The process of gaining design review approval for replacing historic windows is very demanding towards specific criteria required. The applicant must demonstrate through historic research, thorough documentation of existing conditions, and by data analysis that replacement is justified.
Design review is a subjective decision process, and PMA’s methodology provides a systematic approach resulting in objective data supporting a replacement option. The process also includes a thorough understanding of historic window material and current window manufacturing and products in order to assure the most appropriate window replacement is presented during the review process.
1. Peter Meijer Architect, PC
Historic Window Replacement Approval Process
The process of gaining design review approval for
replacing historic windows is very demanding to-
wards specific criteria required. The applicant must
demonstrate through historic research, thorough
documentation of existing conditions, and by data
analysis that replacement is justified.
Design review is a subjective decision process,
and PMA’s methodology provides a systematic ap-
proach resulting in objective data supporting a
replacement option. The process also includes a
thorough understanding of historic window materi-
al and current window manufacturing and products
in order to assure the most appropriate window re-
placement is presented during the review process. Peter Meijer Architect, PC
710 NE 21st Avenue, Suite 200
Portland, Oregon 97232
www.pmapdx.com
info@pmapdx.com
503.517.0283
2. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.4
Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) circa 1935/ MOHAI
Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) landSlide circa 1938Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) circa
1938
Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) circa 1935 /
Ht tp://pAuldOrpAt.cOM/2014/09/27/
Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) circa 1932/ MOHAI
Historic Photographs
Building Information
Building Information: Historic Photographs
Window styles, materials, and patterns are noted.
3. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.5
Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) circa 1950/ SEAt tlE puBlIc lIBrArY Pacific Tower PreSenT day
Comparison Photographs
Building Information
Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) circa 1938 Pacific Tower (US Marine HoSPiTal) 2014
Comparison Photographs
Building Information
Building Information: Compar-
ison Photographs, Historic vs.
Present Day
Windows help define the ver-
ticality of the design compo-
sition. Replacement windows
must support the initial design
concept.
4. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.11
6S-01 6S-04
7S-01 7S-04
5S-01 5S-04
4S-01 4S-04
8S-01
8S-02
8S-03
3S-13
1S-01 1S-04
2S-042S-01
3S-19
4S-194S-13
5S-13 5S-19
6S-196S-13
7S-197S-13
8S-13 8S-19
9S-13
10S-13
11S-13 11S-19
10S-19
9S-19
14S-1714S-15
1S-28
2S-28
3S-28
1S-31
2S-31
3S-31
4S-314S-28
5S-315S-28
6S-28 6S-31
7S-317S-28
8S-27
8S-28
8S-29
8S-30
8S-32
2S-13 2S-19
1S-14 2S-15
2S-16
2S-17 1S-18
1S-13 1S-19
EastAddition
3S-01 3S-04
13S-15 13S-17
Original 1932
Building
1980’s Addition1990’s Addition
1950’s Addition
S
SoUTH elevaTion - window TyPeS
key
Steel Frame / Aluminum Sash
To Be Replaced: 63
Steel Frame / Steel Sash
To Be Replaced: 4
Total on Elevation: 326
Being Replaced: 67
Total Remaining: 259
Scope: Existing Window Materials
Metal Window Replacement
EastAddition
Windows to be replaced with new
aluminum frames and sashes. Profiles
to match historic steel windows.
Windows to be replaced with new
aluminum frames and sashes. Profiles
to match historic steel windows.
Metal Window Replacement: Scope, Existing Window Materials
Low visual impact of window replacement is noted.
5. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.12Typical Window Deficiencies
de TerioraTed fraMe
rePlaced/ Poor condiTion rePlaced/ Poor condiTion
HiSToric/ Poor condiTion HiSToric/ Poor condiTion
alUMinUM corroSionde TerioraTed Se T Ting Bed
corroded linTel/SHelf angle
Moderate Condition
Windows that need significant work to restore
operation and appearance: Deficiencies
include: surface corrosion on sash/frame,
deteriorated glazing compound and/or setting
bed, cracked/missing glazing, etc.
