Dr Ludger Hovestadt - The e-planet - where there is more energy than we need

w here there is more energy th an we need Connected Urban Development Seoul, 21th May 2009 by Prof. Ludger Hovestadt ETH Zürich, Switzerland

Ludger Hovestadt Architect - Computer Scientist Interfacing Technologies to an everyday Context the e planet the digital energy future

1 the climate debate and the apo stels of catastrophy e the digital energy future

when truth meets catastrophy e welcome to the metalithicum

c ool it ! e the digital energy future

2 a story ab out stones and fires e the digital energy future

e join the PowerPath my hometown zürich, switzerland 2009

e join the PowerPath 2010 technology weisweiler, germany

e join the PowerPath the 2010 stone age zurich, switzerland

it's all about the stones and the ﬁres e where there is more energy than needed the neolithicum

no re ason t o panic e the e-planet the coal price (index 1900) 14

3 there is m ore than enough data e the digital energy future

e th ere is more than enough data where there is more energy than needed

2 exabyte 250 exabyte 2002 2008 e world data volume where there is more energy the incredible growth of the virtual than needed

wikipedia (since 2004) new meanings on the new platform e where there is more energy 18 than needed

twitter (since 2006) new habits on the new platform e where there is more energy 19 than needed

google (since 1998) new habits on the new platform e where there is more energy 20 than needed

