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HUMOR IN ACTS CHAPTER 12 
By Glenn Pease 
Preface 
There is much more in this chapter than humor, but I have written this to point out 
that Dr. Luke had a sense of humor, and he exhibited it in his writing of the history 
of the early church. We often study the Bible with such a serious mind that we miss 
the humor that God intended for us to see and enjoy. Life is serious business, and 
there are many problems to cope with. God knows we need humor to balance out 
the stresses of life, so read and enjoy the lighter side of the Christian life in the midst 
of persecution. An Apostle has been killed, and it is a time of grief, but it is also a 
time of rejoicing, for we are to rejoice in the Lord always, and not just when all is 
going well. 
Peter's Miraculous Escape From Prison 
1 It was about this time that King Herod arrested 
some who belonged to the church, intending to 
persecute them. 
One of the paradoxes of history is that some of the most humorous things happen in 
what are the worst of times. Crisis and tragedy and bad news do not eliminate the 
presence of humor. The book of Esther is one of the best examples of this reality, but 
here is one of the best examples in the New Testament. Herod is determined to make 
it hell on earth for those who claim to be the children of heaven. He began to arrest 
Christians, and even went so far as to have James put to death with the sword. The 
tragedy has begun in full force, and yet the comedy is not far behind. Soon Peter is 
brought into the tragedy also, but then God demonstrates his sense of humor and we 
see comedy take over in the midst of the tragic. 
Even before we get to Peter and the comedy of his prison escape, we have the brief 
note in verse 2 about James being killed with the sword. This means that he was 
beheaded. There is nothing funny about that, and yet it is funny that this would be 
the full record of the death of one of the key characters in the life of Christ. James, 
John his brother and Peter play major roles in the Gospels. They were the 3 who 
had the most intimate relationship with Jesus. They were the inner circle. Now 
James becomes the first Apostle to be martyred, and it is all summed up in 6 words- 
“put to death with the sword.” That is the smallest obituary in the Bible for one of 
the most important persons in the Bible. What makes this brevity so laughable is 
that one of the longest chapters in the Bible, chapter 7 of Acts, is devoted to the
speech and martyrdom of Stephen who was a layman. This radical contrast in the 
space devoted to the death of these two men of God has provoked some amazement 
in the minds of commentators. It is like having a full page obituary for a deacon in 
the church, and a one liner for the pastor of 30 years who built the church up from 
60 members to 6000 members. People in the church would think that very odd, 
strange, and unfair. They would think it was some kind of a joke-the kind that is not 
funny. The fact is, life is not fair for believers any more than it is for unbelievers. 
Another paradox of history is that those who are given great tasks to accomplish are 
often taken out of the picture before it is half painted. James along with the rest of 
the Apostles was given the challenge to go into all the world and preach the Gospel. 
Some of them made it a long way toward fulfilling this command of Jesus, but 
James never made it out of town. He is killed in Jerusalem before he ever had a 
chance to travel anywhere with the good news. Unless you have the perspective of a 
sense of humor about God’s plan in history and beyond you will be depressed about 
what seems such a waste. Many a man and woman has spent years in training to be 
pastor’s and missionaries, or some other worker in the kingdom of God, and then 
before they enter active service they are killed in an accident or die of some disease. 
It is pure tragedy from an earthly point of view. It is all wasted effort and we want 
to join the pessimist in Ecclesiastes and moan, “vanity of vanities, all is vanity.” 
This is the time to have the perspective of Jesus. He said we are not to fear those 
who can kill the body and that is all they can do. That sounds like a lot, but the loss 
of the body does not end the life of a believer. Nothing they have learned is wasted, 
for God has work for us to do in the heavenly realm, and all we have learned in this 
life will be useful in that life. James was robbed of the chance to go into all the 
world, but nothing could rob him of the tasks Jesus will have for him to do in 
heaven. We need to see tragic history with a sense of humor so that the terrible 
deeds of tyrants like Herod do not turn us into pessimists. With a God-like sense of 
humor we can laugh at their puny power to take away our body, but have no ability 
at all to take away our eternity of service to our Lord. 
When Jesus rose and then ascended to heaven he continued to labor as our 
intercessor, and he has a job for all who enter his heavenly presence. (See my study 
on jobs in heaven in my book Windows Into Heaven.) Commentators point out that 
there was no attempt to replace James with another Apostle, as they did with Judas. 
That is because the 12 will always be the 12 for all eternity and the promise to them 
will be fulfilled. We read in Matthew 19:28 “And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say 
unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man 
shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the 
twelve tribes of Israel.” James will be there, and so we can look at horrible Herod 
and laugh at his futile efforts to put an end to the plan of God. If you can find a 
reason to laugh in every tragic situation, your sense of humor will give you hope and 
prevent depression. That reason is always the sovereignty of God who will never let 
evil succeed, but will always bring good out of evil. Many times we can see the good 
in time, but when we do not, we need to trust that God always laughs at the powers 
that defy him, because he has a plan that makes their plan backfire and eventually
serve his purpose. Laugh at the things God laughs at and you will find comedy even 
in the midst of the tragic. 
The comedy in this chapter becomes full blown and obvious when we come to the 
account of how Herod deals with the second Apostle of the inner three. Herod saw 
that the killing of James brought pleasure to the Jews. Here we have a sick sense of 
humor illustrated. An innocent man who has done nothing wrong has his head cut 
off and they laugh and get enjoyment out of this cruel murder. This sadistic 
response motivates Herod to go on with more injustice, and so he arrests Peter. No 
doubt the goal was to add another scalp to his belt and take Peter’s head off as well. 
It was a little too early in the game for God to allow two heads to fall from the 
chosen 12 and so he intervenes in history and sends an angel of the Lord to rescue 
Peter. After all, he was to be the head of the 12, and so losing his head did not fit the 
plan at all. The result is that comedy takes over and pushes the tragedy off the stage. 
2He had James, the brother of John, put to death 
with the sword. 
3When he saw that this pleased the Jews, he 
proceeded to seize Peter also. This happened 
during the Feast of Unleavened Bread. 
4After arresting him, he put him in prison, 
handing him over to be guarded by four squads of 
four soldiers each. Herod intended to bring him 
out for public trial after the Passover. 