Previously Replaced
The vast majority of the building’s steel
windows were previously replaced. The
replacement windows do not match the historic
profiles. Where only the sashes have been
replaced, the existing window frames are in
poor condition due to significant corrosion.
Poor Condition
Windows that are difficult/impossible to repair.
Deficiencies include: frames/sashes that have
corrosion section loss, significantly damaged
metal frames, corroded lintel/shelf angles
that have resulted in damaged frames/sashes,
sashes that won’t open due to significant
damage to the sash frame, etc.
Metal Window Condition Overview
Metal Window Replacement
Metal Window Replacement: Metal Window Condition Overview
Conditions indicate potential water intrusion issues.
6. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.17
All Windows
Summary of Windows to be Replaced
Metal Window Replacement
Condition of Units to be Replaced
Material of Units to be Replaced
To Remain
577 Surveyed Units Total
81% of Surveyed Windows
To Be Replaced
133 Units Total
19% of Surveyed Windows
Previously Replaced
124 Units Total
93% of Windows to be Replaced
17% of Surveyed Windows
Steel Frame/Steel Sash
22 Units Total
17% of Windows to be Replaced
3% of Surveyed Windows
Moderate Condition
4 Units Total
3% of Windows to be Replaced
0.6% of Surveyed Windows
Aluminum Frame/Aluminum Sash
4 Units Total
3% of Windows to be Replaced
0.6% of Surveyed Windows
Poor Condition
5 Units Total
4% of Windows to be Replaced
0.7% of Surveyed Windows
Steel Frame/Aluminum Sash
107 Units Total
80% of Windows to be Replaced
15% of Surveyed Windows
North Elevation - 20
South Elevation - 67
East Elevation - 16
West Elevation -21
North Elevation - 4
South Elevation - 4
East Elevation - 12
West Elevation -2
North Elevation - 0
South Elevation - 0
East Elevation - 4
West Elevation -0
North Elevation - 0
South Elevation - 0
East Elevation - 2
West Elevation -2
North Elevation - 0
South Elevation - 0
East Elevation - 5
West Elevation -0
North Elevation - 16
South Elevation - 63
East Elevation - 11
West Elevation -17
***Wood Frame/Wood Sash not
included as no wood windows are
proposed for replacement.
Metal Window Replacement: Summary of Windows to be Replaced
Empirical data helps justify a replacement option.
8. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.20
Storm Windows Wood Window Sill Flashing
EXISTING BRICK WALL
REMOVE EXISTING
WINDOW FRAME
NEW WOOD SILL BELOW.
EXISTING BRICK WALL
BEYOND
EXISTING MASONRY WALL
NEW WOOD WINDOW SILL
JAMB
SILL
EXISTING WOOD
WINDOWS
03"6"1'
51/2"
1 3/4"
EXISTING MEETING RAIL
13/4"11/8"
4 7/8"
EXISTING BRICK WALL
EXISTING WINDOW FRAME
HEAD
(n) METAL FLASHING
(n) LIQUID FLASHING
(n) METAL L-ANGLE
(n) METAL FLASHING
(n) LIQUID FLASHING
(n) METAL L-ANGLE
(n) BLOCKING
(n) FILL
(n) FILL
Exisiting Sash
(n) Wood Trim
(n) Sill
(n) Metal End Dam/
Flashing
(n) Blocking
(e) Terra Cotta
(n) Liquid Flashing
(n) Metal L-Angle
(n) Gypsum board, if
(e) plaster is damaged
in sill removal
(e) Window Frame to be
Removed and Reinstalled
(n) Metal L-
Angle [Behind]
(e) Backup Masonry
(e) Built-out wall
(n) Metal Flashing
(e) Lintel
(e) Concrete
(e) Built-out Wall
(e) Head
(n) Fill
Scope of Repair/Storm Windows
Remaining Windows
windowS reMaining in-Place
Scope of work will include the installation of new storm windows at all existing single
paned units in both the Original 1930’s Building and the 1950’s Addition. All wood
windows in both Buildings will be repaired in-place as necessary.
