The Story the Song Tells: Wakantanka (Many and Great) from Renville to Lincoln PF Anderson (Perplexity Peccable)

Birth of a Song, Song of Plenty Joseph Renville Son of a French fur-trader and a woman of the Lakota Sioux, born 1779 at Kaposia (St Paul), Minnesota Fostered with the priests Scout, interpreter and translator Assisted with bringing the Bible to his people Death from illness in 1842 Robinson, Doane. A History of the Dakota or Sioux Indians. South Dakota Historical Collections, v. 2. South Dakota Department of Historical Collections. Aberdeen, SD, State Historical Society, ©1904. http://books.google.com/books?id=PrUtRUfxgLsC

Joseph Renville

Son of a French fur-trader and a woman of the Lakota Sioux, born 1779 at Kaposia (St Paul), Minnesota

Fostered with the priests

Scout, interpreter and translator

Assisted with bringing the Bible to his people

Death from illness in 1842

Wakantanka Grammar and Dictionary of the Dakota language, collected by Rev. S. R. Riggs. Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, v. 4. http://books.google.com/books?id=dmISAAAAYAAJ

Wakantanka Wakantanka taku nitawa tankaya qaota; mahpiya kin eyahnake ca, makakin he duowanca. Mniowanca sbeya wanke cin, hena ovakihi. "Dakota Hymn" / Lacquiparle / “Many and Great” - by Joseph R. Renville (1842), trans. SR Riggs, paraphrased by R. Phillip Frazier (1929). http://www-personal.umich.edu/~pfa/poemquot/wakantanka.html

Wakantanka taku nitawa

tankaya qaota;

mahpiya kin eyahnake ca,

makakin he duowanca.

Mniowanca sbeya wanke cin,

hena ovakihi.

Wakantanka / Many and Great Wakantanka taku nitawa tankaya qaota; mahpiya kin eyahnake ca, makakin he duowanca. Mniowanca sbeya wanke cin, hena ovakihi. Many and great, O God, are your works, Maker of earth and sky; Your hands have set the heaven with stars; Your fingers spread the mountains and plains. See, at your word the waters were formed; Deep seas obey your voice. Audio available at: http://www.cyberhymnal.org/htm/m/a/mangreat.htm "Dakota Hymn" / Lacquiparle / “Many and Great” - by Joseph R. Renville (1842), trans. SR Riggs, paraphrased by R. Phillip Frazier (1929). http://www-personal.umich.edu/~pfa/poemquot/wakantanka.html

Wakantanka taku nitawa

tankaya qaota;

mahpiya kin eyahnake ca,

makakin he duowanca.

Mniowanca sbeya wanke cin,

hena ovakihi.

Many and great, O God, are your works,

Maker of earth and sky;

Your hands have set the heaven with stars;

Your fingers spread the mountains and plains.

See, at your word the waters were formed;

Deep seas obey your voice.

Twenty years later … Times of prosperity and generosity shift to times of illness and starvation Homstad, Daniel W. Lincoln’s Agonizing Decision. American History Dec 2001 36(5):28

Times of prosperity and generosity shift to times of illness and starvation

Little Crow Seeks Assistance Wikimedia Commons: Little Crow c1862: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Little_crow_c1862.jpg Wikimedia Commons: Chief Little Crow: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:ChiefLittleCrow.jpg

Talks Fail, Desperation & Illness Strike Smallpox and influenza are ravaging the native populations Lord Jeff Documents with Microfilm Index & Text Files of Excerpts: http://www.nativeweb.org/pages/legal/amherst/jeff_docs.html

Smallpox and influenza are ravaging the native populations

Leaving 486 Settlers Dead Wikimedia Commons: The Siege of New Ulm, Minnesota: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:The_Siege_of_New_Ulm_Minn.jpg

Call to Arms Governor Alexander Ramsey Colonel Henry Sibley Wikimedia Commons: Alexander Ramsey: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Alexander_Ramsey,_2nd_Governor_of_Minnesota.jpg Wikimedia Commons: Henry Hastings Sibley: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Henry_Hastings_Sibley.jpg

Governor Alexander Ramsey

Colonel Henry Sibley

A Call for Moderation Bishop Henry Whipple calls to Lincoln Wikimedia Commons: Lincoln & McClelland, 1862-10-03: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Lincoln_and_McClellan_1862-10-03.jpg Wikimedia Commons: Henry Benjamin Whipple: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Henry_Benjamin_Whipple_-_Brady-Handy.jpg

Bishop Henry Whipple calls to Lincoln

The Decision Homstad, Daniel W. Lincoln’s Agonizing Decision. American History Dec 2001 36(5):28

December 26, 1862; 10:00 AM, The Song is Sung "Execution of the Thirty-eight Sioux Indians/at Mankato Minnesota December 26, 1862." Hayes Lith. Co., Buffalo, NY. colored print/16 1/4" x 21 1/4.” Archives & Special Collections. F&M College Library. http://library.fandm.edu/archives/webpagepicts/3210d.jpg

The Other Captives Homstad, Daniel W. Lincoln’s Agonizing Decision. American History Dec 2001 36(5):28

Next … The Trail of Tears Homstad, Daniel W. Lincoln’s Agonizing Decision. American History Dec 2001 36(5):28

Now RavenMN: Photo of Buffalo Reconciliation Park. http://ravenmn.buzznet.com/user/photos/?id=7152771 Largest mass hanging in US history: http://www.unitednativeamerica.com/hanging.html Barry, Paul. Reconciliation. http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues99/Co12251999/CO_122599_Reconciliation.html

More information Wikipedia: Dakota War of 1862: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_War_of_1862 Homstad, Daniel W. Lincoln’s Agonizing Decision. American History Dec 2001 36(5):28 Barry, Paul. Reconciliation. http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues99/Co12251999/CO_122599_Reconciliation.html More links: http://delicious.com/rosefirerising/minnesota OR http://delicious.com/rosefirerising/1862

Wikipedia: Dakota War of 1862: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_War_of_1862

Homstad, Daniel W. Lincoln’s Agonizing Decision. American History Dec 2001 36(5):28

Barry, Paul. Reconciliation. http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues99/Co12251999/CO_122599_Reconciliation.html

More links: http://delicious.com/rosefirerising/minnesota OR http://delicious.com/rosefirerising/1862