This seems like excessive security on the part of Herod. One could call it overkill to 
have four squads of four soldiers to guard one man. It would make sense if all of the 
rest of the 11 Apostles were arrested to have such a force, but to assign 16 soldiers to 
guard one man is beyond reason. But we need to remember that back in chapter 5
all of the Apostles were in prison cells and they walked out free without ever leaving 
a door unlocked. This made a lasting impression on the authorities and they were 
not going to take any chances of a repeat performance. They may have a Houdini on 
their hands, and so they need to take special precautions to make sure this can never 
happen. This excessive security makes the escape all the more humorous, because it 
sets up the stage for the man versus God engagement. It is man using the best of his 
resources against God who should have no reason to be involved in a prison escape, 
that is, according to their view of what ought to be. 
The dramedy opens in verse 6 with Peter sound asleep. A dramedy is a combination 
of drama and comedy. Wait a minute! This is not right. Peter has just seen one of his 
closest friends and fellow Apostles have his head removed by wicked Herod, and he 
is next, and you expect us to believe he is lying in prison getting a good nights sleep? 
On top of the abysmal accommodations he was chained to two soldiers. I have never 
slept with two total strangers with chains tying me to them, but I have a sneaking 
suspicion that it would lack the comfort that I usually demand for a good nights 
sleep. This is ridiculous. He should be pictured walking back and forth in nervous 
fear, and having one of the most sleepless nights of his life. His head is almost on the 
chopping block, and you expect us to believer he has his head on a pillow sleeping 
like a baby just hours before his trial is to begin? Dr. Luke, you must be kidding! 
This is not normal behavior. But the record stands, and Peter is getting a good 
nights rest before he goes to his, so called, final rest. Some people just have the 
ability to sleep anywhere and under any circumstances, and Peter is among them. 
He along with James and John even went to sleep when they were to be watching 
with Jesus as he prayed in the Garden of Gethsemane. 
To add to the humor of the situation, the angel who came to deliver him had to poke 
him in the side to get him to wake up. You would think that just the light that shown 
in the cell would have wakened him, but not so. He goes on sleeping with a bright 
light in his face. The angel strikes him and tells him to get up. There is no need to 
whisper for there has to be racket galore as the chains fall off Peter and crash on the 
floor. Obviously part of the miracle here is keeping the guards in a deep sleep so 
that they hear nothing. So we see it took a light, a poke, and a shout to get through 
to Peter’s sleepy brain. He was not just lightly sleeping but into deep sleep. He had 
not a care in the world as he faced what was certain death. The first part of the 
miracle was just getting Peter to wake up. Maybe you know someone like Peter. I 
have a son who could sleep through a bomb attack like Rip Van Winkle. I tried to 
wake him one time and did all but push him out of the bed and onto the floor, but he 
went on in blissful oblivion that there was any danger for which he should be 
awake. Peter may be the only man in history who needed an angel’s poke in the side 
to get him to wake up. Most people are not such sound sleepers that they need 
angelic aid to wake up when they are so near to dying. Jesus called Peter the rock, 
so it could be he knew Peter slept like a rock. We know he saw Peter sink like a rock 
when he stepped out of the boat to walk on water. He definitely had some rock like 
qualities 
I did read of a college student coming back to the dorm and finding his classmate
still asleep. He poked him and said, “Hey, Alex, you have missed your morning 
classes. Do you have any others?” Alex opened one eye and yawned as he rolled over 
to go back to sleep. He said, “No, I’m done for the day.” This is the kind of carefree 
attitude we see in Peter as he sleeps so soundly with a violent death just hours away. 
The student may have been lazy, but Peter could have this attitude because he knew 
the Jesus who had conquered death, and he was assured that if he died it was going 
to be a happy reunion with his Lord. But apart from his faith, he was just one of 
those who was really good at sleeping. Had there been a sleeping contest he would 
have been in the finals for sure. 
With a little imagination you can just see Peter in a daze as he tries to hurry and get 
dressed. He may have put his sandals on the wrong feet and gotten his clothes on 
backwards as he stumbled out of the cell to follow this glorious stranger who woke 
him in the night. It was no doubt comedic if we could have watched it all on a video, 
for Peter was in shock and still not fully awake as he sought to follow the orders of 
this strange visitor. I am sure visiting hours were over, and this whole scene was not 
following the rules set down by the prison authorities. Leaving the prison in the 
middle of the night was frowned on, I am sure. Peter knew he was breaking the 
rules, but when God is obviously staging a prison break, you don't ask questions, 
but just follow orders no matter how sleepy you are. 
It is a good thing Peter became an Apostle and not a criminal. With his tendency to 
go to sleep he could have ended up as one of the dumbest criminals. It was reported 
as a true story that a burglar in Nashville got into a home and began to collect 
things to steal. He found some chicken in the refrigerator along with some 
cranberry juice and decided to consume them. He tried out the big king size bed to 
see how it felt and before he realized it he fell asleep. He was there when the women 
of the house came home and she called the police. They had to waken him at 
gunpoint and take him to jail. The arresting officer remarked that he must have had 
a rough day. Such is the danger of being a sound sleeper who can fall asleep 
anytime. At least Peter is going the right direction, for he is being wakened to leave 
jail and not being wakened to be taken to jail. 
In verse 8 the angel begins to give instructions to sleepy head, who would soon be no 
head if he does not listen and obey. He tells him to put on his clothes and sandals. It 
is funny to see how miracles work. The angel could make the chains fall off his 
wrists with no problem, but he has to ask for Peter to cooperate and put on his 
clothes. Miracles are different than magic. With magic you just point your finger or 
wiggle your nose and the clothes are automatically on him. This type of thing is not 
the way God works. God does not do magic. His miracles do not eliminate the 
cooperation needed by man. A miracle is God doing what man cannot do, but God 
will not do by miracle what man can do by his own power. You can set on your bed 
and pray all day long for God to put your shoes on, but at the end of the day you 
will still be barefoot. God does not do for you what you are capable of doing for 
yourself. Peter could not get the chains off, and he could not get the cell open, but he 
could put on his clothes, and so the angel cannot move on to the next step until Peter 
does his part. God expects us all to do our part before any miracle can become real
and complete. 
