Understanding the Pakistan Budgeting Process: Basics and Key Insights
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1. Analysis of VANET Mobility Models with New Cluster Based On
Routing Protocol.
Author: - Mr. Hemant B. Mahajan.
Abstract— As we understand that MANET and vehicle technology is growing and
hence becoming the emerging field for most of researchers. Recently, new routing
protocol proposed by some authors in order to overcome the problem of
discovering and maintaining the efficient and effective route for the data
transmission over the wireless network. At first stage of this study we are
presenting investigation of that new approach of routing called cluster based
routing for VANET and compare their performances with living routing protocols.
This new routing approach-having aim of increasing the overall network
throughput, minimize end-to-end delay. Apart from this the main goal of this
project is to investigate the performance of different mobility models and traffic
scenarios with this cluster based routing protocol in order to evaluate the
performance of VANET using cluster based routing protocol in different mobility
7. models. Here we are considering the mobility models like: random waypoint
mobility model and group mobility model. Simulation studies are conducted using
NS2.
Keywords- VANET, Road Based Routing, Receiver-Based Next-hop Election,
Vehicular Traffic-Aware Routing, Clustering, Hybrid Mobility, Flooding, Traffic
regulation. (Key words).
2. Investigation of Designing Least Cost Network Topology Based on
Graph Theory.
Author: - Mr. Hemant B. Mahajan.
Abstract— As we know that perfect compute network is not easily disturb due to
any reasons. For such networks it is expected that the communication network be
a remains connected in case of any node or link failures. The communication
links, which used to build the physical computer network, are costly, and hence
we always want to build computer network with minimum number of links in order
to reduce cost of building computer network. The feature of fault tolerant is also
major factor to define good computer networks. If the computer network is having
alternative paths among the vertices along with more disjoint paths then such
network is fault tolerant network. Hence in this paper we are investigating the
once of such method, which is used to design the least cost computer networks
based on graph theory. We are discussing the efficient method for generating least
cost physical network topology using the concept of spanning tree bipartite graph.
Our experiment shows that using these methods we can build least cost computer
networks.
Keywords- Network Topology, graph theory, spanning tree, links, k-connected
networks, and survivable network. (Key words).
3. Security Analysis in VANET: Black hole Attack Detection Survey.
Author: - Mr. Hemant B. Mahajan.
Abstract-- VANET means mobile ad hoc network is nothing but the group of
independent mobile nodes, which are moving throughout the mobile network
freely. Such kind of networks are temporary as they mobile nodes and their
positions are not fixed and hence the all the routing paths which are established
in order to make the communication in between the source and destination are on
demand and depends on the nodes movement into the network. The architecture is
not at all needed for such kind of networks. Role of routing protocols is most
8. important for the VANET, which is used to route the data from source to
destination, but they are also vulnerable to the many of the security attacks in the
VANET. Due to the unprotected nature of the VANET networks routing protocols,
such networks also unprotected from the malicious mobile nodes in the network
itself. Thus the main aim of this research work is to simulate the Black hole
attacks in order to detect them and prevent it for the DSR routing protocol.
Networks like VANET are based on their mobile nodes which are acts the host
node as well as the router. In short, for the operations such as routing and data
forwarding VANET networks are depends on their mobile nodes. But if the
VANET network is having the nodes which are acts like the selfish or misbehave
nodes in the network, then such nodes not performing the operations such as
routing and data forwarding rather only dropping of the data which is arriving at
such nodes. In this thesis work we are presenting the simulation of such
misbehaving nodes and removing such nodes from the routing path in order to
prevent the Black hole attack. For the simulation purpose we evaluate the DSR
protocol for the same in the NS2 tool.
Keywords— Black hole attack, selfish node, DSR, DOS Attacks. (Key words).
4. Study of Methods of Estimating The Actual Evapotranspiration In
Irrigation Project.
Author: - Mrs. LataKamthekar.
Abstract-- the term of Evapotranspiration is nothing but the total of the water that
is employed by plants in a very given space in transpiration as well as the water
evaporated from the adjacent soil within the area in any given time.
Evapotranspiration from irrigated land is a helpful indicator to guage the
adequacy and responsibility of irrigation moreover because the equity in water
use. Standard strategies to work out evapotranspiration are supported climate
information and solely provide point estimates. Better regional estimation of
evapotranspiration is retrieved from satellite remote sensing. Such strategies offer
a strong means to calculate actual evapotranspiration from individual pixel to a
whole image. During this investigation paper, varied methods used for the
estimation of actual evapotranspiration are mentioned. Remote sensing technique
employed by all such strategies so as to induce the bottom information like ratio,
NDVI (Normalized distinction Vegetation Index) that are, in turn, accustomed
realize parameters like land surface temperature, crop co-efficient, phase
transition fraction etc. The strategies that are used are FAO Penman-Monteith
technique, Carlson-Buffum technique, granger technique and SEBAL (Surface
Energy Balance rule On Land).
