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Agile Estimating and Planning with SCRUM




                   www.scrumguides.com



                    14 February 2009
About myself

                   Alexey Krivitsky
                   Software developer, Agile coach

                   Certified ScrumMaster
                   Certified Scrum Practitioner
                   http://www.linkedin.com/in/alexeykrivitsky
                   email: alexey@scrumguides.com
                   skype: alexeykrv
                   icq: 436-471-64
                   gsm: +380 50 358 92 12


                   Currently building up a training center
                   www.scrumguides.com

                                   Agile Estimating and Planning
2                                  with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Our presence

       Ukrainian Agile community
       www.agileukraine.org

       Join our Google discussion group




       Ukrainian SCRUM portal
       www.scrum.com.ua


                                          Agile Estimating and Planning
3                                         with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
SCRUM recap




                  Agile Estimating and Planning
5                 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agenda

    ► Levels of Planning

      Requirements in SCRUM

      Estimation Techniques

      Sprint Planning

      Release Planning        Agile Estimating and Planning
6                             with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
The two levels of planning

      Strategic level / Story level / product backlog

      Tactical level / Task level / spring backlog




                                      Agile Estimating and Planning
7                                     with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
From Mike Cohn’s “Planning Agile Projects”




                                     Agile Estimating and Planning
8                                    with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Today’s agenda

       Levels of Planning

     ► Requirements in SCRUM

       Estimation Techniques


       Sprint Planning

       Release Planning
                               Agile Estimating and Planning
10                             with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Requirements

      What are the requirements to requirements?




                                  Agile Estimating and Planning
11                                with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
The requirements to requirements?




                                 Agile Estimating and Planning
12                               with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
User Story is…


     User stories are simple, clear, brief
      descriptions of functionality that will be
      valuable to either a user or purchaser
      of a product

     Expressed in a form like:
     As a <user> I can <do> so that <value>
                                   Agile Estimating and Planning
13                                 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Key ideas of User Stories

       They highlight negotiation to happen
       between the customer and the team.

       User stories help deferring details till later
       They talk problems not solutions
       They fit nicely as your Product Backlog items




                                      Agile Estimating and Planning
14                                    with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Samples – Travel reservation system




                                 As a vacation planner, I
 As a user, I can reserve a
                                 can see photos of the
 hotel room.
                                 hotels.


                                   As a user, I can restrict
     As a user, I can cancel a
                                   searches so that I only see
     reservation.
                                   hotels with available rooms.

                                           Agile Estimating and Planning
15                                                                       15
                                           with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Details added in smaller substories


                                 As a premium site member,
                                  I can cancel a reservation
                                     up to the last minute.


                                    As a non-premium
      As a user, I can           member, I can cancel up to
         cancel a                  24 hours in advance.
       reservation.
                                   As a site visitor, I am
                                 emailed a confirmation of
                                 any cancelled reservation.



                                       Agile Estimating and Planning
16                                                                   16
                                       with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Details added as tests

       High level tests are added to the story
             Can be used to express additional details and expectations
         –



             As a user, I can cancel a reservation.

       • Verify that a premium member can cancel the same day
                               without a fee.
       • Verify that a non-premium member is charged 10% for a
                          same-day cancellation.
               • Verify that an email confirmation is sent.
          • Verify that the hotel is notified of any cancellation.
          • Figure out what to do if the user’s card is expired.

                                                      Agile Estimating and Planning
17                                                                                  17
                                                      with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
What makes a good story?
                                              Independent

                                              Negotiable

                                              Valuable
           INVEST
                                              Estimatable

                                              Small

                                              Testable
       Thanks to Bill Wake for the acronym.
       See www.xp123.com.                       Agile Estimating and Planning
18                                                                            18
                                                with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
19   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Making good user stories

       How would you rewrite the following requirement to
       make it a good user story?


         All connections to the database
       are through a connection pool.




                                         Agile Estimating and Planning
20                                                                     20
                                         with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
The Five Whys




                     Agile Estimating and Planning
21                   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
User Stories Workshop

          PO presents his/her Project Vision
     1.

          PO and the team discuss the Users of the system
     2.

          PO and the team dive into brainstorming on User
     3.
          Stories (new Users might appear at this stage)

          When they have enough stories, they group them,
     4.
          discard duplicates, discuss priorities, etc.

          At some stage team estimates the stories
     5.

          ….
     6.