Verse 9 shows Peter cooperating completely and following the angel out of the 
prison. He was awake, but still thought he was sleeping and just seeing a vision. It 
was all so strange and unreal to him. He never dreamed that this was not a dream, 
and that it was really happening. We cannot imagine how strange Peter felt as this 
miracle scene progressed. He just walked past the guards and the iron gate opened 
for them and he was soon out on the street a free man. Then the angel suddenly left 
him just as suddenly as he came. Again, we see the angel doing only what 
supernatural power can do. Once that was achieved he was gone and Peter was on 
his own to do what a man can do, which I would assume was that he took off 
running. Verse 11 says he came to himself and woke up completely. It was all like a 
dream as he followed the angel, but now he is in touch with the natural reality of 
where he was and he realizes God has set him free from the clutches of Herod. He 
reflects on the situation and knows that great crowds are soon waking up 
anticipating the thrill of seeing another head roll, but God has changed their plans. 
He does not feel bad for spoiling the fun of so many people, but rejoices that God 
has chosen to keep his head in service He has been the object of God’s special 
providence, and this means God wants him alive and well to achieve His purpose in 
time. 
The Apostle slept, a light shone in the prison, 
An angel touched his side/ 
Arise, he said; and quickly he hath risen 
His fettered arms untied. 
The watchers saw no light at midnight gleaming, 
They heard no sound of feet; 
The gates fly open, and the saint, still dreaming, 
Stands free upon the street. J. D. Burnes 
5So Peter was kept in prison, but the church was 
earnestly praying to God for him. 
6The night before Herod was to bring him to 
trial, Peter was sleeping between two soldiers,
bound with two chains, and sentries stood guard 
at the entrance. 
7Suddenly an angel of the Lord appeared and a 
light shone in the cell. He struck Peter on the side 
and woke him up. "Quick, get up!" he said, and 
the chains fell off Peter's wrists. 
8Then the angel said to him, "Put on your clothes 
and sandals." And Peter did so. "Wrap your 
cloak around you and follow me," the angel told 
him. 
9Peter followed him out of the prison, but he had 
no idea that what the angel was doing was really 
happening; he thought he was seeing a vision. 
10They passed the first and second guards and 
came to the iron gate leading to the city. It opened 
for them by itself, and they went through it. When 
they had walked the length of one street, suddenly 
the angel left him.
11Then Peter came to himself and said, "Now I 
know without a doubt that the Lord sent his angel 
and rescued me from Herod's clutches and from 
everything the Jewish people were anticipating." 
12When this had dawned on him, he went to the 
house of Mary the mother of John, also called 
Mark, where many people had gathered and were 
praying. 
Another light came on for Peter and he realized that he had to share the good news 
of his escape, plus make sure he was not captured again. He knew that his friends at 
the home of Mary, the mother of John, were having an all night prayer meeting on 
his behalf. What a thrill to be able to show up and show them that their prayers 
have been answered in such a miraculous way. Peter was anticipating a welcome 
like none he ever had before. But unfortunately the angel had left him and he had to 
get through doors on his own now. The miracle time was over and now all had to be 
done by natural means. 
So Peter comes to the outer door and begins to knock. Nobody heard it but the 
servant girl Rhoda. They were all praying and Peter may have knocked quite softly 
not wanting to arouse any neighbors. Whatever reason only Rhoda heard the knock. 
Had they all heard it they would be flying to the door as a group anticipating some 
news about Peter. But only Rhoda came and she gives us act 2 of this comedy. Being 
somewhat more emotional than your average flake, she was so happy to hear that it 
was Peter at the door that she forgot to let him in. All she could think of was how 
happy everyone will be to hear that Peter is back and no longer in prison. Such good 
news she wanted to share immediately, and so she took off like a shot to let the 
others know that it was Peter at the door. Someone suggested that if a movie had 
been made of this chapter, Rhoda would be played by the late Lucille Ball, who like 
Rhoda was over excitable. Here we see the humor of emotion taking over and 
leaving common sense behind. 
It would seem that Rhoda has something of a reputation for youthful silliness, for
the response she got was, “You must be out of your mind.” Now the whole body of 
believes are in comedy mode. The debate begins with Rhoda. They assure her that 
she is hallucinating and she argues that she knows what she heard and it was really 
Peter. They cannot swallow that, but come up with a theory that it could be Peter’s 
angel. Meanwhile, Peter is banging on the door trying to get in. He just escaped 
from prison bars and an iron gate, but he cannot get through this silly door. His 
prison escape was the easy part of the night. His hardest battle was getting into the 
Christian prayer meeting. For all he knows the soldiers are on his trail and will soon 
have him back in their grips, but he cannot get out of sight because of the debate 
going on in the house. Is it really Peter out there or is there some other answer to 
this mystery of a voice that sounds just like Peter? There is a lot of humor in the 
things that Christian debate while they ignore practical issues that demand action 
right now. 
Finally some genius in their midst said lets go see for ourselves. When they opened 
the door they were amazed that it really was Peter. Rhoda could finally say, “I told 
you I was right!” Peter urged them to be quiet. He had made enough noise in his 
banging on the door, and he did not want any more attention drawn to him by their 
loud rejoicing. As he rubbed his bruised knucles from banging on the door, he told 
them the awesome story of his deliverance and urged them to spread the word to the 
other Apostles and leaders. He then took off to another place, hoping that he could 
get in with more speed, and with a door keeper with less emotion and more common 
sense. You can just imagine, however, that after he left, the group of Christians 
would have a great laugh at his miraculous escape. They would be chuckling for 
days as they talked about how God outwitted Herod. Gail Sanders wrote, "The fact 
that Luke gives her name here tells me this story of her running off so excited 
without actually opening the door was probably told over and over, perhaps as a 
humorous anecdote in the church." There is no doubt that Dr. Luke had a sense of 
humor, for he gives us so much to laugh about in Acts. 
Peter did not express any criticism of Rhoda's behavior because he was a man of 
emotional impulses just like her. He was the one who whipped out his sword and cut 
off the ear of Malcus. It was an emotional impulse that was crazy and out of line 
with the will of Christ. He could have gotten them all killed on the spot. He was the 
one who leaped out of the boat when Jesus came walking on the water, and would 
have drowned had Jesus not rescued him. He was the one who on impulse denied 
that he even knew Jesus. He was the one who left all of the others to haul a heavy 
load of fish to shore while he leaped into the water and swam to shore to see Jesus. 
