The document summarizes key aspects of British political institutions, including its unwritten constitution based on statutes and documents. It describes the legislature as Parliament, consisting of the House of Commons and House of Lords. It provides details on their members and roles. The executive is led by the Prime Minister and cabinet. It also discusses the British judiciary system, elections, and major political parties like the Conservatives and Labour.

1. Group 8
1. Nguyễn Thị Hoa - General of Parliament
2. Nguyễn Thị Tuyết Trinh - Legislature
3. Nguyễn Thị Thủy - Executive
4. Trịnh Thị Trâm - Judiciary
5. Nguyễn Thị Thúy - Elections & Parties

2. Topic : British Institutions

5.  Main characteristic:
unwritten constitution
 Based on: statutes and
important documents
 2 main principles:
nobody can declare the
activities of Parliament
and Parliament can in
theory do whatever it
wishes.

11. Legislature
House of Parliament
(Palace of Westminster)
 Parliament have 3 separate
elements : The Sovereign,
House of Commons, House
of Lords.
 Nowadays, the Queen’s role
is now on formal and the
House of Commons has
gained supremacy over the
House of Lords.

12. House of Commons
House of Commons Chambers
 There are 650 members
called MPs
 They are elected by the
British people
 Each MPs has 1
legislative period – 5
years.

13. House of Lords
House of Lords Chambers
 There are about 760
members called Peers
 They are archbishops,
bishops and hereditary
who inherit their seats
from their father
 People with different
experiences – don’t have
certain period

14. Comparison
House of Commons House of Lords
 House of Commons is
mainly legislature, is the
highest power
 The main functions are :
-Through legislation,
guidelines and policies on
the economy – social.
- Responsible for activities
of internal and external
- Monitoring the activities
of government
 The role of house of Lord is
limited, just can only delay a
Bill from becoming law for a
maximum of 12 months.
 Lord president can appoint
judges and also is Supreme
Court chief justice
 In practice , they only play a
complementary role, advising
the House of commons and
non-opposition.

15. Speaker of house commons
John Bercow
(June 2009)
 Responsible:
- The Speaker is the chief
officer and highest authority of
House of Commons and must
remain politically impartial all
times.
- Also represents the
Commons to the monarch, the
Lords and other authorities
and chairs the House of
commons commission

16. The Lord Speaker
Baroness D'Souza
 Responsible : chair any
debate , giving advice, must
be responsible for security of
Lord, speaking in special
occasion
 Baroness D'Souza is the
second Lord Speaker elected
on 1 September 2011 by Lords
members.

17. THE EXECUTIVE
• Executive body: Prime Minister , Cabinet & Privy
Council
• Dealing with regularnational and international affair
• Making decisions of new policies
• Supervising departments of the government

18. The Prime Minister
• The current PM: David
Cameron (1966)
 .Title: The Right Honourable
• On 11 May 2010 ( at 39)
• Appointed by: HM Queen
Elizabeth II
• Office: 10 Dowing London street
• Tenure: depend on Queen’
decision
• Leader of the conservative party
• Salary: £ 142,200 annual
• Upon etiement, Most PM are
awarded a peerage and a seat in
the House of Lord

19. Queen , Prime Minister & Cabinet
Ministers

20. Responsibility of the PM
 Appoints members of cabinet & ministers
 Call ministers for regular meetings to discuss policies
 Oversees the operation of the civil service & Government
agencies
 Be responsible for failure when one policy is carried out
 Weekly appears before the House of commons
answering questions
 Meet the Queen once a week to inform about political
and other issues

21. CABINET

22. CABINET
• Are selected from the
elected members of
House of Commons,
House of Lords and by
Prime Minister
• Includes: Ministers, Non-departmental
ministers

23. Functions of Cabinet
 It balances ministers’
individual duties with their
collective responsibility as
members of the Government
and take the final decisions on
all government policy
 Cabinet Committees include
those dealing with defense
and overseas policy, economy
policy, home and social affairs
, the environment and local
government

24. The Shadow cabinet
• The Shadow Cabinet is a
feature of theWestminster
system of government.
• Responsibility:pass
criticism on the current
government and its
respective legislation, as
well as offering alternative
policies

25. The Privy Council
•Consists of 450 members
•Functions: - advise the Monarch
-arrange for the formal
handling of documents
• The council constitutes of many
committees, each has a specific
task.

26. The British Judiciary

27. The legal system
CRIMINAL
CIVIL

28. Kind of courts
 Civil law
 Criminal law
Members of judiciary
- Magistrate
- Justice
- Court of appeal

29. ELECTIONS
General elections
• Are held at least every five years in the uk
• England has not national assembly
• A voter : must be a British citizen, a citizen of
another Commonwealth country on the Irish
Republic, aged 18 or over
• A candidate: Anyone over 21 who entitled to vote
(except for civil sevants, felons & bankrupts can
stand )

30. Ways to voting in an election
• Polling station
• By post
• By proxy

31. Polling station
open : 7 a.m - 10 p.m

32. By post
 Anyone aged over 18
 Incase you can’t get to a
polling station
 Don’t need provide a
reason
 Need fill in form
By proxy
 Anyone aged over 18
 Incase you fall ill re you
are abroad
 Need to provide a reason

33. Elections in Vietnam
 Vietnam has national
assembly
 Two way to vote :
- Polling station
- By proxy

34. British political parties

35. Conservatives party
 Was formed by Robert Pell
 Date back to the 18th century
 Mainly supported by wealthier
people
 Has lost its popularity since the
1980s

36. Labour party
 Was form by Jame Keir Harie
 Roots in the 19th century
 Supported by less wealthy group of society
 Achievement of well being and opportunity for all
members
 Public ownership of major industries
 Economic planning

37. In addition , the Green Party has begin to threaten left-of-
the centre Liberal Democrats as the nation’s third
party

38. Thank you for your
attention!