1. IAMOT2010 Conference at Cairo, Egypt
A Patent Landscape of
Distribution Service Innovation
*Hajime SASAKI
Ichiro SAKATA
Japan, The University of Tokyo,
Todai Policy Alternatives Research Institute

2. Introduction
Background：
・Service industries are growing up.
・Governments of major countries have been taking measures to promote
service engineering to support those industries.
Service industries are
・less advanced in the establishment of definitions
・classification methods in comparison to manufacturing industries.
ex) At the present day, IPC(international Patent Classification) which can
identify service industries is not exist.
Patent analysis is often employed as a methodology of trend survey of
technology field.
Then
It is currently hard to learn how innovations are in service technologies from
definition and classification of patent information system.

3. Purpose and Focus
We assume that it is impossible that identifying
• a main technological fields by Extracting words that frequently
appear in dataset
•a recent technological trend by Extracting time-trend of these
words.
Purpose:
Try to extract
• main technological fields and
• recent technological trends
of service industry using the method of natural language processing
analysis(TF/IDF) of patent gazette.
One of most major fields in Service industries
“Distribution Service”

4. Definition and Database
Definition:
Patents include words “logistic”, “supply chain” or “value chain”
In “title of the invention” or “abstract”
as patent gazette related with “distribution service” in service
industries.
Query ：
“logistic*” OR “supply chain*” OR “value chain*”
Database：WW patent gazette (17,905,611 records) (granted by 2009,8)
USPTO (granted) CIPO (granted)
EPO (granted) KIPO (granted and examined)
JPO (granted)
From isi thomson innovation ®
Extracted a total of 8,223 patents

5. Top 10 inventor in dataset.
400
300
200
100 Silverbrook Resarch US ARMY US NAVY

6. Timeline Trends (8,223patents)
1500
1000
US
500 EU
JP
KR
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
DE
• linear increase
• The majority were submitted by US inventers each year

7. Top 10 IPC（International Patent Classification）
G06F:
Digital computing or dataprocessing equipment
G06Q:
Methods or arrangements for processing data

8. word extraction by (TF/IDF)
TfIdf= tf ・ idf
Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency
measure of the importance measure of the general
of the term importance of the term
・frequent repeats of certain word in a patent gazettes
increase the TF/IDF value
・frequent repeats of index word in many documents
reduce the value.

9. TOP 50 words in Dataset (8,223patents)
# w ord % # w ord %
#1 P rocesses,P rocessi P rocess
ng, 23.5 #26 P rogram 6.5 #5
#2 C oded D ata,D ata 21.9 #27 M oni ng,M oni
tori tor 6.3 #5
#3 D evices,D evi ce 18.7 #28 S ecuri ty 6.3 #5
#4 R eceives,R ecei ver,R ecei ng
vi 18.2 #29 D etected S cene,D etecti
on 6.2 #5
#5 I
nform ati on 17.6 #30 Extendi ng 6.1 #5
#6 S ource G enerates I nterrogation 13.9 #31 D atabase 5.7 #5
#7 C om m uni ons,C om m uni on
cati cati 13.5 #32 M ounted,M ounti ng 5.7 #5
#8 C onnected,C onnecti on 13.1 #33 I
nput 5.7 #5
#9 P roducts,P roducti P roduct
on, 13.1 #34 O utput 5.6 #5
#10 S tored,S tore
G06F: 12.8 #35 A ssem bl y 5.6 #6
#11 C om puter Digital computing or dataprocessingV ehi e
12.1 #36 V ehi es,
cl cl 5.6 #6
#12 D eterm i ng,D equipment
ni eterm ines,D eterm i
ned 11.3 #37 A ttached 5.4 #6
#13 U ser 10.7 #38 I
denti cati
fi on 5.3 #6
#14 N etw ork 10.1 #39 Electri l El
caly, ectri ,El
cal ectri
c 5.3 #6
#15 M anagem ent
G06Q: 10.0 #40 I cati D ata,I cati
ndi ng ndi ve 5.2 #6
#16 M ethods Methods or arrangements forOprocessing
9.6 #41 bj ect 5.2 #6
#17 M ateri s,B ilM ateri s,M ateri
al l dataal al 9.5 #42 P ow er 5.1 #6
#18 I
nterrogati S i ,S i
on gnal gnal 9.2 #43 S erver 5.1 #6
#19 S urface 8.5 #44 D i ay
spl 5.0 #6
#20 I
denti ng,I
fyi denti erfi 7.9 #45 Tracki ng 4.9 #7
#21 Electroni c 7.8 #46 S uppl C hai C hai
y n, n 4.8 #7
#22 A ccess 7.5 #47 C i t
rcui 4.8 #7
#23 Transm i ng
tti 7.4 #48 A pplcati R equest,R equest
i on 4.7 #7
#24 S ervice 6.9 #49 S ensor 4.6 #7
#25 I
nterface S urface,I nterface 6.7 #50 W ater 4.5 #7