Josh Tinley considers this one of the most humorous texts in the Bible. He writes, 
"When Simon Peter heard that it was the Lord, he put on some clothes, because he 
was naked, and jumped into the sea." (John 21:7) Peter may not have been literally 
naked; he may have been wearing a loincloth or a “loose-fitting work smock.”2 “Put 
on some clothes” might be translated “belted his outer garment.” So it’s possible 
that Peter was just wearing an open robe and that he simply tied the belt on his robe 
before jumping into the Sea of Tiberius. Still, the most common English translations 
suggest that Peter was fishing in the nude (funny) and got dressed to swim to the
shore (also funny). Hollywood has earned millions of laughs from people jumping 
into water fully clothed. Nudity is always funny, even if it involves the “rock” upon 
whom Jesus built his church. Regardless of whether Peter was tightening his belt or 
haphazardly covering his birthday suit, he jumped overboard and swam to the 
shore because he was giddy. He was giddy because the risen Christ was standing on 
the beach cooking breakfast. We should all be giddy about Peter’s giddy-ness." The 
point is, Rhoda was giddy at hearing Peter's voice, and her reaction was a lot like 
that of Peter when he was excited about hearing the voice of the Lord on shore. 
Then in verses 18 and 19 the comedy continues but with tragedy taking front stage 
again, as we see the folly and cruelty of Herod. It is funny to imagine how Herod 
and his soldiers were going crazy trying to find Peter. They were totally mystified 
and they searched every corner of the prison. There was no storage area or closet or 
cell that was not gone over with a fine tooth comb. All was checked and double 
checked, and we can just picture the frustration of Herod. It was like the old story 
of trying to find a black cat in a dark room, which is not there. Peter is long gone, 
and we see them frantically searching for him. We know it is folly and that their 
efforts are vain, but they do not know, and so we laugh at their futility. But then 
Herod’s anger took over and when the guards could not come up with a reasonable 
explanation he had them executed. Leave it to Herod to throw a wet blanket on the 
fire of humor and turn it into a cold and heartless tragedy. That is what happens all 
the time with people who have no sense of humor. 
13Peter knocked at the outer entrance, and a 
servant girl named Rhoda came to answer the 
door. 
14When she recognized Peter's voice, she was so 
overjoyed she ran back without opening it and 
exclaimed, "Peter is at the door!" 
15"You're out of your mind," they told her. 
When she kept insisting that it was so, they said, 
"It must be his angel."
16But Peter kept on knocking, and when they 
opened the door and saw him, they were 
astonished. 
17Peter motioned with his hand for them to be 
quiet and described how the Lord had brought 
him out of prison. "Tell James and the brothers 
about this," he said, and then he left for another 
place. 
18In the morning, there was no small commotion 
among the soldiers as to what had become of 
Peter. 
19After Herod had a thorough search made for 
him and did not find him, he cross-examined the 
guards and ordered that they be executed. 
Herod's Death 
Then Herod went from Judea to Caesarea and 
stayed there a while.
20He had been quarreling with the people of Tyre 
and Sidon; they now joined together and sought 
an audience with him. Having secured the support 
of Blastus, a trusted personal servant of the king, 
they asked for peace, because they depended on 
the king's country for their food supply. 
21On the appointed day Herod, wearing his royal 
robes, sat on his throne and delivered a public 
address to the people. 
22They shouted, "This is the voice of a god, not of 
a man." 
23Immediately, because Herod did not give 
praise to God, an angel of the Lord struck him 
down, and he was eaten by worms and died. 
Herod was feeling like a god as he sat high and mighty on his throne robed in royal 
garments. The people cheered him as a god and in pride he welcomes the idolatry of 
his being. It was the final straw that tested the patience of God, and the angel of the 
Lord struck him down, and he died a horrible death. He was acting like a complete 
fool by letting it go to his head that he was so powerful. Men had exalted him to the
heights, and so it was time for God to lower him to the depths. Pride goes before a 
fall, and nowhere is this seen more clearly than in the death of Herod. This roller 
coaster chapter of alternating tragedy and comedy comes to a conclusion with a 
mixture of both. It is comedic that any man could seriously entertain the notion that 
he is a god, but Herod is lapping up the praise like a hog at feeding time. He is so 
enamored with himself in all his beauty. It is the comedy of the clown pretending to 
be sophisticated. Such comedy is not funny to God, and so he makes the death of 
Herod a picture of horror and ugliness with his worm eaten body exposed to those 
who praised him as a god. Worm eaten gods have a very short shelf life, and this so 
called god of Herod was crossed out of the script of time, experiencing a level of 
cruelty he so often imposed on others. A fitting end to one so unfit to be a ruler of 
men. Because God has a sense of humor we see a man who treated others like worms 
going out of this life as a worm infested corpse. 
It is hard not to be happy that Herod is gone. He would likely have gone on 
persecuting the Christians, and especially the Apostles, and so the rest of them 
escaped from his cruelty by the judgment of God upon him. His death relieved them 
of a lot of anxiety. The paradox is that bad things are also good things. It was bad 
for Herod to die with such a disgusting malady, but what a blessing to those who 
would soon come under his wrath. Their were people in grief for they lost their 
positions of power by relating to Herod. On the other hand were people in 
celebration for they were relieved of the pressure of dealing with his tyranny. Good 
and bad are often in the same setting, and the same thing can mean opposite things 
to different people. It is the paradox of life, and it is a funny thing because it is true 
that people can be crying or laughing at the same event. What everything means 
depends on your perspective. Good and evil are relative to your perspective. Was 
Herod’s death a tragedy or a blessing? You cannot escape the fact that it was both, 
because it is seen from two different perspectives. It is just like any sporting event. 
There are two sides, and so every win is both a cause for grief and a cause for 
celebration, for one wins and the other loses. If your team wins you say it was a good 
game, but the opponent says it was a rotten game. You don’t have to decide which it 
was, for it was both. Almost every event in life can be seen from more than one 
perspective, and that is why comedy and tragedy are so closely linked, for often they 
are the very same event or series of events. For the Christians this was good news, 
for without Herod blocking the way the word of God continued to increase and 
spread. Comedy won out over tragedy 
Again, God has the last laugh, and his people no doubt had great pleasure in 
reading the obituaries in the Jerusalem Gazett telling of Herod's death. Have you 
ever gotten a thrill of joy when you see a cruel wicked person shot by the good guy 
in a movie. He has gotten by with so much evil, but justice wins in the end as he is 
brought down by a righteous fighter for justice. There is humor in negative settings 
when the negative is the judgment of God on evil personalities like Herod. The 
humor of God is seen in history all the time when proud men reap the reward of 
their abuse of power by being rendered powerless. Herod got his kicks out of killing 
James, and was planning to add to his joy by killing Peter. Instead, God had a 
funeral planned, and he did not want Herod to miss it since he was the guest of
honor. He died in humiliation just when people were proclaiming him to be a god. 
