What is Energy

1. Module 1  Unit 2  Lesson 1
Integrated Science
BEGINBEGIN

2. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
OVERVIEW
• The athlete shown on the cover slide is obviously
using a lot of energy to participate well in her
sport.
Does the plant or fire also use energy? If so, what is
their energy source?
What is energy, really?
Does energy affect us or things around us?
• In this slide presentation, you will examine various
concepts related to energy – its types, forms and
sources.
• You can click on the Menu on the RIGHT of each
slide to access various subtopics.
2

3. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
OBJECTIVES
Having completed this slide presentation, you
should be able to:
1.define energy.
2.compare potential and kinetic energy.
3.give examples of at least six forms of energy,
including that found in food.
4.cite at least three examples of changes brought
about by energy
5.state the Law of Conservation of energy.
6.work amicably together and share ideas.

4. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
WHAT IS ENERGY?
Scroll through the photos; read their titles at >
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Energy/Selected_picture
When you see those energy-related photos, you would
have to agree that “without energy, life would be a
nightmare”, wouldn’t you? So, what happens when we
don’t have access to energy, e.g., when there’s a
‘power outage’ and we have no electricity? Or, when
we say we’re tired and ‘have no energy’? What things
would be affected if there were no energy?
Help your teacher to make a list or type your response in
the box below.
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5. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
WHAT IS ENERGY?
From your lists, we can agree that energy is a
‘simply fantastic thing’! What is energy? In Slide
Show View, type your definition in the box below.
Then compare it with that of other group
members.
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People have various definitions of energy, with some of which
you are probably already familiar. The definition of energy in
the CXC/CSEC Integrated Science syllabus states:
“Energy is an ability to produce a change.”
We’ll use the above definition in this lesson. Does your definition
suggest the same thing as the above definition?
Say why/why not. If necessary, correct your definition!CHECKCHECK

6. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
ENERGY SOURCES
• We can’t actually see energy, can we? Nor feel
it, nor hold it? But…. we can observe evidence of
energy…. like when we see athletes running, or
lightening, or a fire burning.
• We can also observe what energy can do or
change and we know when energy is being
used by someone or something!
• Who or what uses energy? And, where does the
energy used come from, i.e. the source/s.
• NOTE: An energy source is a system (e.g. a dry
cell/battery, a hydro-electric station, a green
plant) which ‘makes’ energy in a specific way,
e.g., by converting it from one form to another.
6

7. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
ENERGY SOURCES
1. Make a table that lists at least five ‘Energy
Users’ at left & their ‘Energy Source/s” (right) or
type your response below. You must be in ‘Slide
Show’ view to write or delete text!
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Idea from > http://www.learner.org/workshops/energy/workshop1/
CHECK
2. Click the CHECK button for feedback.

8. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
ENERGY SOURCES
8
cont’d
Idea from >
http://www.learner.org/workshops/energy/workshop1/
Energy User Energy Source/s
motor car/truck/bus gasoline
television playing electricity from mains
people food they eat
football moving footballer who kicked it
a fire burning wood, coal, paper etc.
bicycle moving person pedaling it
plant growing sunlight & food it makes
flashlight turned on battery inside it
computer/cell phone in use battery/ mains electricity
solar light/water heater sunlight
FeedbackFeedback

9. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
TYPES AND FORMS OF ENERGY
From the various lists, you’ll notice that energy
comes from many sources. But energy also comes
in many forms, e.g., as light from the sun, or a
flashlight/or television; sound from the TV; or
electricity from a battery or the mains, etc.
We use the phrase ‘types’ of energy to show the
two general categories into which we can group
the various forms of energy.
1.Listen to this song on the website found at:
http://www.watchknowlearn.org/Video.aspx?VideoID=29751&CategoryID=245
2.Read/ do the animation on pages 1 & 2 at:
http://www.energyeducation.tx.gov/energy/section_1/topics/potential_and_k
9

10. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
TYPES AND FORMS OF ENERGY
3. From the song, what are the types of energy?
10
http://www.enwin.com/kids/electricity/types_of_energy.cf
m
Types are: Kinetic and
Potential energy.
CHECKCHECK

11. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
TYPES AND FORMS OF ENERGY
11 http://www.enwin.com/kids/electricity/types_of_energy.cf
m
Kinetic Potential
rolling down, in
motion, stretch and
release a rubber
band, heat from
gasoline burning.
sitting high up,
waiting, stored up,
stretch and hold it,
gasoline stored
4. What words in the song tell the differences
between the two types of energy?
Potential
Kinetic
CHECKCHECK

12. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
TYPES, FORMS AND SOURCES OF
ENERGY
• Examine the chart on the next slide to identify
some forms & sources of energy and the type of
energy to which each form belongs.
• Read
http://www.eia.gov/kids/energy.cfm?page=about_forms_of_energy
Potential
Kinetic

13. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
TYPES, FORMS AND SOURCES OF
ENERGY
http://www.greenearthproject.com/Forms.html
6. Examine the chart on the next slide to
identify some forms & sources of energy
and the type of energy to which each form
belongs.

14. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
STATES OF MATTER – PARTICULATE
PROPERTY
Earlier we defined energy as having the ability to
produce change. This change can occur in all kinds of
matter. At room temperature and pressure, matter exists
in various physical states. Below are three states of water.
Click on each state for additional information.
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SolidSolid
LiquidLiquid
Image - Margerie Glacier , Alaska, USA.; © Vilma Mc Clenan 2013
GasGas
Particles are in a
fixed arrangement
and touch each
other as they
vibrate.
Particles are
randomly arranged
and touch each
other as they move.
Particles move
quickly in all
directions and rarely
touch each other.

15. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
STATES OF MATTER – PARTICULATE
PROPERTY
• Do the simulation at this url to note the particles >
http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_whalley_sf1_1/int/matter.html
• The differences between solids, liquids and gases arise
from the arrangement and behaviour of the particles
they are made of.
• Look at how the particles in each of those three state
are arranged. Click >
http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/statesofmatter/
(States of Matter)
• In the video, Dick mentioned that matter does not
always remain in one state – any state can change
when we change the temperature.
15

16. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
CHANGES IN MATTER
When a state of matter gains (increases) or loses
(decreases) energy, it changes.
16
Look at what happens
to particles with a
change in heat
energy, at >
http://www.media.pearson.com.au/schools/cw/au_sch_wh
Modified from >
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/materials/changing_states/read/2/ and >
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/455270/phase
MeltsMelts EvaporatesEvaporates
FreezesFreezes CondensesCondenses

17. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
CHANGES IN MATTER CAUSED BY
ENERGY CHANGES
Those changes you saw are physical changes. But,
energy can also cause chemical changes. Watch
the two types of changes that different forms of
energy can cause to paper at >
http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=40108
Also, watch, read and listen to these videos >
•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yjEDihEuZI
•http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcunQqbNEMQ
Note carefully the differences between physical
and chemical changes in matter.
17

18. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
CHANGES IN MATTER CAUSED BY
ENERGY CHANGES
18
1. Observe the demonstration , similar to this. Check
your SIM.
Copper carbonate (a green, powdery solid) is heated.

19. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
CHANGES IN MATTER CAUSED BY
ENERGY CHANGES
19
A black solid (copper oxide)
forms & a colourless gas (CO2) is
evolved.
3. Which kind of
change is this?
Justify your answer.
Copper carbonate (a green, powdery
solid) is heated.
2. Describe the results.
Type your response in
the box below.
CHECKCHECK
This was a chemical
change as two new
substances formed which
are different from the
original substance both in
colour and components.
Energy can also cause a
change in chemical
composition!CHECKCHECK

20. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF
MASS
• The various changes you’ve observed in actual
demonstrations or virtually via video, are in
keeping with certain scientific laws.
• In science, we use laws to explain sets of
observations. The results we saw conform to a
law that explains our observations about matter
or mass – The Law of Conservation of Matter.
20
The Law of Conservation of Matter
states:
Matter cannot be created anew or destroyed,
but can undergo changes in form i.e.
transformation. Mass remains the same at the
end of a reaction as at the start.

21. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
THE LAW OF CONSERVATION OF
MASS
1. Watch the video “Law of Conservation of
Mass” at
http://www.neok12.com/video/Law-of-Conservation/zX567d4e457d737d7
2. Watch the video demonstrations at the
websites below in which we can observe if
there is any change in the mass of the reacting
material and the mass of the new materials or
products formed after the chemical reaction.
Check the following >
1. http://www.neok12.com/video/Law-of-Conservation/zX780d5e7806764057657b4
2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZlh89iL4jI
3. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=774TbEUUM-A
3. NOTE: Your teacher might have these or other
demonstrations set up for you to try and to observe!
21

22. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
SUMMARY
• Energy is the ability to cause/produce a change.
• Energy forms are one or other type – i.e. kinetic or
potential. Potential energy comes in forms that are
stored and can do work later.
• Kinetic energy is in forms that are doing work.
• Energy can change/be converted from one form to
another, but can not be created anew, lost or
destroyed.
• Energy causes matter to change in various ways e.g. a
change from one state to another; a change in
chemical composition (burning a candle or metal
rusting) which happens during a chemical change; a
change in temperature or a change in motion; a
change in physical properties, e.g., size, shape, colour,
etc.
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23. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
TEST YOURSELF
• Are you ready to test yourself?
• There are two REVIEW QUESTIONS and five
SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS that you are
required to do. For each question, type the
answer in the box provided and then click
CHECK for the correct response.
• Click ‘BEGIN QUIZ’ to start the Review and Quiz
section.
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BEGIN QUIZ!BEGIN QUIZ!

24. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
REVIEW QUESTION 1
24
1a. Name the type of energy shown by group 1 and group 2.
1b. Explain their difference.
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1 = Potential and 2 = Kinetic
Potential energy is stored energy, or the energy that an
object has because of its position. It is energy that has the
potential to cause change. Kinetic energy is the energy an
object possesses as a result of its motion.
11
CHECKCHECK
Group 1Group 1 Group 2Group 2
NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

25. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
REVIEW QUESTION 2 – ENERGY
CHANGES
2. Look at pictures A, B and C. In the box below, type
the energy changes or conversions you infer are
taking place or will take place in each activity.
25
CBA
Answers should include:
A = stored chemical energy of food to mechanical.
B = gravitational potential to kinetic;
C = chemical energy in gasoline to kinetic, sound and heat
CHECKCHECK
NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

26. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
REVIEW QUESTION 3
Complete the flow diagram below to show change of
state of matter from a solid right through to a gas.
Indicate the various processes occurring as a result of
addition/subtraction of heat energy. Type your response
in the box above/below the arrow.
26
NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION
SOLID LIQUID GAS
Red arrows show increase in heat energy; blue show decrease.
SOLID LIQUID GAS
melting evaporating
condensingfreezing
CHECK

27. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS
What type of energy conversion/s occur in each of the
following? Type your answer in the box provided.
27
Starting a car engine
Changes chemical energy
in gasoline to mechanical.
Lighting a gas stove
Chemical energy in
propane gas to heat and
light.
Switching on a generator
Changes mechanical
energy to electricity.
CHECK
CHECK
CHECK
NEXT QUESTIONNEXT QUESTION

28. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS
What type of energy conversion/s occur in each of the
following?
28
Clicking this computer’s
keyboard to answer these
questions
Stored chemical energy in
muscle cells changed to
mechanical then to
electrical in the computer
Rubbing the palms of your
hands together.
Chemical energy converted
to mechanical and also
heat energy.
CHECK
CHECK

29. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
END OF ACTIVITY
• You have reached the end of this slide set.
• If you wish to review any concepts in this lesson,
go to the first slide and click on the topic in the
Menu at RIGHT.
• If you have finished viewing this slide set, click the
Close (X) button.
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30. OBJECTIVES
What is energy?
Energy sources
Matter and
Change
REVIEW & QUIZ
OVERVIEW
Law of
Conservation of
Mass
Types & Forms of
Energy
CREDITS
• http://www.poptower.com/shelly-ann-fraser-pryce-picture-100624.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lightning_in_Arlington.jpg
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Large_bonfire.jpg
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Football_iu_1996.jpg
• electricity/types_of_energy.cfm
• © 2013 Daphnie Morrison
• http://www.greenearthproject.com/Forms.html
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks2/science/materials/changing_states
/read/2/ and >
ttp://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/455270/phase
• http://www.aplusphysics.com/courses/regents/WEP/images/EnergyDi
agram.png
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Football_iu_1996.jpg
• http://www.fruitacresfarms.com/u-pickpeach.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Motorbike_rider_mono.jpg
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