10. Time series analysis 2003~2006 Top25
年度（件 年度（件 年度（件 年度（件
数） 数） 数） 数）
2003 (772) % 2004(710) % 2005(654) % 2006(500) %
Coded Data 25 Coded Data 28 Devices 26 Devices 26
Processes 20 Devices 25 Recieves 23 Coded Data 24
Devices 20 Receives 23 Coded Date 23 Recieves 24
Information 18 Information 22 Information 20 Processes 23
Recieves 17 Processes 22 Processes 19 Information 22
Computer 14 Products 17 Communication 16 Source Generate 18
Communication 14 Source Generate 16 Determining 16 Rfid 17
Methods 14 Determining 15 Computer 16 Tag 17
Management 13 Computer 14 Stored 14 Interrogation 16
Stored 13 Communication 13 Connected 12 Communication 16
Products 13 Stored 13 Products 12 Stored 15
Source Generate 13 Methods 12 Methods 12 Identification 14
User 12 User 11 Interrogation 11 Connected 14
Network 12 Identifying 11 Tag 11 Frequency 13
Connected 12 Management 11 Sorce Generate 11 Determining 13
Dtermining 12 Connected 10 Rfid 11 Products 13
Identifying 9 Network 9 Identifying 10 Radio 13
Interrogation 8 Monitoring 9 Network 10 Management 12
Program 8 Surface 9 User 10 Method 11
Service 8 Intterogation 9 Management 10 Transmitting 10
Detected Scen 8 Interface 9 Program 10 Output 10
Access 7 Identification 9 Identification 10 User 10
Securyty 7 Sensor 8 Montoring 9 Materials 10
Monitoring 7 Indicating Data 8 Transmitting 9 Network 10
They appear
Transmitting for the
7 1 st time during the
Electronic year7 Electronic 8 Antenna 9

11. RFID（ Radio-Frequency
IDentification） (typically referred to as
・is the use of an object
an RFID tag) applied to or incorporated into a
product for the purpose of identification and
tracking using radio waves.
Recently used in
Payment by mobile phones
Transportation payments
・First Technology related with RFID
was invented in 1950s.
It was for administration or
management of firming animal in
europe.
Then RFID is relatively old technology.
→But, growing up in words.

12. Time trend analysis (query:”RFID”)
11,672 patents
4000
3000
US
2000
EU
1000 JP
KR
DE
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
• Truly. increase exponentially
• Made an interviews to RFID specialist…

13. Time trend analysis (query:”RFID”)
4000
Nov. ’03 EPC global was founded
3000
US
2000
EU
1000 JP
KR
DE
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Existing technology ＋ social action⇒ Innovation
Cooperation stimulates Competition

14. Conclusion
• confirmed the trends with applications for approval of these patents,
identifying the corresponding categories of technology in the IPC.
• confirmed a rapid growth in RFID, which has been attracting attention
of many recently from a timeline analysis.
then
It was usable for distribution service fields that using the method of NLP
analysis based on patent database in order to extract main
technological fields and recent technological trends.
• one of the reason of rapid growth in RFID is assumed founded of EPC
global.
Then
Technological standardization in WW will be one of a key factor in also
other field of service industries.

15. Thank you very much for your attention.

16. Policy Proposal
• the improvement of research infrastructure for
service industries
• a system / definition which promotes service
innovations based on international relationships
• a proper consideration of establishment and renewal
for technological standards that promote re-
development in service industries.