He had just reached the pinnacle of his career at age 54, and was considered 
godlike, and then those lousy worms brought him to the grave. When your god can 
be defeated by worms, it is time to reevaluate your theology, but all people ever 
learn from history is that people never learn from history, and so they go on 
idolizing people in power who lack the ability to defeat the power of worms. This is 
a laughable characteristic of human nature, and it is funny to read about all the 
people and things that are worshiped as gods by people who refuse to acknowledge 
the reality of the God of Scripture. 
24But the word of God continued to increase and 
spread. 
25When Barnabas and Saul had finished their 
mission, they returned from[a] Jerusalem, taking 
with them John, also called Mark.

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15827659 humor-in-acts-chapter-12

  • 1. HUMOR IN ACTS CHAPTER 12 By Glenn Pease Preface There is much more in this chapter than humor, but I have written this to point out that Dr. Luke had a sense of humor, and he exhibited it in his writing of the history of the early church. We often study the Bible with such a serious mind that we miss the humor that God intended for us to see and enjoy. Life is serious business, and there are many problems to cope with. God knows we need humor to balance out the stresses of life, so read and enjoy the lighter side of the Christian life in the midst of persecution. An Apostle has been killed, and it is a time of grief, but it is also a time of rejoicing, for we are to rejoice in the Lord always, and not just when all is going well. Peter's Miraculous Escape From Prison 1 It was about this time that King Herod arrested some who belonged to the church, intending to persecute them. One of the paradoxes of history is that some of the most humorous things happen in what are the worst of times. Crisis and tragedy and bad news do not eliminate the presence of humor. The book of Esther is one of the best examples of this reality, but here is one of the best examples in the New Testament. Herod is determined to make it hell on earth for those who claim to be the children of heaven. He began to arrest Christians, and even went so far as to have James put to death with the sword. The tragedy has begun in full force, and yet the comedy is not far behind. Soon Peter is brought into the tragedy also, but then God demonstrates his sense of humor and we see comedy take over in the midst of the tragic. Even before we get to Peter and the comedy of his prison escape, we have the brief note in verse 2 about James being killed with the sword. This means that he was beheaded. There is nothing funny about that, and yet it is funny that this would be the full record of the death of one of the key characters in the life of Christ. James, John his brother and Peter play major roles in the Gospels. They were the 3 who had the most intimate relationship with Jesus. They were the inner circle. Now James becomes the first Apostle to be martyred, and it is all summed up in 6 words- “put to death with the sword.” That is the smallest obituary in the Bible for one of the most important persons in the Bible. What makes this brevity so laughable is that one of the longest chapters in the Bible, chapter 7 of Acts, is devoted to the
  • 2. speech and martyrdom of Stephen who was a layman. This radical contrast in the space devoted to the death of these two men of God has provoked some amazement in the minds of commentators. It is like having a full page obituary for a deacon in the church, and a one liner for the pastor of 30 years who built the church up from 60 members to 6000 members. People in the church would think that very odd, strange, and unfair. They would think it was some kind of a joke-the kind that is not funny. The fact is, life is not fair for believers any more than it is for unbelievers. Another paradox of history is that those who are given great tasks to accomplish are often taken out of the picture before it is half painted. James along with the rest of the Apostles was given the challenge to go into all the world and preach the Gospel. Some of them made it a long way toward fulfilling this command of Jesus, but James never made it out of town. He is killed in Jerusalem before he ever had a chance to travel anywhere with the good news. Unless you have the perspective of a sense of humor about God’s plan in history and beyond you will be depressed about what seems such a waste. Many a man and woman has spent years in training to be pastor’s and missionaries, or some other worker in the kingdom of God, and then before they enter active service they are killed in an accident or die of some disease. It is pure tragedy from an earthly point of view. It is all wasted effort and we want to join the pessimist in Ecclesiastes and moan, “vanity of vanities, all is vanity.” This is the time to have the perspective of Jesus. He said we are not to fear those who can kill the body and that is all they can do. That sounds like a lot, but the loss of the body does not end the life of a believer. Nothing they have learned is wasted, for God has work for us to do in the heavenly realm, and all we have learned in this life will be useful in that life. James was robbed of the chance to go into all the world, but nothing could rob him of the tasks Jesus will have for him to do in heaven. We need to see tragic history with a sense of humor so that the terrible deeds of tyrants like Herod do not turn us into pessimists. With a God-like sense of humor we can laugh at their puny power to take away our body, but have no ability at all to take away our eternity of service to our Lord. When Jesus rose and then ascended to heaven he continued to labor as our intercessor, and he has a job for all who enter his heavenly presence. (See my study on jobs in heaven in my book Windows Into Heaven.) Commentators point out that there was no attempt to replace James with another Apostle, as they did with Judas. That is because the 12 will always be the 12 for all eternity and the promise to them will be fulfilled. We read in Matthew 19:28 “And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.” James will be there, and so we can look at horrible Herod and laugh at his futile efforts to put an end to the plan of God. If you can find a reason to laugh in every tragic situation, your sense of humor will give you hope and prevent depression. That reason is always the sovereignty of God who will never let evil succeed, but will always bring good out of evil. Many times we can see the good in time, but when we do not, we need to trust that God always laughs at the powers that defy him, because he has a plan that makes their plan backfire and eventually
  • 3. serve his purpose. Laugh at the things God laughs at and you will find comedy even in the midst of the tragic. The comedy in this chapter becomes full blown and obvious when we come to the account of how Herod deals with the second Apostle of the inner three. Herod saw that the killing of James brought pleasure to the Jews. Here we have a sick sense of humor illustrated. An innocent man who has done nothing wrong has his head cut off and they laugh and get enjoyment out of this cruel murder. This sadistic response motivates Herod to go on with more injustice, and so he arrests Peter. No doubt the goal was to add another scalp to his belt and take Peter’s head off as well. It was a little too early in the game for God to allow two heads to fall from the chosen 12 and so he intervenes in history and sends an angel of the Lord to rescue Peter. After all, he was to be the head of the 12, and so losing his head did not fit the plan at all. The result is that comedy takes over and pushes the tragedy off the stage. 2He had James, the brother of John, put to death with the sword. 3When he saw that this pleased the Jews, he proceeded to seize Peter also. This happened during the Feast of Unleavened Bread. 4After arresting him, he put him in prison, handing him over to be guarded by four squads of four soldiers each. Herod intended to bring him out for public trial after the Passover. This seems like excessive security on the part of Herod. One could call it overkill to have four squads of four soldiers to guard one man. It would make sense if all of the rest of the 11 Apostles were arrested to have such a force, but to assign 16 soldiers to guard one man is beyond reason. But we need to remember that back in chapter 5
