Genomics refers to examining DNA code to understand how it works and how it can be used to treat diseases. Genomics is useful for cancer research in three ways: 1) Revealing genetic mutations that increase cancer risk, 2) Targeting treatments to specific tumor structures, and 3) Identifying potential gene-focused medicines. Tony Blau examines genomic applications for treating cancer as co-director of the University of Washington's stem cell institute.

1. By Tony Blau, MD

2. A relatively new scientific discipline, genomics
refers to examination of DNA code to
understand how it works and how it can be
used to better understand and treat diseases. In
cancer research, genomics is useful in several
ways:

3. 1. Revealing genetic mutations that make individuals more
susceptible to certain types of cancers. In October of 2012,
researchers discovered one such mutation that increased the risk
of developing chordoma, a rare type of carcinoma. Such
discoveries may help scientists to better understand all
variations of cancer and identify individuals at the highest risk
for developing those cancers.
1. Targeting treatment strategies to specific cancer structures.
Genomics can be applied to tumors as well as individuals.
Understanding tumors on the genetic level can help researchers
develop treatments designed to target their weakest spots.
2. Identifying potential gene-focused medicines to fight cancer.
Pharmaceutical companies have poured funding into research
for medications that work at the genetic level or rely on genetic
information to fight disease.

4. As Co-Director of the University of
Washington’s Institute for Stem Cell
and Regenerative Medicine,
Anthony “Tony” Blau, MD, examines
potential genomic applications for
treating cancer. As part of this effort
he co-founded the not-for-profit
organization, Partners in Personal
Oncology.