                                               Agile Estimating and Planning
23                                             with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
The Project Vision




                          Agile Estimating and Planning
24                        with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
The iPET project




                        Agile Estimating and Planning
25                      with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Planning

       Levels of Planning

       Requirements in SCRUM

     ► Estimation Techniques

       Sprint Planning

       Release Planning        Agile Estimating and Planning
26                             with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
27   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning”




                                      Agile Estimating and Planning
28                                    with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
29   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
30   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
31   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
32   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
33   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
A typical issue with estimations




                               Agile Estimating and Planning
34                             with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
35   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
36   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
37   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
38   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
The “Zoo” project

           Zebra
     1.
           Hippopotamus
     2.
           Elephant
     3.
           Giraffe
     4.
           Panda
     5.
           Monkey
     6.
           Tiger
     7.
           Bear
     8.
           Sea lion
     9.
           Coyote
     10.


                          Agile Estimating and Planning
39                        with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning”




                                      Agile Estimating and Planning
40                                    with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Estimating in Story Points
      Means the relative size of the story:
           Login screen is 2
       –
           Search feature is 4 (twice bigger)
       –


      Unit-less points.

      Integrated level of understanding, complexity, risks, feelings…

      Precision is enough for release planning.

      Easy to estimate, harder to explain.

      Don’t inflate


                                                Agile Estimating and Planning
41                                              with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Estimating in Ideal Time
      Think of Ideal Time as when
           You have no interruptions
       –
           You have all you need
       –
           You feel good
       –

      Think of how many productive hours a day you usually have.

      Hard to agree, easy to argue:
           I can do it in 10 hours, you can do it in 5. So who is right?
       –
           Today I think it is 10h, next month (when I know more) I think it is 2
       –

      Easier to explain, harder to estimate.

      Time estimates might inflate.


                                                        Agile Estimating and Planning
42                                                      with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Planning

       Levels of Planning

       Requirements in SCRUM

       Estimation Techniques

     ► Sprint (Iteration) Planning

       Release Planning         Agile Estimating and Planning
44                              with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
45   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
46   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
47   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
48   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
49   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
What DONE means

       Before you start estimating it is very
       important to agree with your PO on done
       criteria for the whole product increment.

     - So is it done? (the client asks the team)
     - Yes!
     - Can I ship it to my clients today?
     - Well… We will need 2 days to finish
        something there…

                                          Agile Estimating and Planning
50                                        with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Planning

       Requirements in SCRUM

       Estimation Techniques

       Levels of Planning

       Sprint Planning

     ► Release Planning        Agile Estimating and Planning
51                             with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
52   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Steering your Projects



     “Ready? Fire! Aim… Aim… Aim… Aim…”

       © Kent Beck, Martin Fowler
       “Planning eXtreme Programming”




                                        Agile Estimating and Planning
53                                      with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
There are four main parameters to planning




                                  Agile Estimating and Planning
54                                with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Visualizing the time-scope relationship

                                          Release Burndown

                   2000
                   1800       1785
                                         1620
                   1600
                   1400
     Estimations




                   1200
                   1000
                    800
                                                    713
                    600
                                                              512
                    400
                                                                        324
                                                                                              228
                    200                                                                                 175
                                                                                    155
                      0
                          1          2          3         4         5           6         7         8
                                                          Sprints             Agile Estimating and Planning
55                                                                            with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Agile Estimating and Planning
56   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning”




                                      Agile Estimating and Planning
57                                    with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning”




                                      Agile Estimating and Planning
58                                    with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Calibrating Velocity




                            Agile Estimating and Planning
59                          with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
A SCRUM game

     To practice the following concepts:
       Backlog
       Estimations in points with Planning Poker
       Sprints
       Velocity
       Sprint Planning Meeting
       Sprint Review Meeting
       Retrospection
                                     Agile Estimating and Planning
60                                   with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Backlog

           two-stored building
     1.
           catholic church
     2.
           traffic light
     3.
           one-stored building
     4.
           one-stored building
     5.
           tractor
     6.
           kiosk
     7.
           garage for tractor
     8.
           tower cran
     9.
           lorry
     10.
           garage for lorry
     11.
           kinder garden
     12.
           two-stored building
     13.
           one-stored building
     14.
           bus stop
     15.
                                   Agile Estimating and Planning
61         three-stored building
     16.                           with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
The cycle

       Estimate new stories
       Sprint planning - 3 min
           Expected velocity
       –
           Everyone knows
       –
           what to work on
       Sprint - 3 min
       Demo - 3 min
           Actual velocity
       –
           Updated release plan
       –

       Retrospection - 3 min
                                  Agile Estimating and Planning
62                                with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
Join our community!