  • 4. all of the Apostles were in prison cells and they walked out free without ever leaving a door unlocked. This made a lasting impression on the authorities and they were not going to take any chances of a repeat performance. They may have a Houdini on their hands, and so they need to take special precautions to make sure this can never happen. This excessive security makes the escape all the more humorous, because it sets up the stage for the man versus God engagement. It is man using the best of his resources against God who should have no reason to be involved in a prison escape, that is, according to their view of what ought to be. The dramedy opens in verse 6 with Peter sound asleep. A dramedy is a combination of drama and comedy. Wait a minute! This is not right. Peter has just seen one of his closest friends and fellow Apostles have his head removed by wicked Herod, and he is next, and you expect us to believe he is lying in prison getting a good nights sleep? On top of the abysmal accommodations he was chained to two soldiers. I have never slept with two total strangers with chains tying me to them, but I have a sneaking suspicion that it would lack the comfort that I usually demand for a good nights sleep. This is ridiculous. He should be pictured walking back and forth in nervous fear, and having one of the most sleepless nights of his life. His head is almost on the chopping block, and you expect us to believer he has his head on a pillow sleeping like a baby just hours before his trial is to begin? Dr. Luke, you must be kidding! This is not normal behavior. But the record stands, and Peter is getting a good nights rest before he goes to his, so called, final rest. Some people just have the ability to sleep anywhere and under any circumstances, and Peter is among them. He along with James and John even went to sleep when they were to be watching with Jesus as he prayed in the Garden of Gethsemane. To add to the humor of the situation, the angel who came to deliver him had to poke him in the side to get him to wake up. You would think that just the light that shown in the cell would have wakened him, but not so. He goes on sleeping with a bright light in his face. The angel strikes him and tells him to get up. There is no need to whisper for there has to be racket galore as the chains fall off Peter and crash on the floor. Obviously part of the miracle here is keeping the guards in a deep sleep so that they hear nothing. So we see it took a light, a poke, and a shout to get through to Peter’s sleepy brain. He was not just lightly sleeping but into deep sleep. He had not a care in the world as he faced what was certain death. The first part of the miracle was just getting Peter to wake up. Maybe you know someone like Peter. I have a son who could sleep through a bomb attack like Rip Van Winkle. I tried to wake him one time and did all but push him out of the bed and onto the floor, but he went on in blissful oblivion that there was any danger for which he should be awake. Peter may be the only man in history who needed an angel’s poke in the side to get him to wake up. Most people are not such sound sleepers that they need angelic aid to wake up when they are so near to dying. Jesus called Peter the rock, so it could be he knew Peter slept like a rock. We know he saw Peter sink like a rock when he stepped out of the boat to walk on water. He definitely had some rock like qualities I did read of a college student coming back to the dorm and finding his classmate
  • 5. still asleep. He poked him and said, “Hey, Alex, you have missed your morning classes. Do you have any others?” Alex opened one eye and yawned as he rolled over to go back to sleep. He said, “No, I’m done for the day.” This is the kind of carefree attitude we see in Peter as he sleeps so soundly with a violent death just hours away. The student may have been lazy, but Peter could have this attitude because he knew the Jesus who had conquered death, and he was assured that if he died it was going to be a happy reunion with his Lord. But apart from his faith, he was just one of those who was really good at sleeping. Had there been a sleeping contest he would have been in the finals for sure. With a little imagination you can just see Peter in a daze as he tries to hurry and get dressed. He may have put his sandals on the wrong feet and gotten his clothes on backwards as he stumbled out of the cell to follow this glorious stranger who woke him in the night. It was no doubt comedic if we could have watched it all on a video, for Peter was in shock and still not fully awake as he sought to follow the orders of this strange visitor. I am sure visiting hours were over, and this whole scene was not following the rules set down by the prison authorities. Leaving the prison in the middle of the night was frowned on, I am sure. Peter knew he was breaking the rules, but when God is obviously staging a prison break, you don't ask questions, but just follow orders no matter how sleepy you are. It is a good thing Peter became an Apostle and not a criminal. With his tendency to go to sleep he could have ended up as one of the dumbest criminals. It was reported as a true story that a burglar in Nashville got into a home and began to collect things to steal. He found some chicken in the refrigerator along with some cranberry juice and decided to consume them. He tried out the big king size bed to see how it felt and before he realized it he fell asleep. He was there when the women of the house came home and she called the police. They had to waken him at gunpoint and take him to jail. The arresting officer remarked that he must have had a rough day. Such is the danger of being a sound sleeper who can fall asleep anytime. At least Peter is going the right direction, for he is being wakened to leave jail and not being wakened to be taken to jail. In verse 8 the angel begins to give instructions to sleepy head, who would soon be no head if he does not listen and obey. He tells him to put on his clothes and sandals. It is funny to see how miracles work. The angel could make the chains fall off his wrists with no problem, but he has to ask for Peter to cooperate and put on his clothes. Miracles are different than magic. With magic you just point your finger or wiggle your nose and the clothes are automatically on him. This type of thing is not the way God works. God does not do magic. His miracles do not eliminate the cooperation needed by man. A miracle is God doing what man cannot do, but God will not do by miracle what man can do by his own power. You can set on your bed and pray all day long for God to put your shoes on, but at the end of the day you will still be barefoot. God does not do for you what you are capable of doing for yourself. Peter could not get the chains off, and he could not get the cell open, but he could put on his clothes, and so the angel cannot move on to the next step until Peter does his part. God expects us all to do our part before any miracle can become real
  • 6. and complete. Verse 9 shows Peter cooperating completely and following the angel out of the prison. He was awake, but still thought he was sleeping and just seeing a vision. It was all so strange and unreal to him. He never dreamed that this was not a dream, and that it was really happening. We cannot imagine how strange Peter felt as this miracle scene progressed. He just walked past the guards and the iron gate opened for them and he was soon out on the street a free man. Then the angel suddenly left him just as suddenly as he came. Again, we see the angel doing only what supernatural power can do. Once that was achieved he was gone and Peter was on his own to do what a man can do, which I would assume was that he took off running. Verse 11 says he came to himself and woke up completely. It was all like a dream as he followed the angel, but now he is in touch with the natural reality of where he was and he realizes God has set him free from the clutches of Herod. He reflects on the situation and knows that great crowds are soon waking up anticipating the thrill of seeing another head roll, but God has changed their plans. He does not feel bad for spoiling the fun of so many people, but rejoices that God has chosen to keep his head in service He has been the object of God’s special providence, and this means God wants him alive and well to achieve His purpose in time. The Apostle slept, a light shone in the prison, An angel touched his side/ Arise, he said; and quickly he hath risen His fettered arms untied. The watchers saw no light at midnight gleaming, They heard no sound of feet; The gates fly open, and the saint, still dreaming, Stands free upon the street. J. D. Burnes 5So Peter was kept in prison, but the church was earnestly praying to God for him. 6The night before Herod was to bring him to trial, Peter was sleeping between two soldiers,
  • 7. bound with two chains, and sentries stood guard at the entrance. 7Suddenly an angel of the Lord appeared and a light shone in the cell. He struck Peter on the side and woke him up. "Quick, get up!" he said, and the chains fell off Peter's wrists. 8Then the angel said to him, "Put on your clothes and sandals." And Peter did so. "Wrap your cloak around you and follow me," the angel told him. 9Peter followed him out of the prison, but he had no idea that what the angel was doing was really happening; he thought he was seeing a vision. 10They passed the first and second guards and came to the iron gate leading to the city. It opened for them by itself, and they went through it. When they had walked the length of one street, suddenly the angel left him.
