • Pemilihan material • Hindari effek rumah kaca • Tanaman hijau ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2424
  • 25. Bagaimana Berhemat ? Pendingin Ruangan Daya (Watt) 750 Daya (Watt) 750 Kurangi Waktu Pemakaian © Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering – University of Indonesia 2525 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva = 3000 Wh = 3 kWh 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva Berkurang, menjadi = 2250 Wh = 2,25kWh
  • 26. Penerangan Lampu Pijar Daya (Watt) 100 Daya (Watt) 100 Kurangi Daya Lampu dgn LHEKurangi Daya Lampu dgn LHE © Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering Department - Faculty of Engineering – University of Indonesia 2626 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva = 400 Wh = 0,4 kWh 0 2 431 Waktu (h) Energi = Daya * Waktu (kWh) = Luas Kurva Berkurang, menjadi = 80 Wh = 0,08 kWh 20
  • 27. Refrigerator ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2727
  • 28. Formulir pemakaian energi rumah tangga Pemakaian Energi Rumah Tangga Jenis Pemakaian Jenis Peralatan Daya listrik Jumlah alat Waktu Lama Energi Biaya pemakaian Pakai (h) (kWh) (Rp) Penerangan LHE LHE LHE Lampu Pijar Lampu TL Lampu Sorot Lainnya Peralatan Dapur Kompor Listrik Oven Listrik Microwave Oven Dispenser Air Kulkas Blender Lainnya ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Pengkondisian AC Ruangan-1 Udara AC Ruangan-2 AC Ruangan-3 AC Ruangan-4 AC Ruangan-5 Kipas Angin Pembersih Udara Lainnya Peralatan Hiburan TV-1 TV-2 TV-3 Players-1 Komputer-1 Komputer-2 Lainnya Peralatan Cuci dan Pompa Air-1 Kamar Mandi Pompa Air-2 Water heater Air Dryer Setrika Listrik Mesin Cuci Lainnya Jumlah Pemakaian Energi Bulanan ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2828
  • 29. Tahapan Awal • Pembentukan komitmen dan kesadaran untuk melakukan konservasi energi di tingkat manajemen dan operator lapangan. • Ditugaskannya seorang “energi manajer” serta Memulai Kegiatan Konservasi Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 2929 • Ditugaskannya seorang “energi manajer” serta organisasinya yang bertanggungjawab kepada pimpinan perusahaan. • Inventasisasi permasalahan dan penyelesaiannya. • Dilaksanakannya audit energi
  • 30. Pelaksanaan Audit Energi Penyusunan strategi audit energi Pengumpulan data teknis Diskusi dengan penanggung jawab energi. ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3030 Tinjauan lapangan. Pengumpulan data operasi & data pendukung Pengukuran langsung dan pengamatan. Verifikasi data.
  • 31. Penyusunan neraca massa dan energi. Evaluasi pola penggunaan energi. Analisis Data Audit Energi ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3131 Evaluasi kinerja peralatan utama. Identifikasi peluang penghematan energi. Evaluasi ekonomi.
  • 32. NERACA MASSA: Berguna untuk mengetahui tingkat ketelitian pembacaan flowmeter aliran masa yang masuk dan keluar Penyusunan Neraca Massa dan Energi NERACA ENERGI: ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3232 NERACA ENERGI: Untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi pada setiap peralatan utama. Untuk mengetahui distribusi penggunaan energi di seluruh pabrik. Untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengkwantifikasi panas yang hilang guna meningkatkan “Efficiency”.