4 th e limits of growth e the digital energy future

02_Resource_commodities 01.03.09 15:04 Source: IMF, Treasury. Chart 9 shows that periods of above-average steel production growth correspond to periods of Japan’s industrialisation (1950s and 1960s) and South Korea’s industrialisation (1980s). More recently, the chart shows global steel production entering an above-average growth phase that corresponds to China’s 2007 Survey of Energy Resources!!!quot;#$%&!'()$*+!,#-(./%!0112!!!Nuclear present industrialisation. 236 Chart 9: World GDP and steel production growth (Levels) 2007 Survey of Energy Resources!!!quot;#$%&!'()$*+!,#-(./%!0112!!!Uranium! Figure 6-8!!6H)$7*)!7H7/%7B/%/9+!#8!9;)!5#$%&_=!8%))9!#8!(-.%)7$!>#5)$!>%7(9=!N%)89O!7(&!/(.$):)(97%!(-.%)7$! 201 *)()$79/(*!.7>7./9/)=!7(&!(-.%)7$!)%).9$/./9+!*)()$79/#(!N$/*;9OE 3#-$.)P!!M6'6 Figure 6-4!!M/:6$/<-6/#(!#C!O&)(6/C/)&!I):#-$.):!36!VWX!YZ1P5*V! W#-$.)b!!N'APOA'A?!011Q! Source: derived from various sources, especially Maddison (2003) and Mitchell (2003). Strong growth in steel production has, in turn, stimulated demand for the key inputs into steel production — iron ore and metallurgical coal — resulting in dramatic price increases of about 120 per cent for metallurgical coal and about 70 per cent for iron ore earlier in 2005. In addition, global prices for thermal coal grew by 20 per cent this year in response to power companies, especially in Asia, competing to secure additional coal feedstock to meet growing electricity demand. The demand shock that has precipitated these price increases has, in turn, been due to growth in China’s construction, investment and manufacturing sectors. And this growth is likely to continue for some time. Maurer et al (2004) observe that on a per capita basis, China lags well behind developed regional neighbours such as Japan and Korea for consumption of a range of resources and resource- intensive manufactures, such as steel (Chart 10). 8 ! ! http://www.treasury.gov.au/documents/1042/HTML/docshell.asp?URL=02_Resource_commodities.asp Page 8 of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quot;)E! >%7(9!8#$!7!9#97%!%/.)(=)&!%/8)9/:)!#8!I1!+)7$=E!F;)! 0111J8!E=-:?!3::)::4)(6!#C!6=)!C-6-$)! O&)(6/C/)&!I):#-$.):!34#-(6)&!6#!R82RZ!46V!H3(! #H)$(:)(9!7%=#!=)9!.#(&/9/#(=!8#$!()5!(-.%)7$! 2007 Survey of Energy Resources!!!quot;#$%&!'()$*+!,#-(./%!0112!!!Crude Oil and Natural Gas Liquids! 01.03.09 15:04 3;3/%3</%/6+!#C!3(+!4/()$3%?!/(.%-&/(*!-$3(/-4?! >=/.=!/:!<3:)&!H3J!#(!.-$$)(6!7$#&-.6/#(!.#:6:! /(.$)3:)!#C!Z8Z[!#;)$!6=)!011Z!$):#-$.)!%);)%:J8! quot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quot;)!`$)==-$/=)&!quot;79)$!V)7.9#$=! $):#-$.):!/:!$)7#$6)&!/(!6=)!7-<%/.36/#(!Uranium &/:.#;)$/):!<-6!6=)!)CC).6!#C!$)B);3%-36/#(:!#C!! 2005: Resources, Production and Demand!HI)&! Kquot;)O!7(&!R/(=;7(!MMCS!NID1!Kquot;)O!/(!,;/(7?!7(&! N`quot;VO!B)%#(*/(*!9#!'%).9$/./9A!&)![$7(.)!N'a[O! K##5J?!3!G#/(6!$)7#$6!#C!6=)!L',M!N-.%)3$! 3;/(!T#$/CD!NUI1!Kquot;)O!/(!9;)!V)>-B%/.!#8!T#$)7E! 51 '()$*+!A*)(.