This document discusses cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), including its history, major venous drainage pathways of the cranium, aetiology, neurological features, frequency of sinus involvement, and investigations. It provides details on the dural sinuses, superficial and deep cerebral veins, dural veins, scalp veins, and cervical veins that drain the brain. Common causes of CVT include oral contraceptives, pregnancy, hematological/immunological abnormalities, infections, and malignancy. Headache and focal neurological deficits are frequent symptoms, while impaired consciousness and seizures also occur. Imaging studies like CT, MRI, and angiography along with lumbar puncture are used to diagnose CVT.
12. Neurological Features of
CVT
Signs and Symptoms
Features(%)
Recent Headaches 95
Focal Deficits 46
Paresis 40
Dysphasia 22
Visuospatial disorder 09
Homonymous hemianopia 06
Generalized seizures 37
13. Neurological Features of
CVT
Signs and Symptoms
Features(%)
Focal Seizures only 10
Pappilloedema 41
Impaired Consciousness(GCS<14) 39
Coma(GCS<5) 15
Isolated intracranial hypertension 20
Transient neurological symptoms 14
Brainstem/cerebellar signs 12
Visual impairment 10
14. Frequency of involvement
of the various sinuses in
CVT
Structure ICVST(%) Our Study(%)
Cortical Veins 17 6.33
Superior sagittal sinus 62 71.7
Straight sinus 18 ----
Tranverse Sinus 36 33.3
Sigmoid sinus ---- 15
Jugular veins 12 ----
Vein of Galen and
Internal Cerebral vein 11 ----
Cavernous sinus ---- 1.67
15. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Lateral Sinus Thrombosis
• Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis
• Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis
• Thrombosis of the other dural sinuses