  • 8. 11Then Peter came to himself and said, "Now I know without a doubt that the Lord sent his angel and rescued me from Herod's clutches and from everything the Jewish people were anticipating." 12When this had dawned on him, he went to the house of Mary the mother of John, also called Mark, where many people had gathered and were praying. Another light came on for Peter and he realized that he had to share the good news of his escape, plus make sure he was not captured again. He knew that his friends at the home of Mary, the mother of John, were having an all night prayer meeting on his behalf. What a thrill to be able to show up and show them that their prayers have been answered in such a miraculous way. Peter was anticipating a welcome like none he ever had before. But unfortunately the angel had left him and he had to get through doors on his own now. The miracle time was over and now all had to be done by natural means. So Peter comes to the outer door and begins to knock. Nobody heard it but the servant girl Rhoda. They were all praying and Peter may have knocked quite softly not wanting to arouse any neighbors. Whatever reason only Rhoda heard the knock. Had they all heard it they would be flying to the door as a group anticipating some news about Peter. But only Rhoda came and she gives us act 2 of this comedy. Being somewhat more emotional than your average flake, she was so happy to hear that it was Peter at the door that she forgot to let him in. All she could think of was how happy everyone will be to hear that Peter is back and no longer in prison. Such good news she wanted to share immediately, and so she took off like a shot to let the others know that it was Peter at the door. Someone suggested that if a movie had been made of this chapter, Rhoda would be played by the late Lucille Ball, who like Rhoda was over excitable. Here we see the humor of emotion taking over and leaving common sense behind. It would seem that Rhoda has something of a reputation for youthful silliness, for
  • 9. the response she got was, “You must be out of your mind.” Now the whole body of believes are in comedy mode. The debate begins with Rhoda. They assure her that she is hallucinating and she argues that she knows what she heard and it was really Peter. They cannot swallow that, but come up with a theory that it could be Peter’s angel. Meanwhile, Peter is banging on the door trying to get in. He just escaped from prison bars and an iron gate, but he cannot get through this silly door. His prison escape was the easy part of the night. His hardest battle was getting into the Christian prayer meeting. For all he knows the soldiers are on his trail and will soon have him back in their grips, but he cannot get out of sight because of the debate going on in the house. Is it really Peter out there or is there some other answer to this mystery of a voice that sounds just like Peter? There is a lot of humor in the things that Christian debate while they ignore practical issues that demand action right now. Finally some genius in their midst said lets go see for ourselves. When they opened the door they were amazed that it really was Peter. Rhoda could finally say, “I told you I was right!” Peter urged them to be quiet. He had made enough noise in his banging on the door, and he did not want any more attention drawn to him by their loud rejoicing. As he rubbed his bruised knucles from banging on the door, he told them the awesome story of his deliverance and urged them to spread the word to the other Apostles and leaders. He then took off to another place, hoping that he could get in with more speed, and with a door keeper with less emotion and more common sense. You can just imagine, however, that after he left, the group of Christians would have a great laugh at his miraculous escape. They would be chuckling for days as they talked about how God outwitted Herod. Gail Sanders wrote, "The fact that Luke gives her name here tells me this story of her running off so excited without actually opening the door was probably told over and over, perhaps as a humorous anecdote in the church." There is no doubt that Dr. Luke had a sense of humor, for he gives us so much to laugh about in Acts. Peter did not express any criticism of Rhoda's behavior because he was a man of emotional impulses just like her. He was the one who whipped out his sword and cut off the ear of Malcus. It was an emotional impulse that was crazy and out of line with the will of Christ. He could have gotten them all killed on the spot. He was the one who leaped out of the boat when Jesus came walking on the water, and would have drowned had Jesus not rescued him. He was the one who on impulse denied that he even knew Jesus. He was the one who left all of the others to haul a heavy load of fish to shore while he leaped into the water and swam to shore to see Jesus. Josh Tinley considers this one of the most humorous texts in the Bible. He writes, "When Simon Peter heard that it was the Lord, he put on some clothes, because he was naked, and jumped into the sea." (John 21:7) Peter may not have been literally naked; he may have been wearing a loincloth or a “loose-fitting work smock.”2 “Put on some clothes” might be translated “belted his outer garment.” So it’s possible that Peter was just wearing an open robe and that he simply tied the belt on his robe before jumping into the Sea of Tiberius. Still, the most common English translations suggest that Peter was fishing in the nude (funny) and got dressed to swim to the
  • 10. shore (also funny). Hollywood has earned millions of laughs from people jumping into water fully clothed. Nudity is always funny, even if it involves the “rock” upon whom Jesus built his church. Regardless of whether Peter was tightening his belt or haphazardly covering his birthday suit, he jumped overboard and swam to the shore because he was giddy. He was giddy because the risen Christ was standing on the beach cooking breakfast. We should all be giddy about Peter’s giddy-ness." The point is, Rhoda was giddy at hearing Peter's voice, and her reaction was a lot like that of Peter when he was excited about hearing the voice of the Lord on shore. Then in verses 18 and 19 the comedy continues but with tragedy taking front stage again, as we see the folly and cruelty of Herod. It is funny to imagine how Herod and his soldiers were going crazy trying to find Peter. They were totally mystified and they searched every corner of the prison. There was no storage area or closet or cell that was not gone over with a fine tooth comb. All was checked and double checked, and we can just picture the frustration of Herod. It was like the old story of trying to find a black cat in a dark room, which is not there. Peter is long gone, and we see them frantically searching for him. We know it is folly and that their efforts are vain, but they do not know, and so we laugh at their futility. But then Herod’s anger took over and when the guards could not come up with a reasonable explanation he had them executed. Leave it to Herod to throw a wet blanket on the fire of humor and turn it into a cold and heartless tragedy. That is what happens all the time with people who have no sense of humor. 13Peter knocked at the outer entrance, and a servant girl named Rhoda came to answer the door. 14When she recognized Peter's voice, she was so overjoyed she ran back without opening it and exclaimed, "Peter is at the door!" 15"You're out of your mind," they told her. When she kept insisting that it was so, they said, "It must be his angel."
