French architecture between 1000-1400 AD included Romanesque and Gothic styles. Romanesque descended from Roman architecture and used thick walls, small windows, and groin vaults. Gothic originated in France and was the opposite of Romanesque, using large windows, thin walls, and rib vaulting. Stone and stained glass were the main materials, with limestone commonly used since metal was too expensive. Architecture evolved from bulky Romanesque to more open and welcoming Gothic designs as walls became thinner.
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