Sesta Conferenza Nazionale in Informatica e Pianificazione Urbana e Territoriale

1. Massimo Di Gangi Università degli Studi di Messina [email_address] A METHODOLOGY FOR AN AGGREGATE ANALYSIS OF EVACUATION OF BUILDINGS Corrado Rindone Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria [email_address]

11. INTRODUCTION – Classification of pedestrian evacuation tools TOOL COUNTRY PERSPECTIVE OF MODEL PERSPECTIVE OF USERS ALLSAFE Norway Global Global ASERI Germany Individual Individual BuildingExodus United Kingdom Individual Individual CRISP3 United Kingdom Individual Individual EESCAPE Austria Global Global EGRESS United Kingdom Individual Individual EVACNET4 United States Global Global EXIT89 United States Individual Individual EXITT United States Individual Individual FPETool United States Global Global GridFlow United Kingdom Individual Individual Legion United Kingdom Individual Individual PathFinder United States Individual Global PedGo Germany Individual Individual PEDROUTE United Kingdom Global Global SICURO Italy Individual Global Simulex United Kingdom Individual Individual STEPS United Kingdom Individual Individual TIMTEX United States Global Individual WAYOUT Australia Global Global

12. INTRODUCTION – Classification of pedestrian evacuation tools TOOL MODELLING METHOD STRUCTURE OF SUPPLY USER BEHAVIOUR ALLSAFE Partial Behaviour Coarse Implicit ASERI Behaviour Continuous Rule-Based / Conditional BuildingExodus Behaviour Fine Rule-Based / Conditional CRISP3 Behaviour Fine Rule-Based / Conditional EESCAPE Movement Coarse None EGRESS Behaviour Fine Conditional EVACNET4 Movement Coarse None EXIT89 Partial Behaviour Coarse Implicit EXITT Behaviour Coarse Rule-Based / Conditional FPETool Movement Other None GridFlow Partial Behaviour Continuous Implicit Legion Behaviour Continuous Artificial Intelligence PathFinder Movement Fine None PedGo Movement / Partial Behaviour Fine Implicit PEDROUTE Partial Behaviour Coarse Implicit SICURO Movement / Partial Behaviour Coarse None Simulex Partial Behaviour Continuous Implicit STEPS Movement / Partial Behaviour Fine None TIMTEX Movement Coarse None WAYOUT Movement Coarse None

20. MODELS COMPUTATION OF EVACUATION TIME Macroscopic approach Schematization of escape routes and data on occupants Densitiy for each element Geometrical characteristics Occupants Travel time for each escape route Occupants on each element Specific flow Speed evaluation Travel time for each element Escape routes Evacuation time Tevaq = max(T)

23. Test site EXPERIMENTATION Building type # Buildings Population Residenziali 23 89 Public School 1 155 Town hall 1 82 Court 1 7 Other 3 21 Mixed 28 262

24. Test site – location of the primary school EXPERIMENTATION

25. Graph of the pedestrian network – first floor EXPERIMENTATION

26. 120 Call First gathering place Second gathering place 121 122 Graph of the pedestrian network – ground floor EXPERIMENTATION

27. Demand - Primary school EXPERIMENTATION People to be evacuated: 142 Location Floor # centroid Functional type N. ground 15 Secretary’s office 2 16 Secretary’s office 3 17 Headmistress office 1 first 1 Classroom 1 a C 20 2 Classroom 1 a A 20 3 Classroom 2 a A 25 4 Classroom 2 a B 24 6 Classroom 2 a D 26 8 Classroom 2 a C 21

28. 1. Evacuation of the building 3. Transfer to the second gathering place Evacuation phases EXPERIMENTATION 2. Call of the pupils Evacuation

29. Surveys First gathering place Second gathering place Positions of cameras EXPERIMENTATION

30. Recorded times EXPERIMENTATION EVENT Clock time Event notification 10:14:21 The Mayor reaches the operative center 10:23:48 The Mayor alerts the headmistress of the primary school 10:27:09 Alarm signal is activated at the town hall 10:37:31 Alarm signal is activated at primary school 10:39:26 All the pupils of primary the school reach the first assembly point 10:43:40 All the pupils of primary the school reach the second assembly point 10:48:45 Pupils begin to board 10:51:00 Bus starts from the assembly point 10:52:10

34. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS Phase Description Measur. time Macro simul. Sicuro (meso) 1 Evacuation of the building reaching first assembly point 4’14’’ 4’23” 5’47’’ 2 Roll-call of pupils at first assembly point 3’05’’ 3’00” 2’58’’ 3 Transfer to second assembly point 2’00’’ 4’00” 1’43’’ Total time 9’19’’ 11’23” 10’28”

37. Massimo Di Gangi Università degli Studi di Messina [email_address] A METHODOLOGY FOR AN AGGREGATE ANALYSIS OF EVACUATION OF BUILDINGS Corrado Rindone Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria [email_address]