        Ukrainian Agile community
        www.agileukraine.org

        Join our Google discussion group




        Ukrainian SCRUM portal
        www.scrum.com.ua


                                           Agile Estimating and Planning
63                                         with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides

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ScrumGuides Agile Estimating And Planning With Scrum

  • 1. Agile Estimating and Planning with SCRUM www.scrumguides.com 14 February 2009
  • 2. About myself Alexey Krivitsky Software developer, Agile coach Certified ScrumMaster Certified Scrum Practitioner http://www.linkedin.com/in/alexeykrivitsky email: alexey@scrumguides.com skype: alexeykrv icq: 436-471-64 gsm: +380 50 358 92 12 Currently building up a training center www.scrumguides.com Agile Estimating and Planning 2 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 3. Our presence Ukrainian Agile community www.agileukraine.org Join our Google discussion group Ukrainian SCRUM portal www.scrum.com.ua Agile Estimating and Planning 3 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 4. SCRUM recap Agile Estimating and Planning 5 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 5. Agenda ► Levels of Planning Requirements in SCRUM Estimation Techniques Sprint Planning Release Planning Agile Estimating and Planning 6 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 6. The two levels of planning Strategic level / Story level / product backlog Tactical level / Task level / spring backlog Agile Estimating and Planning 7 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 7. From Mike Cohn’s “Planning Agile Projects” Agile Estimating and Planning 8 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 8. Today’s agenda Levels of Planning ► Requirements in SCRUM Estimation Techniques Sprint Planning Release Planning Agile Estimating and Planning 10 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 9. Requirements What are the requirements to requirements? Agile Estimating and Planning 11 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 10. The requirements to requirements? Agile Estimating and Planning 12 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 11. User Story is… User stories are simple, clear, brief descriptions of functionality that will be valuable to either a user or purchaser of a product Expressed in a form like: As a <user> I can <do> so that <value> Agile Estimating and Planning 13 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 12. Key ideas of User Stories They highlight negotiation to happen between the customer and the team. User stories help deferring details till later They talk problems not solutions They fit nicely as your Product Backlog items Agile Estimating and Planning 14 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 13. Samples – Travel reservation system As a vacation planner, I As a user, I can reserve a can see photos of the hotel room. hotels. As a user, I can restrict As a user, I can cancel a searches so that I only see reservation. hotels with available rooms. Agile Estimating and Planning 15 15 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 14. Details added in smaller substories As a premium site member, I can cancel a reservation up to the last minute. As a non-premium As a user, I can member, I can cancel up to cancel a 24 hours in advance. reservation. As a site visitor, I am emailed a confirmation of any cancelled reservation. Agile Estimating and Planning 16 16 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 15. Details added as tests High level tests are added to the story Can be used to express additional details and expectations – As a user, I can cancel a reservation. • Verify that a premium member can cancel the same day without a fee. • Verify that a non-premium member is charged 10% for a same-day cancellation. • Verify that an email confirmation is sent. • Verify that the hotel is notified of any cancellation. • Figure out what to do if the user’s card is expired. Agile Estimating and Planning 17 17 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 16. What makes a good story? Independent Negotiable Valuable INVEST Estimatable Small Testable Thanks to Bill Wake for the acronym. See www.xp123.com. Agile Estimating and Planning 18 18 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 17. Agile Estimating and Planning 19 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 18. Making good user stories How would you rewrite the following requirement to make it a good user story? All connections to the database are through a connection pool. Agile Estimating and Planning 20 20 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 19. The Five Whys Agile Estimating and Planning 21 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 20. User Stories Workshop PO presents his/her Project Vision 1. PO and the team discuss the Users of the system 2. PO and the team dive into brainstorming on User 3. Stories (new Users might appear at this stage) When they have enough stories, they group them, 4. discard duplicates, discuss priorities, etc. At some stage team estimates the stories 5. …. 