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Arens12e 14
1. Audit of the Sales and Collection Cycle: Tests of Controls and Substantive Tests of Transactions Chapter 14
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3. Accounts in the Sales and Collection Cycle Sales Cash sales Sales on account Accounts Receivable Cash receipts Sales returns and allowances Write-off of uncollectible accounts Beginning balance Sales on account Ending balance Cash in Bank Cash Discounts Taken Bad Debt Expense Sales Returns and Allowances
4. Accounts in the Sales and Collection Cycle Accounts Receivable Cash receipts Sales returns and allowances Write-off of uncollectible accounts Beginning balance Sales on account Ending balance Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts Write-off of uncollectible accounts Beginning balance Estimate of bad debt expense Ending balance Bad Debt Expense
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6. Sales Transaction Accounts Sales Accounts receivable Business Functions Processing customer orders Granting credit Shipping goods Billing customers and recording sales Documents and Records Customer order Sales order Customer order or sales order Shipping document Sales invoice Sales transaction file Sales journal or listing Accounts receivable master file Accounts receivable trial balance Monthly statements
7. Cash Receipts Transaction Cash in bank (debits from cash receipts) Accounts receivable Processing and recording cash receipts Remittance advice Prelisting of cash receipts Cash receipts transaction file Cash receipts journal or listing Accounts Business Functions Documents and Records
8. Sales Returns and Allowances Transaction Sales returns and allowances Accounts receivable Processing and recording sales returns and allowances Credit memo Sales and returns and allowances journal Accounts Business Functions Documents and Records
9. Write-off of Uncollectible Accounts Transaction Accounts receivable Allowance for uncollectible accounts Writing off uncollectible accounts receivable Uncollectible account authorization from general journal Accounts Business Functions Documents and Records
10. Bad Debt Expense Transaction Bad debt expense Allowance for uncollectible accounts Providing for bad debts General journal Accounts Business Functions Documents and Records
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20. Methodology for Designing Controls and Substantive Tests Understand internal control – sales Assess planned control risk – sales Determine extent of testing controls Design tests of controls and substantive tests of transactions for sales to meet transaction- related audit objectives Audit procedures Sample size Items to select Timing
21. Understand Internal Control – Sales Study the client’s flowcharts, prepare an internal control questionnaire, and perform walk-through tests of sales.
22. Assess Planned Control Risk – Sales 1. Framework for assessing control risk 2. Identify key internal controls and deficiencies 3. Associate controls and deficiencies with the objectives 4. Assess control risk for each objective Four Steps:
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25. Transaction-related Audit Objectives for Sales Occurrence: Recorded sales are for shipments actually made. Accuracy: Recorded sales are for the amount shipped. Completeness: Existing sales transactions are recorded.
26. Transaction-related Audit Objectives for Sales Classification: Sales transactions are correctly classified. Timing: Sales are recorded on the correct dates. Posting and summarization: Sales transactions are correctly included in the accounts receivable master file.
27. Direction of Tests for Sales Completeness start Existence start Customer order Shipping document Duplicate sales invoice Sales journal General journal Accounts receivable master file =
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30. Sales Returns and Allowances The transaction-related audit objectives and client’s methods of controlling misstatements are essentially the same for processing credit memos as those described for sales.
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38. Types of Audit Tests for the Sales and Collection Cycle Sales Accounts Receivable Cash in Bank Sales transactions Cash receipts transactions Ending balance Ending balance TOC + STOT + AP + TDB = Sufficient appropriate evidence Audited by TOC, STOT, and AP Audited by AP and TDB Audited by TOC, STOT, and AP
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