The existing wood windows and units where the original wood windows have been replaced
with steel are glazed with single paned glass. New interior storm windows are to be installed to
provide thermal comfort and reduced energy usage.
The existing wood windows are in varying condition. None of the wood windows currently
have sill flashing and water intrusion is an issue throughout the building. New sill flashing will
be installed at all wood windows as show in subsequent illustrations. Additionally repairs will
be performed as necessary throughout the 1930’s Building and the 1950’s Addition. In-Place
repairs to the existing wood windows will include; New Perimeter sealant will be installed at all
wood windows; All wood windows will be painted to match existing; Frames will be repaired as
necessary.
Remaining Windows: Scope of Repair/Storm Windows
Details portray knowledge of archaic construction techniques and new installation processes.
9. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.21
Surface Defects
104 Units Total
19% of Surveyed Wood Windows
Original 1930’s Building
North Elevation - 59
South Elevation - 10
East Elevation - 15
West Elevation - 10
1950’s Addition
North Elevation - 8
South Elevation - 0
East Elevation - 2
West Elevation - 0
Moderate Condition
279 Units Total
51% of Surveyed Wood Windows
Original 1930’s Building
North Elevation - 47
South Elevation - 121
East Elevation - 33
West Elevation - 47
1950’s Addition
North Elevation - 6
South Elevation - 3
East Elevation - 15
West Elevation - 7
Poor Condition
116 Units Total
21% of Surveyed Wood Windows
Original 1930’s Building
North Elevation - 6
South Elevation - 76
East Elevation - 4
West Elevation - 11
1950’s Addition
North Elevation - 2
South Elevation - 8
East Elevation - 3
West Elevation - 6
Not Surveyed/Not-Historic
48 Units Total (45 Not Surveyed, 3 Not-Historic)
9% of Surveyed Wood Windows
Original 1930’s Building
North Elevation - 13
South Elevation - 17
East Elevation - 1
West Elevation - 10
1950’s Addition
North Elevation - 3
South Elevation - 0
East Elevation - 4
West Elevation - 0
Wood Window Condition
Moderate
Poor Surface
Defects
de TerioraTed fraMe de TerioraTed SaSH
cHecked fraMe/SaSH
reinforced SaSH
SealanT de TerioraTion
de TerioraTed glazing coMPoUnd
exTerior PainT de TerioraTion
leaking
Surface Defects
Windows that need minimal
tune-ups to restore operation and
appearance. Deficiencies include:
deteriorated paint, missing weather-
stripping, deteriorated sealant,
missing hardware, etc.
Moderate Condition
Windows that need significant
work to restore operation and
appearance: Deficiencies include:
checked frames/sashes, minimally
reinforced sashes (screws holding
wood components together),
deteriorated glazing compound,
cracked/missing glazing, etc.
Poor Condition
Windows that are difficult/
impossible to repair. Deficiencies
include: significantly deteriorated
frames/sashes where wood is
beyond repair, sashes that have
been significantly reinforced with
metal angles/brackets and that
need additional reinforcement,
corroded lintel/shelf angles that
have resulted in damaged frames/
sashes, sashes that won’t open due
to significant damage to the sash
frame, etc.
Not
Surveyed
Wood Window Condition Overview
Remaining Windows
Remaining Windows: Wood Window Condition Overview
Surface defects may not require full replacement.
10. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.25
12S-19
EastAddition
2S-06 2S-07 2S-08 2S-09 2S-10 2S-11 2S-12 2S-262S-252S-242S-232S-222S-212S-20
3S-06 3S-07 3S-08 3S-09 3S-10 3S-11 3S-12 3S-263S-253S-243S-233S-223S-213S-20
4S-06 4S-07 4S-08 4S-09 4S-10 4S-11 4S-12 4S-264S-254S-244S-234S-224S-214S-20
5S-06 5S-07 5S-08 5S-09 5S-10 5S-11 5S-12 5S-265S-255S-245S-235S-225S-215S-20
6S-06 6S-07 6S-08 6S-09 6S-10 6S-11 6S-12 6S-266S-256S-246S-236S-226S-216S-20
7S-06 7S-267S-257S-247S-237S-227S-217S-20
8S-06 8S-07 8S-08 8S-09 8S-10 8S-11 8S-12 8S-268S-258S-248S-238S-228S-218S-20
9S-06 9S-07 9S-08 9S-09 9S-10 9S-11 9S-12
10S-06 10S-07 10S-08 10S-09 10S-10 10S-11 10S-12 10S-2610S-2510S-2410S-2310S-2210S-2110S-20
11S-06 11S-07 11S-08 11S-09 11S-10 11S-11 11S-12 11S-2611S-2511S-2411S-2311S-2211S-2111S-20
3S-14 3S-183S-173S-15
4S-184S-174S-154S-14
5S-185S-175S-155S-14
6S-186S-176S-156S-14
7S-187S-17
8S-188S-178S-15
10S-1810S-1710S-15
11S-1811S-1711S-15
9S-05
1S-06 1S-121S-08 1S-09 1S-10 1S-261S-20 1S-251S-241S-231S-221S-211S-111S-07
GS-06 GS-07 GS-08 GS-09 GS-10 GS-11 GS-12 GS-20 GS-21 GS-22 GS-23 GS-24 GS-25 GS-26
3S-02 3S-03
2S-02 2S-03
4S-02 4S-03
5S-02 5S-03
6S-02 6S-03
3S-303S-29
2S-302S-29
4S-304S-29
5S-305S-29
6S-306S-29
7S-307S-29
1S-29 1S-30
GS-29 GS-30
1(E)S-01
12S-12 12S-13 12S-14 12S-15 12S-17 12S-18
11S-14
10S-14
8S-14
1S-02 1S-03
GS-03GS-02
Original 1932
Building
1980’s Addition1990’s Addition
1950’s Addition
S
SoUTH ele vaTion - wood windowS
key
Total on Elevation: 326
Being Repaired: 224
Not Historic/Replaced (Not In-Kind)
Total: 2
Poor Condition
Total: 76
Moderate Condition
Total: 121
Surface Defects
Total: 10
Not Reviewed
Total: 15
Non-Wood - Outside of Repair Scope
Total: 102
Scope: Wood Window Repair
Remaining Windows
Remaining Windows: Wood Window Repair
Quantifying extent of work.
11. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.31
window TyPe
Checked Sash
Deteriorated Sash
Checked Frame
Deteriorated Frame
Reinforced Sash
Missing Window Stop
Damaged Aluminum Stop
Damaged Aluminum Frame
Damaged Aluminum Sash
Aluminum Corrosion
Sealant Deterioration
Deteriorated Glazing Compound/Setting Bed
Corroded Lintel/Shelf Angle
Sash Operation Difficult/Won’t Open
Sash Pull Hardware Missing
Sash Lock Damaged/Missing/Not Engaging
Weatherstrip Deteriorated/Missing
Exterior Paint Deterioration
Leaking
Replaced Glazing
Cracked Glazing
Missing Glazing
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -
11 -
12 -
13 -
14 -
15 -
16 -
17 -
18 -
19 -
20 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
25 -
26 -
27 -
6 -
7 -
8 -
9 -
10 -
Sash Corrosion
Frame Corrosion
Section Loss
Steel Frame Bent
Steel Sash Bent
Notes:
w-6d.15
1e-13
Poor condiTion
Window Survey Sheet
Overall Exterior Photograph
Exterior photographs of assessed windows
show general deficiencies and overall
condition.
