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Approachestomulticulturaleducationinkorea
By Osato Egonmwan, Matthew Zabala, Su Kyung Chi,
Sumin Lee
Byashowofhands..
-How many of you know anything about multicultural education
in South Korea?
-From what you know/have heard, do you have a positive
perception of multicultural education in South Korea
-A negative perception?
DefinitionofMulticulturalEducation
“ MulticulturalEducationisaprocessofcomprehensiveschoolreformandbasic
educationforallstudents“
Nieto,S.(1996).AffirmingDiversity:Thesociopoliticialcontextofmulticultural
education(2nded.).NewYork:Longman
Sleeter/Grant&bank
1st:Teachingtheculturallydifferent
2nd:Humanrelations
3rd:Singlegroupstudies
4th:MulticulturalEducation
5th:MulticulturalandSocial
Reconstructions
firstApproach:Teachingtheexceptionalandculturallydifferent
Explanation
assimilateintosociety
building“transitionalbridges”
fillingapsinbasicskills
Shortcomings
● Assimilationistagenda→culturally
homogenizingprocess→ losingtheir
senseofidentity→“bankingconceptof
education”.
● Limitsofpossibility foraparticipatory
democracywithinapluralisticsociety
secondApproach:Humanrelations
Explanations
promoteafeelingofunity,toleranceand
acceptancewithinexistingsocial
structures
positivefeelingsandpositiveself-concepts
stereotyping
lessonsaboutname-callingandindividual
differencesandsimilarities.
Shortcoming
Itneglectstoanalyzethelargersocialand
institutionalstructuresthatcreate
intergrouptensions,poverty,
disenfranchisement,andoppression.
ThirdApproach:Single-groupstudies
Explanations
TeachingMulticultural FamilyChildren about
howtheyarebeingoppressedandhowpower
andprivilegewithinthedominantsociety
workagainstthem.
historyandcultureoftheidentifiedgroup
challengesthegrouphasovercome,its
contributions tosocietyandproblems and
issuesitiscurrentlyfacing.
Shortcomings
ignoreintragroupsdifferencessuchassocial
class,religion,race,sexuality,etc
From homogenizingviewpoint:generalization
andsingle-causeexplanationforcategory
FourthApproach:multiculturaleducation
Explanations
tohelp studentslearnthebasicsbutinwaysthatpromote
intellectual reasoning, critical inquiry,appreciation of
multiple perspectives alongwith structuralequality,
culturalpluralism, andculturalrecognition;
theschool’sgoalsaretopromoteequalopportunity,cultural
pluralism, respect fordiversegroupsofpeople, power
equityamonggroups,andacceptance ofalternative
lifestyles;
thecurriculum isorganized aroundthecontributionsand
perspectives ofmultiple groups,activities thatteach
Shortcomings
● becomesaromanticization
andcelebrationofdifferences,
withoutanyinterrogationof
thepowerdifferentialsthat
giverisetoexclusivepractices,
disortedrepresentationsof
otherness,andsocialstrife.
FifthApproach:multiculturalsocialjusticeeducation
Explanations
promotesunderstandingofsocial
structuresofpower
encouragessocialactionsfor
changing inequalities
Shortcomings
● Similartothecritiquesfor
MulticulturalEducation,but
different.EmphasisonSocial
Justice
EducationPlanforMulticulturalFamilyStudents(2006-2011)
● In2006,theSouthKoreanMinistryofEducation,Science,andTechnologies(MEST)proposedtheEducation
PlanforMulticulturalFamilyStudents
● DesignedtoteachKoreanlanguageandcultureand provideeducationalsupporttomulticulturalfamily
studentstosupportadaptation andacademicachievement
● Alsoprovidedsupportandinformationtoboththeparentsofthestudentsandtheirteachers
● Examples:
○ Students:1:1Mentoring,Afterschoolprograms,KSLClasses
○ Parents:MulticulturalFamilyWorkshops,Educatingparentstobeactivecontributors
○ Teachers:Advocatingformulticulturalteachereducationinteacher’scollegesandin
universities,Advocatingformulticulturaleducationaladministrators
● In2011,ashifttowardsamoreinclusiveandculturallysensitiveplanofactionwasmade
AdvancedPlanforMulticultural Students (2012)
In2012,theimplementation oftheAdvancedPlanforMulticulturalStudentsbegan
Examples:
Students:School-Entering Preparation Program,Strengthenbasicacademicachievement andafterschoolculturalprograms,
networking withparent’shomeCountries(GlobalKoreaScholarship) Reflectmulticulturaleducationacrossall
subjects
Parents:Translatechildcare andeducationalmaterialsforparents, Trainingbilingualtutorsbasedonmulticultural
familystudentsnationality,languagepreference, Extendingparticipation ofparents(E.G.PTA)
Teachers: Systemizedmulticulturalteachereducationprogramforstudentteachersandin-service teachers, Extending
allocatedslotsinteacher’s collegeformulticulturalfamilychildren
Multiculturaleducationpolicyof‘A’cityOfficeofEducation
<Educationprojectsin2011and2012>
• 1st approach:3outof6in2011&3outof8in2012
ex)Koreanlanguageclassandsupportfortheafterschool(2011)
1to1lessonformulticultural students(2011)
Runningschoolforthepreparation forthemulticulturalstudents(KSLclass)(2012)
Multicultural education policyof‘A’cityOfficeofEducation (Cont.)
•2nd approach:3outof6in2011&4outof8in2012
•Ex1)MulticulturalUnityFestival(2011),
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Xve5WBE6Zs
Ex2)Givingopportunities tolearn aboutothermulticulturalstudents’cultureoneverySaturdays-토요다문화행복학교 운영 (2012)
“토요다문화행복학교운영”
•3nd approach:none
•4th approach:0outof6in2011&1outof8in2012
Ex) Supportglobal-multicultural leadschool(다문화글로벌선도학교지원,2012)
->developing curriculum which presentsavarietyofviews
•5th approach:none
Globalcitizenship andMulticultural education policy
(SeoulMetropolitanofficeofEducation)
Shortcomingsofmulticultural educationinSouthkorea
- short-termsupport,one-shotevent,notsystematic
- Usuallyfocusedontheminority (immigrants,children from
international marriages, multiculturalstudents)
=>Multiculturaleducationforall(BANKS)
- needtoimproveteachers’culturalcapacity
ex)14guidelines forteaching multiculturalcontent(Banks)
1..You,theteacher, areanextremelyimportant variablein
theteachingofmulticulturalcontent.
2.Besensitivetoyourownracialattitudes,behaviors, and
thestatementsyoumakeaboutethnic groupsinthe
classroom.
3.Bejudiciousinyourchoice anduseofteaching materials.
4.Usecooperative learning techniques andgroupworkto
promoteracialandethnic integration intheschooland
classroom.
Shortcomingsofmulticultural educationinSouthkorea
GrantandHam
Doesnotseektounderstandthediversityofstudentsorchangethediversityofstudentsorto
changetheprivilegeandpowerofthedominantculture
CurrentgovernmentpolicycreatedseveralimplicitmythsaboutMulticulturalFamilyChildren
thatworkagainst itseffectiveness
Multiculturalfamilychildrenneedtobe“Saved”
MulticulturalFamilyChildrenarepassiveandexhibitlittleagency
Introspection
activity
If you were an educator, how would you improve/what
projects would you suggest for multicultural
education in South Korea?

