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Rails: Web API
       shaokun.wu@gmail.com


 Thanks to Leon Du and Rain Chen
You should start with...

• ruby 1.9.2
  Performance, Threads/Fibers, Encoding/Unicode...




• rails 3.1.0
  Asset pipeline, HTTP streaming, jQuery
Rails on Campus
https://github.com/kudelabs/roc-demo1
https://github.com/kudelabs/roc-demo2
GZRuby
http://groups.google.com/group/gzruby?lnk=srg
talk about...
• API
• API
•        API

•
•
Start Simple but Elegant
     http://localhost:3000/api/messages
   http://localhost:3000/api/messages/{id}
•   $ git clone git://github.com/kudelabs/roc-demo2.git

•   $ cd roc-demo2

•   $ bundle install

•   $ rake db:create

•   $ rake db:migrate

•   $ rails server

•   goto http://localhost:3000
•   $ rails generate controller api::messages
    apps/controllers/api/messages_controller.rb
    test/functional/api/messages_controller_test.rb
apps/controllers/api/messages_controller.rb
    class Api::MessagesController < ApplicationController
      # GET /api/messages.json
      def index
        @messages = Message.all

        respond_to do |format|
          format.json { render json: @messages }
        end
      end

      # GET /api/messages/1.json
      def show
        @message = Message.find(params[:id])

        respond_to do |format|
          format.json { render json: @message }
        end
      end
    end
curl http://localhost:3000/api/messages
Start Alone but
Test is Your Partner
     rake test:functionals
        rake test:units
     rake test:integration
test/functional/api/messages_controller_test.rb
   class Api::MessagesControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase
     setup do
       @message = messages(:one)
     end

    test "should get index" do
      get :index, format: :json
      assert_response :success
      assert_not_nil assigns(:messages)
    end

     test "should show message" do
       get :show, format: :json, id: @message.to_param
       assert_response :success
     end
   end
API
built-in Namespaced
     controllers
  http://localhost:3000/api/v2/messages

       Rocweibo::Application.routes.draw do
         namespace :api do
           resources :messages

           namespace :v2 do
             resources :messages
           end
         end
       end
test/functional/api/v2/messages_controller_test.rb
class Api::V2::MessagesController < Api::ApplicationController
  before_filter :authenticate, :only => :create

 ...

 # curl -X POST -H "Accept: application/json" --user shaokun.wu@gmail.com:a
 # http://localhost:3000/api/v2/messages -d "message[body]=abcdefg"
 def create
   @message = Message.new(params[:message])
   @message.user = @current_user
   @message.save!

    render json: @message
  end

  private
  def authenticate
    if user = authenticate_with_http_basic { |u, p| User.authenticate(u, p) }
      @current_user = user
    else
      request_http_basic_authentication
    end
  end
end
Keep Refactoring
whenever You could
  Don’t Repeat Yourself & Decoupling
class Api::V2::MessagesController < Api::ApplicationController
  ...

  private
  def authenticate
    if user = authenticate_with_http_basic { |u, p| User.authenticate(u, p) }
      @current_user = user
    else
      request_http_basic_authentication
    end
  end
end




class Api::ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
  private
  def authenticate
    if user = authenticate_with_http_basic { |u, p| User.authenticate(u, p) }
      @current_user = user
    else
      request_http_basic_authentication
    end
  end
end
/app/controllers/api/application_controller.rb
    class Api::ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
    end




 /app/controllers/application_controller.rb
      class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base
        helper_method :current_user, :logged_in?
        protect_from_forgery

        before_filter :require_logged_in
        ...
      end
Grape
A opinionated micro-framework for
  creating REST-like APIs in Ruby.
class Rocweibo::V1::API < Grape::API
  prefix 'api'
  version 'v1'

 resource :messages do
   get do
     Message.limit(20)
   end

    get ':id' do
      Message.find(params[:id])
    end
  end
end




                                  Rocweibo::Application.routes.draw do
                                    mount Rocweibo::V1::API => "/" # mount API routes
                                    ...
                                  end
Where to HOST your app?
No Easy Way to Host in China :(

•   Amazon EC2

•   Linode

•   DotCloud

•   Heroku
DotCloud
$ dotcloud push {myapp} {myrepopath}/
• $ dotcloud create rocdemo
• $ touch dotcloud.yml
• $ dotcloud push rocdemo .
• or
    $ dotcloud push -b mybranch rocdemo .
Deployment finished. Your application is available at the following URLs
www: http://rocdemo-limiru2n.dotcloud.com/
add mysql service
# just update the content of your dotcloud.yml
www:
  type: ruby                                      $ dotcloud info rocdemo
data:
  type: mysql                                     data:
                                                       config:
                                                           mysql_password: ...
                                                       instances: 1
                                                       type: mysql
# also, update the content of your database.yml
                                                  www:
production:
                                                       config:
  adapter: mysql2
                                                           rack-env: production
  encoding: utf8
                                                           ruby-version: 1.9.2
  reconnect: false
                                                       instances: 1
  database: roc_demo2_production
                                                       type: ruby
  pool: 5
                                                       url: http://rocdemo-limiru2n.dotclo
  username: root
  password: ...
  port: 14895
  host: rocdemo-LIMIRU2N.dotcloud.com
• dotcloud logs rocdemo.www
• dotcloud ssh rocdemo.www
• dotcloud info rocdemo
Rails Admin
•   Display database tables