Detail Images
Detail images taken from the interior document specific
deficiencies, unique, and severe conditions. Arrows are
used to call out specific items.
Window Survey Sheets
Each assessed window has a unique survey
sheet that documents the general and
specific deficiencies identified in the field.
Window Type
The window type describes the material,
configuration, and operation of each type.
Material: A - Aluminum, S - Steel, W - Wood
Number of Lites
Operation: D - Double Hung, S - Single Hung, F - Fixed,
A - Awning/Hopper, C - Casement
Unique Identifier
General Notes
Overall deficiencies apply to the general condition of
the entire window. These deficiencies are noted in either
the left hand column of deficiencies and/or with circled
keynotes adjacent to the window elevation. Deficiencies
are not typically noted in both locations.
Window Condition
Windows were given one of the following conditions
based off of the extensive field survey. Typical conditions
include:
Surface Defects
Moderate Condition
Poor Condition
Previously Replaced
Window Number
Each window is uniquely identified and elevations identify
the specific location of each window. Number describes
location and orientation of each window.
Floor Level
Elevation
Numbered Right to Left
Specific Deficiencies
Localized deficiencies are typically noted with keynotes/
text on each window elevation. Location and extent of
deficiencies are clearly drawn and called out.
Surface Defects
Windows that need minimal tune-ups
to restore operation and appearance.
Deficiencies include: deteriorated
paint, missing weather-stripping,
deteriorated sealant, missing
hardware, etc.
Typical Window Conditions: Moderate Condition
Windows that need significant work to restore operation
and appearance: Deficiencies include: checked frames/
sashes, minimally reinforced sashes (screws holding wood
components together), surface corrosion on sash/frame,
deteriorated glazing compound, cracked/missing glazing,
etc.
Poor Condition
Windows that are difficult/impossible to repair. Deficiencies include: significantly
deteriorated frames/sashes where wood is beyond repair, sashes that have been significantly
reinforced with metal angles/brackets and that need additional reinforcement, frames/
sashes that have corrosion section loss, significantly damaged metal frames, corroded lintel/
shelf angles that have resulted in damaged frames/sashes, sashes that won’t open due to
significant damage to the sash frame, etc.
Previously Replaced
Windows where the majority of the
historic material has been removed
and replaced with not in-kind units.
Key
Sample Survey Sheets
Sample Survey Sheets: Key
Expertise portrayed during the review process.
12. Seattle Department of Neighborhoods
Pacific Tower
Pe t e r M e i j e r A r c h i t e c t
Fe b r u a r y 4 t h , 2 0 1 4 A.32
window TyPe
Checked Sash
Deteriorated Sash
Checked Frame
Deteriorated Frame
Reinforced Sash
Missing Window Stop
Damaged Aluminum Stop
Damaged Aluminum Frame
Damaged Aluminum Sash
Aluminum Corrosion
Sealant Deterioration
Deteriorated Glazing Compound/Setting Bed
Corroded Lintel/Shelf Angle
Sash Operation Difficult/Won’t Open
Sash Pull Hardware Missing
Sash Lock Damaged/Missing/Not Engaging
Weatherstrip Deteriorated/Missing
Exterior Paint Deterioration
Leaking
Replaced Glazing
Cracked Glazing
Missing Glazing
1 -
2 -
3 -
4 -
5 -
11 -
12 -
13 -
14 -
15 -
16 -
17 -
18 -
19 -
20 -
21 -
22 -
23 -
24 -
25 -
26 -
27 -
6 -
7 -
8 -
9 -
10 -
Sash Corrosion
Frame Corrosion
Section Loss
Steel Frame Bent
Steel Sash Bent
Notes:
w-6d.4
2S-09
ModeraTe condiTion
Wood Window
Sample Survey Sheets
Sample Survey Sheets: Wood Window
EVERY window is photographed and conditions noted.