  • 33. Menurunkan Biaya Listrik di Industri 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 kVA Minimum billable demand – 1683 kVA Contracted demand – 2250 kVA Maximum Demand Dengan menurunkan Beban Puncak (KVA) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia M ay'01 Jun'01 Jul'01 Aug'01 Sep'01 O ct'01 Nov'01 Dec'01 Jan'02 Feb'02 M ar'02 Apr'02 Month Beban Puncak (KVA) Energi ( KWH) ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3333
  • 34. Typical daily load curve of Java – Madura – Bali system [PLN, 2006] 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 Electricityconsumption(MW) Household Commercial Industry TOTAL ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 2 4 6 Time Electricityconsumption(MW) ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3434
  • 35. Manajemen Beban Listrik o Geser beban keluar Waktu Beban Puncak (WBP) o Pasang alat pengontrol beban (automatic load shedding) o Pasang kapasitor bank untuk memperbaiki cos phi Menurunkan KWh Listrik ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3535 Peralatan-peralatan utama Transformator Sistem distribusi listrik Motor dan beban beban lain Menurunkan KWh Listrik
  • 36. Target Penerapan Konservasi Energy di Industri Manajemen Beban Listrik (lanjut) ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 363636
  • 37. Sektor Bisnis Konsumsi sektor bisnis dan perkantoran menempati urutan kedua dalam konsumsi energi listrik setelah sektor industri. Sektor ini juga memberikan kontribusi pada waktu beban puncak hingga sekitar pukul 20.00 ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Bagaimanakah komposisi konsumsi energi listrik untuk sektor perkantoran dan bisnis? ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3737
  • 38. Secara umum komposisi konsumsi listrik sector ini adalah (i) pengkondisian udara (48–60)%, (ii) penerangan (16-20)%, (iii) utilitas lainnya seperti lift dan pompa (17-25)%, Sektor Bisnis ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia (iv) peralatan kantor dan telekomunikasi (14-20)%. Gedung kantor modern umumnya juga dilengkapi dengan alat telekomunikasi, pengkondisian udara untuk ruang server dan penyimpan data yang bekerja 24 jam per hari. Besarnya kebutuhan energi listrik dasar dapat mencapai kisaran 20% dari kebutuhan rata-rata harian. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3838
  • 39. Tips hemat untuk manajemen gedung Mendata, menganalisis dan mensosialisasikan pola konsumsi energi listrik bulanan sepanjang tahun. Memotret jumlah konsumsi dan komposisi energi gedung, dengan melakukan audit energi gedung secara berkala. Kegiatan ini juga akan memberikan potensi penghematan energi yang signifikan, misalnya ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia mengoptimumkan jumlah unit transformator yang digunakan. Pengoperasian transformator mendekati kapasitasnya, dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi rugi laten (core) pada transformator. Melakukan kegiatan pemeliharaan bangunan secara berkala, khususnya yang terkait dengan insulasi, peralatan mekanikal dan elektrikal yang mengkonsumsi energi dalam jumlah besar. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 3939
  • 40. Memelihara kondisi lingkungan yang hijau sehingga dapat menurunkan temperatur ambient dan efek radiasi matahari. Melakukan manajemen energi melalui pengaturan penggunaan fasilitas bersama seperti pengendalian jam operasi mesin pengkondisian udara (AC) serta pengaturan zona operasi, zona lantai untuk lift, pengendalian Tips hemat untuk manajemen gedung ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia pencahayaan ruang bersama, dan penghematan penggunaan air. Modifikasi dan otomatisasi peralatan pengendali apabila memungkinkan, serta penggantian peralatan dengan yang lebih hemat energi. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4040
  • 41. Matikan monitor, printer, lampu, dan mesin fotocopy setiap kali anda meninggalkan ruangan, khususnya saat beristirahat, waktu makan siang, atau rapat di ruangan lainnya. Matikan komputer, apabila meninggalkan kantor lebih dari 2 jam. Manfaatkan penerangan alami dengan membuka tirai jendela, Tips hemat untuk manajemen gedung ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Manfaatkan penerangan alami dengan membuka tirai jendela, khususnya di pagi dan sore hari. Cetaklah dokumen kerja apabila benar-benar dibutuhkan. Pergunakan lampu hemat energi dan lampu meja sehingga tidak membutuhkan penerangan ruangan yang berlebihan. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4141
  • 42. Sesuaikan penggunaan pakaian kerja yang cocok dengan negeri tropis, sehingga dapat nyaman bekerja pada kisaran temperatur ruangan 25- 26oC. Jika memungkinkan batasi bekerja di waktu lembur. Ingat jam 17.00 s.d. 22.00 adalah waktu beban puncak harian. Tips hemat untuk pengguna gedung ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia Pergunakan tangga untuk menaiki atau menuruni 2 lantai bangunan. Lebih sehat dan hemat. Kurangi kegiatan rapat, dengan mengoptimumkan pemanfaatan komunikasi elektronik. Hematlah dalam penggunaan air, karena air adalah sumber kehidupan. ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4242
  • 43. Dalam berhemat energi semua dapat berkontribusi, ……… mulailah dari diri sendiri ! ©© Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT.Prof.Dr.Ir. Bambang Suryawan, MT. 2009 Edition2009 Edition Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia mulailah dari diri sendiri ! ©© Prof.Dr.IrProf.Dr.Ir.. BambangBambang SuryawanSuryawan, MT., MT. Mechanical Engineering DepartmentMechanical Engineering Department -- Faculty of EngineeringFaculty of Engineering –– University of IndonesiaUniversity of Indonesia 4343