•   Create new data

•   Easily update data

•   Safely delete data

•   Automatic form validation

•   Search and filtering

•   Export data to CSV/JSON/XML

•   Authentication (via Devise)

•   User action history
• add the line below to your Gemfile
  gem 'rails_admin', :git => 'git://github.com/sferik/rails_admin.git'



• $ bundle install
• $ rails g rails_admin:install
Cache & Daemon
def index
  @messages = Rails.cache.fetch('all_messages', :expires_in => 30.seconds) do
    Message.all
  end

  respond_to do |format|
    format.json { render json: @messages }
  end
end
Started GET "/api/v2/messages.json" for 127.0.0.1 at 2011-09-15 17:29:53 +0800
  Processing by Api::V2::MessagesController#index as JSON
  Message Load (0.1ms)          SELECT "messages".* FROM "messages"
Completed 200 OK in 46ms (Views: 11.4ms | ActiveRecord: 0.4ms)



Started GET "/api/v2/messages.json" for 127.0.0.1 at 2011-09-15 17:29:58 +0800
  Processing by Api::V2::MessagesController#index as JSON
Completed 200 OK in 7ms (Views: 6.1ms | ActiveRecord: 0.2ms)
•    Production



•        Cache


• Production      memcache
Rocweibo::Application.configure do
  # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb

  # Code is not reloaded between requests
  config.cache_classes = true

  ...
  # Use a different cache store in production
  # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store
  ...
  # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to
  # the I18n.default_locale when a translation can not be found)
  config.i18n.fallbacks = true

  # Send deprecation notices to registered listeners
  config.active_support.deprecation = :notify
end
Daemon
how to run your Background Job
     rails runner lib/my_script.rb
puts %(There are #{Message.count} messages
and #{User.count} users in our database.)

count = Reply.delete_all(["body LIKE ?", "%fuck%"])
puts "#{count} replies contains "fuck" got deleted."

count = User.delete_all(
  [
    "created_at < ? AND email_confirmed = ?",
    Time.new - 2.days,
    false
  ]
)

puts "#{count} not confirmed users within 2 days got deleted."
Delayed Job
http://railscasts.com/episodes/171-delayed-job
still interesting...

•   http://martinciu.com/2011/01/mounting-grape-api-inside-rails-
    application.html

