2. Security
United
International law
1945
Social progress
Nations
Preventing Wars
Human Rights
World Peace
International
Economic and
General Assembly
General Secretariat
Security Council
Assembly Court of Justice
Social Council
(192 members)
UNDP UNCTAD UNEP
UNHCR UNICEF
United Nations
Development Program
4. Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
The MDGs represent a global partnership
that has grown from the commitments
and targets established at the world
summits of the 1990s. Responding to the
world's main development challenges and
to the calls of civil society, the MDGs
promote poverty reduction, education,
maternal health, gender equality, and aim
at combating child mortality, AIDS and
other diseases.
13. The first seven goals are mutually reinforcing and are
directed at reducing poverty in all its forms. The last
goal - global partnership for development - is about the
means to achieve the first seven.
The MDGs are focused primarily on 3 things:
HEALTH, EDUCATION AND INCOME.
14. Universal Declaration
of Human Rights
MDG 2
Achieving Universal
Primary Education
UDHR’s Article 26 states
TARGET “Everyone has the right to
education. Education shall be
“Ensure that, by 2015,
free, at least in the
children everywhere, boys
elementary and fundamental
and girls alike, will be able to
stages. Elementary education
complete a full course of
shall be compulsory.”
primary schooling.”
15. key principles of a
Human Rights-Basedapproach
1. Providing for human FREEDOMS
Sen
2. Universalism and equality
3. Promoting WELL-BEING Chambers
EMPOWERING the vulnerable
4.
Friedmann
5. Sustainability
Christian
17. HDI Rankings 2008
High Medium Low
1. Iceland 76. Turkey 175. Mozambique
2. Norway 77. Dominica 176. Liberia
3. Canada 78. Lebanon 177. DR Congo
4. Australia 79. Peru 178. CAR
5. Ireland 80. Columbia 179. Sierra Leone
6. Netherlands
7. Sweden
8. Japan
9. Luxembourg
10. Switzerland
18. “The process through which individuals,
organizations and societies obtain,
strengthen and maintain the capabilities
to set and achieve their own development
objectives over time.”
UNDP Practice Note: Capacity Development
19. Step 1:
Engage
stakeholders
Step 2:
5 STEP
Step 5: Assess
Evaluate assets and
PROCESS
Capacity needs
Development
Process
Step 3:
Step 4:
Formulate a
Implement
response
20. Step 1:
Engage
stakeholders
STEP 1: ENGAGE
on capacity
development
Once support is
requested, UNDP will
engage national
stakeholders with the
attempt to ensure they
commit to the capacity
development agenda
and embed it into their
nations development
priorities.
21. Step 1:
Engage
STEP 2: ASSESS
stakeholders
on capacity
Working with
development
Step 2:
stakeholders to assess
Assess
what capacity already
capacity
exists locally.
assets and
Assessment looks at
Three questions: needs
what is already there,
“Capacity for why” how to retain it, what
can be improved upon,
“Capacity for whom”
all with the goal of
“Capacity for what” prioritizing the
improvements the
country wants to make.
22. Step 1:
Engage
stakeholders
STEP 3: RESPOND
on capacity
development
Step 2:
How might the country
Assess
respond to the issues
capacity
raised in the
assets and
assessment? What is
needs
going to be done.
Step 3:
Formulate a
response
23. Step 1:
Engage
stakeholders
STEP 4: IMPLEMENT
on capacity
development
Step 2: After a country has
Assess decided their needs and
capacity
what fits their needs,
assets and
UNDP supports them to
needs
implement their plan.
The country does this
themselves to ensure
sustainability.
Step 3:
Step 4:
Formulate a
Implement
response
24. Step 1:
Engage
stakeholders
STEP 5: EVALUATE
on capacity
development
Step 2: Did it help improve
Assess
systems that contribute
Step 5:
capacity
Evaluate to greater development
assets and
effectiveness?
needs
Did it meet the set
objectives?
Is it sustainable and
Step 3:
Step 4:
Formulate a manageable?
Implement
response
30. Results Based Management (RBM) in UNDP
• A strategic management approach aimed at ensuring
that activities achieve desired results
• Stresses results rather than inputs and activities
(outputs outcomes impacts)
• Their challenge is to
constantly improve
their approach and
its underlying systems
31. Accountability Framework
• UNDP is committed to enhancing accountability within the
organization and in all its operations and partnerships, and
to promoting shared goals between donors and recipients, in
order to enhance participation and transparency.
• Accountability is based on a hierarchy of three tiers of
accountability.
– Organizational Accountability
– Program Accountability
– Staff Accountability
32. All of this is accountability within
the UNDP, but what happens when
resources are delegated to
governments and programs
OUTSIDE the UNDP?
33. Malawi
Government
YOU seek financial
help from the UNDP.
MALAWI
GO to the UNDP, ask
for and receive
resources.
35. National AIDS Commission (NAC)
The UNDP and the government of
Malawi have picked your
organization to hold a 10-day
training seminar to educate and
train a group of teachers, nurses,
and government workers on
HIV/AIDS testing and counseling.
36. Trainees
You are among a group of well-educated people working
in your community. The National AIDS Commission (NAC)
has selected you to take part in a 10-day training seminar
on HIV/AIDS testing and counseling.
The hope is that
by training you,
you will work in
your communities
to educate, test,
counsel, and help
people get the
treatment they
need for
HIV/AIDS.
40. Millennium Development Goals
LIKES…
• Gives project sense of urgency
• ZERO tolerance for poverty
• Is it failure if you don’t meet
the goals?
41. A DEFICIT of…HEALTH, EDUCATION AND INCOME
Material
Poverty
Physical
Vulnerability
Weakness
Powerlessness
Isolation
Spiritual
Poverty
Poverty as
Entanglement
Chambers
42. Does UNDP’s “empowerment”
match with Friedmann’s “empowerment?”
Social Networks
Financial Information for
resources self development
Defensible
SOCIAL Surplus time
life space
BOUNDARIES
Friedmann
Poverty as Lack of Instruments of work
Knowledge
Access to Social Power and livelihood
and skills
Social
Organization
43. Political
Freedoms
Protective Economic
Security Facilities
Sen
Transparency Social Development as
Guarantees Opportunities Freedom
• Measuring poverty and development primarily in terms of INCOME.
• Do the poor have the capability to pursue their own agenda?
• Countries are expected to submit to MDG’s rather than create
their own agenda.
44. • Does the UNDP have a god-complex?
• Do they contribute to the god-complex of wealthy nations?
• LARGE dependency on wealthy nations to provide…
reducing the poor to passive recipients and marring their identity
Inadequacy in World View
Cultural
System
Captivity to
Weak Mind Biophysical Social God-Complexes
And Body System System Of Non-Poor
Christian
Poverty as Deception by
Personal
Marred Spiritual
Principalities
Disempowerment Identity System System and Powers
45. Millennium Development Goals
DISLIKES…
• •
Goals defined before project begins How do you measure success?
Can you put a number on HUMAN
• No acknowledgement of uniqueness
development?
in different cultures
• Focus on END rather than
• Women’s role reduced to mother or
PROCESS.
daughter
• Is it possible to eradicate poverty?
• Focus on health and education
•
addresses social level only Is it sustainable?
• Depend HEAVILY on outside $$
