7. We are made of stories Stories help reinforce meaning and values in a culture. Symbols help recall stories. People don’t just tell stories. S tories tell people who we are, how to live...
8. Frame: “ schemata of interpretation” (Goffman, 1974) Frame-alignment : a process to explain social movement theory (Snow & Benford, 1988) Core framing-tasks: 1. Diagnostic framing for the identification of a problem and assignment of blame 2. Prognostic framing to suggest solutions , strategies, and tactics to a problem 3. Motivational framing that serves as a call to arms or rationale for action
9. Metaphors We Live By (1980) "Our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature." Embodied Mind almost all of human cognition, up through the most abstract reasoning, depends on and makes use of such concrete and "low-level" facilities as the sensorimotor system and the emotions. Cognitive Science: "We are neural beings…” Meta-Metaphor: Strict Father/Nurturant Parent
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13. Frame: The larger story that shapes understanding of information, experiences, and messages; the structure and boundaries of a narrative that defines point-of-view and power. Frames operate is pre-existing narrative lenses in our minds.
20. Meme “ A unit of self replicating cultural information” Contagious ideas, stories, images, and rituals that spread from imagination to imagination, generation to generation, shaping and shifting human cultures… a capsule for a story to spread…
This film by researchers Heider & Simmel (1944) simply portrays geometric objects moving around a 2D plane, but people will usually describe the film in anthropomorphic terms, i.e., as as [sic] the social interactions of three human-like characters who posses [sic] personalities, emotions, and intentions.
Find the hidden tiger -- decoding, showing what’s hidden in plain sight, take another look
2 different types of social change narrative based on audience Story of the battle = mobilizing story. Reaching people who already agree with you and share your assumptions but need to be activated. Battle of the Story = persuasion story. Framing the issue -- must overcome people existing narrative filters to show them WHY it is happening and how it is relevant to them.