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Multicultural Education in South Korea

Editor's Notes

  1. We can delete it or leave it.
  2. It challenges and rejects racism and other forms of discrimination in schools and society accepts and affirms the pluralism ( ethnic, racial, linguistic, religious, economic, and gender, among others) that students, their communities, and teachers represent. it uses critical pedagogy as its underlying philosophy and focuses on knowledge, reflection, and action (praxis) as the basis for social change,
  3. The fourth approach called Multicultural Education lists three explanations. The first point talks about helping students learn the basics in ways that will promote their intellectual reasoning, critical inquiry and so on , with goals of promoting equal opportunity, cultural pluralism and respect for diverse groups . In addition, the program for this approach is organized contributions and perspectives of multiple groups . In this approach the two main pillars are cultural pluralism and equal opportunity. Cultural pluralism includes the belief that cultural values and practices should be recognized and integrated into the schools program. The goals also emphasis this, with a focus on a collective group rather than on individuals . On the other hand the shortcomings of this approach only celebrates differences between groups without really questioning the power dynamics that give rise to the practices.
  4. We couldn’t really get much info for Multicultural Social Justice education. But based on the readings Multicultural Social Justice education and Multicultural education , with similar shortcomings. However Multicultural Social Justice education its more of a form of resistance to the dominant modes of schooling , that attempts to challenge oppressive social relationships through schooling .
  5. -1:1 mentoring for study and school guidance for multicultural students
  6. -target: students and parents (다문화가정학생이 재학중인학교)
  7. Those kinds of projects develop the curriculum with the reflection of diversity, so they pursue the changes of school activities getting away from viewpoint of the unity.
  8. http://seouleducation.tistory.com/1876