6. Agile Estimating and Planning 23 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 21. The Project Vision Agile Estimating and Planning 24 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 22. The iPET project Agile Estimating and Planning 25 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 23. Agile Planning Levels of Planning Requirements in SCRUM ► Estimation Techniques Sprint Planning Release Planning Agile Estimating and Planning 26 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 24. Agile Estimating and Planning 27 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 25. From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning” Agile Estimating and Planning 28 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 26. Agile Estimating and Planning 29 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 27. Agile Estimating and Planning 30 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 28. Agile Estimating and Planning 31 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 29. Agile Estimating and Planning 32 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 30. Agile Estimating and Planning 33 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 31. A typical issue with estimations Agile Estimating and Planning 34 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 32. Agile Estimating and Planning 35 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 33. Agile Estimating and Planning 36 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 34. Agile Estimating and Planning 37 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 35. Agile Estimating and Planning 38 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 36. The “Zoo” project Zebra 1. Hippopotamus 2. Elephant 3. Giraffe 4. Panda 5. Monkey 6. Tiger 7. Bear 8. Sea lion 9. Coyote 10. Agile Estimating and Planning 39 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 37. From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning” Agile Estimating and Planning 40 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 38. Estimating in Story Points Means the relative size of the story: Login screen is 2 – Search feature is 4 (twice bigger) – Unit-less points. Integrated level of understanding, complexity, risks, feelings… Precision is enough for release planning. Easy to estimate, harder to explain. Don’t inflate Agile Estimating and Planning 41 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 39. Estimating in Ideal Time Think of Ideal Time as when You have no interruptions – You have all you need – You feel good – Think of how many productive hours a day you usually have. Hard to agree, easy to argue: I can do it in 10 hours, you can do it in 5. So who is right? – Today I think it is 10h, next month (when I know more) I think it is 2 – Easier to explain, harder to estimate. Time estimates might inflate. Agile Estimating and Planning 42 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 40. Agile Planning Levels of Planning Requirements in SCRUM Estimation Techniques ► Sprint (Iteration) Planning Release Planning Agile Estimating and Planning 44 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 41. Agile Estimating and Planning 45 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 42. Agile Estimating and Planning 46 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 43. Agile Estimating and Planning 47 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 44. Agile Estimating and Planning 48 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 45. Agile Estimating and Planning 49 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 46. What DONE means Before you start estimating it is very important to agree with your PO on done criteria for the whole product increment. - So is it done? (the client asks the team) - Yes! - Can I ship it to my clients today? - Well… We will need 2 days to finish something there… Agile Estimating and Planning 50 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 47. Agile Planning Requirements in SCRUM Estimation Techniques Levels of Planning Sprint Planning ► Release Planning Agile Estimating and Planning 51 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 48. Agile Estimating and Planning 52 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 49. Steering your Projects “Ready? Fire! Aim… Aim… Aim… Aim…” © Kent Beck, Martin Fowler “Planning eXtreme Programming” Agile Estimating and Planning 53 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 50. There are four main parameters to planning Agile Estimating and Planning 54 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 51. Visualizing the time-scope relationship Release Burndown 2000 1800 1785 1620 1600 1400 Estimations 1200 1000 800 713 600 512 400 324 228 200 175 155 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sprints Agile Estimating and Planning 55 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 52. Agile Estimating and Planning 56 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 53. From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning” Agile Estimating and Planning 57 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 54. From Mike Cohn’s “Agile Estimating and Planning” Agile Estimating and Planning 58 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 55. Calibrating Velocity Agile Estimating and Planning 59 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 56. A SCRUM game To practice the following concepts: Backlog Estimations in points with Planning Poker Sprints Velocity Sprint Planning Meeting Sprint Review Meeting Retrospection Agile Estimating and Planning 60 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 57. Backlog two-stored building 1. catholic church 2. traffic light 3. one-stored building 4. one-stored building 5. tractor 6. kiosk 7. garage for tractor 8. tower cran 9. lorry 10. garage for lorry 11. kinder garden 12. two-stored building 13. one-stored building 14. bus stop 15. Agile Estimating and Planning 61 three-stored building 16. with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 58. The cycle Estimate new stories Sprint planning - 3 min Expected velocity – Everyone knows – what to work on Sprint - 3 min Demo - 3 min Actual velocity – Updated release plan – Retrospection - 3 min Agile Estimating and Planning 62 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides
  • 59. Join our community! Ukrainian Agile community www.agileukraine.org Join our Google discussion group Ukrainian SCRUM portal www.scrum.com.ua Agile Estimating and Planning 63 with SCRUM ©SCRUMguides