  • 11. 16But Peter kept on knocking, and when they opened the door and saw him, they were astonished. 17Peter motioned with his hand for them to be quiet and described how the Lord had brought him out of prison. "Tell James and the brothers about this," he said, and then he left for another place. 18In the morning, there was no small commotion among the soldiers as to what had become of Peter. 19After Herod had a thorough search made for him and did not find him, he cross-examined the guards and ordered that they be executed. Herod's Death Then Herod went from Judea to Caesarea and stayed there a while.
  • 12. 20He had been quarreling with the people of Tyre and Sidon; they now joined together and sought an audience with him. Having secured the support of Blastus, a trusted personal servant of the king, they asked for peace, because they depended on the king's country for their food supply. 21On the appointed day Herod, wearing his royal robes, sat on his throne and delivered a public address to the people. 22They shouted, "This is the voice of a god, not of a man." 23Immediately, because Herod did not give praise to God, an angel of the Lord struck him down, and he was eaten by worms and died. Herod was feeling like a god as he sat high and mighty on his throne robed in royal garments. The people cheered him as a god and in pride he welcomes the idolatry of his being. It was the final straw that tested the patience of God, and the angel of the Lord struck him down, and he died a horrible death. He was acting like a complete fool by letting it go to his head that he was so powerful. Men had exalted him to the
  • 13. heights, and so it was time for God to lower him to the depths. Pride goes before a fall, and nowhere is this seen more clearly than in the death of Herod. This roller coaster chapter of alternating tragedy and comedy comes to a conclusion with a mixture of both. It is comedic that any man could seriously entertain the notion that he is a god, but Herod is lapping up the praise like a hog at feeding time. He is so enamored with himself in all his beauty. It is the comedy of the clown pretending to be sophisticated. Such comedy is not funny to God, and so he makes the death of Herod a picture of horror and ugliness with his worm eaten body exposed to those who praised him as a god. Worm eaten gods have a very short shelf life, and this so called god of Herod was crossed out of the script of time, experiencing a level of cruelty he so often imposed on others. A fitting end to one so unfit to be a ruler of men. Because God has a sense of humor we see a man who treated others like worms going out of this life as a worm infested corpse. It is hard not to be happy that Herod is gone. He would likely have gone on persecuting the Christians, and especially the Apostles, and so the rest of them escaped from his cruelty by the judgment of God upon him. His death relieved them of a lot of anxiety. The paradox is that bad things are also good things. It was bad for Herod to die with such a disgusting malady, but what a blessing to those who would soon come under his wrath. Their were people in grief for they lost their positions of power by relating to Herod. On the other hand were people in celebration for they were relieved of the pressure of dealing with his tyranny. Good and bad are often in the same setting, and the same thing can mean opposite things to different people. It is the paradox of life, and it is a funny thing because it is true that people can be crying or laughing at the same event. What everything means depends on your perspective. Good and evil are relative to your perspective. Was Herod’s death a tragedy or a blessing? You cannot escape the fact that it was both, because it is seen from two different perspectives. It is just like any sporting event. There are two sides, and so every win is both a cause for grief and a cause for celebration, for one wins and the other loses. If your team wins you say it was a good game, but the opponent says it was a rotten game. You don’t have to decide which it was, for it was both. Almost every event in life can be seen from more than one perspective, and that is why comedy and tragedy are so closely linked, for often they are the very same event or series of events. For the Christians this was good news, for without Herod blocking the way the word of God continued to increase and spread. Comedy won out over tragedy Again, God has the last laugh, and his people no doubt had great pleasure in reading the obituaries in the Jerusalem Gazett telling of Herod's death. Have you ever gotten a thrill of joy when you see a cruel wicked person shot by the good guy in a movie. He has gotten by with so much evil, but justice wins in the end as he is brought down by a righteous fighter for justice. There is humor in negative settings when the negative is the judgment of God on evil personalities like Herod. The humor of God is seen in history all the time when proud men reap the reward of their abuse of power by being rendered powerless. Herod got his kicks out of killing James, and was planning to add to his joy by killing Peter. Instead, God had a funeral planned, and he did not want Herod to miss it since he was the guest of
  • 14. honor. He died in humiliation just when people were proclaiming him to be a god. He had just reached the pinnacle of his career at age 54, and was considered godlike, and then those lousy worms brought him to the grave. When your god can be defeated by worms, it is time to reevaluate your theology, but all people ever learn from history is that people never learn from history, and so they go on idolizing people in power who lack the ability to defeat the power of worms. This is a laughable characteristic of human nature, and it is funny to read about all the people and things that are worshiped as gods by people who refuse to acknowledge the reality of the God of Scripture. 24But the word of God continued to increase and spread. 25When Barnabas and Saul had finished their mission, they returned from[a] Jerusalem, taking with them John, also called Mark.