This document provides an overview of front-end technologies for building rich JavaScript applications. It discusses HTML for creating web pages, CSS for styling, and JavaScript for interactivity. It also covers jQuery for simplifying DOM manipulation and Ajax, Backbone.js for building maintainable apps using the MVP pattern, and Underscore.js as a utility library. The document concludes with steps for building a basic Backbone app with models, views, and routing.
5. In computer science, the front end is
responsible for collecting input in various forms
from the user and processing it to conform to a
specification the back end can use.
The front end is an interface between the user
and the back end.
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9. HTML or HyperText Markup Language is the
standard markup language used to create web
pages.
HTML is written in the form of HTML elements
consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like
<html>).
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12. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet
language used for describing the look and
formatting of a document written in a markup
language.
CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of
document content from document presentation,
including elements such as the layout, colors, and
fonts.
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16. JavaScript (JS) is a dynamic computer
programming language. It is most commonly
used as part of web browsers, whose
implementations allow client-side scripts to
interact with the user, control the browser,
communicate asynchronously, and alter the
document content that is displayed.
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22. jQuery is a cross-platform JavaScript library
designed to simplify the client-side scripting of
HTML.
jQuery's syntax is designed to make it easier to
navigate a document, select DOM elements, create
animations, handle events, and develop Ajax
applications.
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23. Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) is a
group of interrelated Web development
techniques used on the client-side to create
asynchronous Web applications.
With Ajax, Web applications can send data to, and
retrieve data from, a server asynchronously (in the
background) without interfering with the display and
behavior of the existing page.
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26. Backbone.js is a JavaScript library with a
RESTful JSON interface and is based on the
model–view–presenter (MVP) application
design paradigm.
Backbone is known for being lightweight, as its only
dependency is on one JavaScript library,
Underscore.js.
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27. Model–view–presenter (MVP) is a derivative of
the MVC architectural pattern, also used
mostly for building user interfaces.
In MVP the presenter assumes the functionality of the
"middle-man". In MVP, all presentation logic is pushed
to the presenter. Eventually, the model becomes
strictly a domain model.
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28.
29. Underscore.js is a JavaScript library which
provides utility functions for common
programming tasks.
It is comparable to features provided by Prototype.js
and the Ruby language, but opts for a functional
programming design instead of extending object
prototypes.
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