Keywords—SQLEvapotranspiration, Carlson-Buggfum, Granger, SEBAL, ET,
NDVI, surface temperature (Key words).
5. Web Log Analysis Using Web Usage Mining.
9. Author:- Miss. Monica B. Shinde.
Abstract— Web usage mining is the method of extracting useful information from
server logs. World Wide Web usage mining is the method of finding out what
users are looking for on the Internet using log documents. These log documents
contains data that can’t be exactly interpreted, for demonstration data like who is
accessing, which sheets are accessing by who, how much time user is accessing a
particular page, can’t be got exactly these log documents. Since log documents
are unformatted text documents, complex to understand and investigate. In this
paper we propose an innovative approach utilizing unanimously accepted
formatting language XML. In our approach text founded log documents are
altered into XML format utilizing parsers. One time log file is in XML format,
utilizing DOM API or other types of parser API’s, we can get the needed
information in a very simple kind such as no. Of user who travelled to your
website, each page hits, attack acknowledgement on website.
Keywords— Web Usage Mining, Data Mining, Pattern discovery, log file, DOM
API (Key words).
6. Detection of SQL Injection Attacks in Web applications.
Author: - Miss. Prerana B. Shewale.
Abstract— A SQL injection attack consists of insertion or "injection" of a SQL
query via the input data from the client to the application and a successful SQL
injection exploit can read sensitive data from the database, modify database data
like insert or update or delete, execute administration operations on the database
(i.e. shutdown the DBMS), recover the content of a given file present on the
DBMS file system and in some cases issue commands to the operating system.
Type of injection attack is SQL injection attacks, in which SQL commands are
injected into data-plane input in order to effect the execution of predefined SQL
commands. Numerous investigators and practitioners have suggested diverse
methods to explain the SQL injection problem, present ways either go wrong to
explain the full scope of the difficulty or have limitations that avert their use.
Numerous investigators and practitioners are familiar with only a subset of the
wide variety of techniques accessible to attackers who are trying to take benefit of
SQL injection vulnerabilities. We proposed such methods, which defend SQL
injection attack successfully like a filter, cryptographic hash-function, linear
probing technique and customized error message, and POST method. Filter is
used to detect malformed SQL queries whereas the hash function is used to match
hash values of usernames and passwords against stored hash values. Here a
linear probing technique is used to address the data collision and debug error
10. message problems.
Keywords— SQL injection, practitioners, diverse, SQL injection vulnerabilities,
strike (Key words).
7. Path To-ward The Cyber Security of Cloud.
Author: - Mr. Uday P. Kulkarni.
Abstract— As a cloud computing is the buzzword of the current era and every one
want to migrate toward the cloud computing because of it easy to use easy to
establish nature. Cloud computing gives number of option to solve the daily IT
need. But as every technology have their benefits with some disadvantages too. In
this paper we are going to discuss about the one of the big issue of the cloud
computing that is Cyber Security of Cloud and try to rectify the problem with
some solutions like TVES and Domain Based Approach.
Keywords— Smart Grid, SCADA, Cyber Security, Cloud Computing, TVES, NTP,
SHAMIR’S Algorithm (Key words).
8. Pattern Discovery for Text Mining Procedure Using Taxonomy.
Author: - Mr. Uday P. Kulkarni.
Abstract— Text-mining mentions usually to the procedure of extracting
interesting and non-trivial information from unstructured text. Text mining
encompasses some computer research disciplines with a mighty orientation in the
direction of artificial comprehending in general, including but not restricted to
pattern acknowledgement, neural networks, natural language processing,
information retrieval and appliance learning. In addition, caution needs to be
taken when these techniques are directed in international situations. Numerous
classic methods evolved in the English dialect world; do not habitually work as
well on other languages In proposed system we can take .xml file or .txt file as
input & we request diverse algorithms & develop expected outcomes. This paper
presents an innovative and effective pattern breakthrough technique, which
encompasses the methods of pattern establishing and pattern evolving, to advance
the effectiveness of using, and updating found out patterns for finding applicable
and interesting data. Considerable experiments on RCV1 information assemblage
and TREC topics illustrate that the suggested solution accomplishes performance.
Text mining techniques shall play a necessary role among the approaching back
years throughout this continued technique. Among the specialty subject of text
mining, generally jointly called text analytics, several attention-grabbing
11. technologies like computers, IT, linguistics, cognition, pattern recognition and
statistics also advanced mathematic techniques, computing, image, and not
forgetting knowledge retrieval.
Keywords— Text mining, pattern mining, pattern evolving, information filtering,
text classification (Key words).
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Mr. Hemant B. Mahajan.
Research & Development Head at
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Owner of Godwit Technologies.
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Mr. Mahesh Mahajan
Project Manager at projectsgoal.com
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