•   http://docs.dotcloud.com/services/ruby/

•   http://railscasts.com/episodes/171-delayed-job

•   http://www.sinatrarb.com/
@shaokunwu
http://weibo.com/shaokunwu

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Rails web api 开发

  • 1. Rails: Web API shaokun.wu@gmail.com Thanks to Leon Du and Rain Chen
  • 2. You should start with... • ruby 1.9.2 Performance, Threads/Fibers, Encoding/Unicode... • rails 3.1.0 Asset pipeline, HTTP streaming, jQuery
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 7. talk about... • API • API • API • •
  • 8. Start Simple but Elegant http://localhost:3000/api/messages http://localhost:3000/api/messages/{id}
  • 9. $ git clone git://github.com/kudelabs/roc-demo2.git • $ cd roc-demo2 • $ bundle install • $ rake db:create • $ rake db:migrate • $ rails server • goto http://localhost:3000
  • 10. $ rails generate controller api::messages apps/controllers/api/messages_controller.rb test/functional/api/messages_controller_test.rb
  • 11. apps/controllers/api/messages_controller.rb class Api::MessagesController < ApplicationController # GET /api/messages.json def index @messages = Message.all respond_to do |format| format.json { render json: @messages } end end # GET /api/messages/1.json def show @message = Message.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.json { render json: @message } end end end
  • 13. Start Alone but Test is Your Partner rake test:functionals rake test:units rake test:integration
  • 14. test/functional/api/messages_controller_test.rb class Api::MessagesControllerTest < ActionController::TestCase setup do @message = messages(:one) end test "should get index" do get :index, format: :json assert_response :success assert_not_nil assigns(:messages) end test "should show message" do get :show, format: :json, id: @message.to_param assert_response :success end end
  • 15. API
  • 16. built-in Namespaced controllers http://localhost:3000/api/v2/messages Rocweibo::Application.routes.draw do namespace :api do resources :messages namespace :v2 do resources :messages end end end
  • 17. test/functional/api/v2/messages_controller_test.rb class Api::V2::MessagesController < Api::ApplicationController before_filter :authenticate, :only => :create ... # curl -X POST -H "Accept: application/json" --user shaokun.wu@gmail.com:a # http://localhost:3000/api/v2/messages -d "message[body]=abcdefg" def create @message = Message.new(params[:message]) @message.user = @current_user @message.save! render json: @message end private def authenticate if user = authenticate_with_http_basic { |u, p| User.authenticate(u, p) } @current_user = user else request_http_basic_authentication end end end
  • 18. Keep Refactoring whenever You could Don’t Repeat Yourself & Decoupling
  • 19. class Api::V2::MessagesController < Api::ApplicationController ... private def authenticate if user = authenticate_with_http_basic { |u, p| User.authenticate(u, p) } @current_user = user else request_http_basic_authentication end end end class Api::ApplicationController < ActionController::Base private def authenticate if user = authenticate_with_http_basic { |u, p| User.authenticate(u, p) } @current_user = user else request_http_basic_authentication end end end
  • 20. /app/controllers/api/application_controller.rb class Api::ApplicationController < ActionController::Base end /app/controllers/application_controller.rb class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base helper_method :current_user, :logged_in? protect_from_forgery before_filter :require_logged_in ... end
  • 21. Grape A opinionated micro-framework for creating REST-like APIs in Ruby.
  • 22. class Rocweibo::V1::API < Grape::API prefix 'api' version 'v1' resource :messages do get do Message.limit(20) end get ':id' do Message.find(params[:id]) end end end Rocweibo::Application.routes.draw do mount Rocweibo::V1::API => "/" # mount API routes ... end
  • 23. Where to HOST your app?
  • 24. No Easy Way to Host in China :( • Amazon EC2 • Linode • DotCloud • Heroku
  • 25. DotCloud $ dotcloud push {myapp} {myrepopath}/
  • 26. • $ dotcloud create rocdemo • $ touch dotcloud.yml • $ dotcloud push rocdemo . • or $ dotcloud push -b mybranch rocdemo . Deployment finished. Your application is available at the following URLs www: http://rocdemo-limiru2n.dotcloud.com/
  • 27. add mysql service # just update the content of your dotcloud.yml www: type: ruby $ dotcloud info rocdemo data: type: mysql data: config: mysql_password: ... instances: 1 type: mysql # also, update the content of your database.yml www: production: config: adapter: mysql2 rack-env: production encoding: utf8 ruby-version: 1.9.2 reconnect: false instances: 1 database: roc_demo2_production type: ruby pool: 5 url: http://rocdemo-limiru2n.dotclo username: root password: ... port: 14895 host: rocdemo-LIMIRU2N.dotcloud.com
  • 28. • dotcloud logs rocdemo.www • dotcloud ssh rocdemo.www • dotcloud info rocdemo
  • 30. Display database tables • Create new data • Easily update data • Safely delete data • Automatic form validation • Search and filtering • Export data to CSV/JSON/XML • Authentication (via Devise) • User action history
  • 31. • add the line below to your Gemfile gem 'rails_admin', :git => 'git://github.com/sferik/rails_admin.git' • $ bundle install • $ rails g rails_admin:install
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 36. def index @messages = Rails.cache.fetch('all_messages', :expires_in => 30.seconds) do Message.all end respond_to do |format| format.json { render json: @messages } end end
  • 37. Started GET "/api/v2/messages.json" for 127.0.0.1 at 2011-09-15 17:29:53 +0800 Processing by Api::V2::MessagesController#index as JSON Message Load (0.1ms) SELECT "messages".* FROM "messages" Completed 200 OK in 46ms (Views: 11.4ms | ActiveRecord: 0.4ms) Started GET "/api/v2/messages.json" for 127.0.0.1 at 2011-09-15 17:29:58 +0800 Processing by Api::V2::MessagesController#index as JSON Completed 200 OK in 7ms (Views: 6.1ms | ActiveRecord: 0.2ms)
  • 38. Production • Cache • Production memcache
  • 39. Rocweibo::Application.configure do # Settings specified here will take precedence over those in config/application.rb # Code is not reloaded between requests config.cache_classes = true ... # Use a different cache store in production # config.cache_store = :mem_cache_store ... # Enable locale fallbacks for I18n (makes lookups for any locale fall back to # the I18n.default_locale when a translation can not be found) config.i18n.fallbacks = true # Send deprecation notices to registered listeners config.active_support.deprecation = :notify end
  • 40. Daemon how to run your Background Job rails runner lib/my_script.rb
  • 41. puts %(There are #{Message.count} messages and #{User.count} users in our database.) count = Reply.delete_all(["body LIKE ?", "%fuck%"]) puts "#{count} replies contains "fuck" got deleted." count = User.delete_all( [ "created_at < ? AND email_confirmed = ?", Time.new - 2.days, false ] ) puts "#{count} not confirmed users within 2 days got deleted."
  • 43.
  • 44. still interesting... • http://martinciu.com/2011/01/mounting-grape-api-inside-rails- application.html • http://docs.dotcloud.com/services/ruby/ • http://railscasts.com/episodes/171-delayed-job • http://www.sinatrarb.com/

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