+!3(&!6=)!O(6)$(36/#(3%!A6#4/.! T !^$);/#-:%+!%3<)%%)&!_`(#>(!,#(;)(6/#(3%!I):#-$.): 8#$!7(!7&&/9/#(7%!9)(!+)7$=!#8!#>)$79/#(?!8#$!7! '()$*+!A*)(.+!HN'APOA'A?!011QJ8!E=)! $):#-$.):!$)7#$6)&!<+!RR!.#-(6$/):!3$)!.%3::/C/)&! U! ^$);/#-:%+!%3<)%%)&!_':6/436)&!A&&/6/#(3%!I):#-$.):!O! H'AIBOJ M(!7&&/9/#(?!7.9/H)!.#(=9$-.9/#(!$)=-:)&!79! 9#97%!.-$$)(9%+!%/.)(=)&!>)$/#&!#8!S1!+)7$=E!6=! <+!6=)!%);)%!#C!.#(C/&)(.)!/(!6=)!):6/436):?!3(&! Y1 !a/%%/#(!H4)6$/.J!6#(():!#C!.#(63/()&!-$3(/-4 W)%#+7$=XC<!/(!V-==/7E!! 5)%%?!/(!K7+!011I!'a[!*7H)!9;)!*#C7;)7&!8#$! 9;)!.#(=9$-.9/#(!#8!7!D!I11!Kquot;)!'-$#>)7(! Nuclear Capacity Expansion `$)==-$/=)&!quot;79)$!V)7.9#$!N'`VO!-(/9!79! [%7:7(H/%%)!79!7(!)=9/:79)&!.#=9!#8!b!SES!B/%%/#(E! ,-$$)(9!)Y>7(=/#(?!7=!5)%%!7=!()7$C9)$:!7(&! F;)![%7:7(H/%%)!=/9)!7%$)7&+!;#=9=!95#!D!SS1! %#(*C9)$:!*$#59;!>$#=>).9=?!$):7/(=!.)(9$)&!/(! Kquot;)!`quot;V=E!M(!,7(7&7?!`#/(9!Q)>$)7-!$).)/H)&! 6=/7E!Z8!9;)!SD!$)7.9#$=!-(&)$!.#(=9$-.9/#(!79! 7!9;$))C+)7$!%/.)(.)!$)()57%!8#$!9;)!>)$/#&!011UC )(&C011I?!D2!5)$)!/(!6=/7!7(&!0I!#8!9;)!%7=9!SI! 01DDE! $)7.9#$=!9#!;7H)!B))(!.#(().9)&!9#!9;)!*$/&! 5)$)!%/X)5/=)!/(!6=/7E!M(.$)7=)&!(-.%)7$! F;)!.#:>%)9/#(!&79)!#8!9;)!>$#c).9!#8! .7>7./9+!/(!=#:)!.#-(9$/)=!N)E*E?!9;)!L36?! F)#%%/=--&)(!d#/:7!Z+!NFdZO!9#!B-/%&!7(!'`V! W)%*/-:?![/(%7(&?!3>7/(?!35)&)(?!35/94)$%7(&! Figure 2-6!!U$#&-.7/#(!:$#9/%)!#9!#/%!4(&!*46!%/A-/&6! 79!9;)!Z%X/%-#9#!=/9)!/(![/(%7(&!C!9;)!8/$=9!(-.%)7$! 7(&!)$:7(+O!/=!9;)!$)=-%9!#8!->$79/(*!)Y/=9/(*! >#5)$!>%7(9!#$&)$)&!/(!quot;)=9)$(!'-$#>)!8#$!DG! >%7(9=?!5;/.;!.7(!7&&!->!9#!01]!#8!7&&/9/#(7%! +)7$=!C!;7=!B))(!>-9!B7.X!B+!#H)$!7!+)7$E! .7>7./9+!C!7!;/*;%+!.#=9C)88).9/H)!57+!#8!B$/(*/(*! F#-$.)V!011I!F.)(4$/#B!T66#./47/#(!9#$!78)!F7-&+!#9!U)45!W/%!X!Y46B!0112! ()5!.7>7./9+!#(C%/()E! M(!011I?!9;)!L3!^-.%)7$!V)*-%79#$+!,#::/==/#(! a)%7+=!;7H)!B))(!.7-=)&!B+!9;)!.#(.$)9)!-=)&! /(!9;)!()5!-(/9_=!8#-(&79/#(=!(#9!B)/(*!/(! .#(8#$:/9+!5/9;!9;)!=>)./8/.79/#(?!7=!5)%%!7=! N^V,O!7>>$#H)&!)/*;9!:#$)!%/.)(.)!$)()57%=!#8! &)%/H)$+!>$#B%):=!5/9;!=-B.#(9$7.9#$=E! IMF and Treasury derived. 01!+)7$=!)7.;!N8#$!7!9#97%!%/.)(=)&!%/8)!#8!I1! ZB=)$H)$=!=-**)=9!9;79!9;)!>$#B%):=!87.)&!/(! +)7$=!8#$!)7.;!(-.%)7$!>#5)$!>%7(9O?!B$/(*/(*!9;)! B-/%&/(*!Z%X/%-#9#CS!7$)!.#::#(!8#$!7!8/$=9C#8C7C 9#97%!(-:B)$!#8!7>>$#H)&!%/.)(.)!$)()57%=!9#!<2! X/(&!>%7(9?!)=>)./7%%+!5;)(!:#=9!#8!9;)! 79!9;)!)(&!#8!9;)!+)7$E!M(!9;)!L36!9;)$)!7$)! =-B.#(9$7.9#$=!/(H#%H)&!;7H)!(#9!5#$X)&!9#!! in commodity prices oves with global economic activity but with more pronounced swings (Chart he world as a whole has not fallen for almost 60 years, mining production ing the global slowdowns in 1975, 1981 and 1982. Mineral exports are in turn neral production (Chart 6). Chart 5: World GDP and mining production e Organization data. Chart 6: World minerals production and exports HTML/docshell.asp?URL=02_Resource_commodities.asp Page 5 of 12 ! ! 345)!6)(6)!78)$)9#$)!7#!466-3)!7847!:$#&-.7/#(! G#$!78)!$)46#(6!)E:%4/()&!4>#D)B!/7!/6!)D/&)(7! /(!78)6)!.#-(7$/)6!;/%%!$)34/(!9%47!-(7/%!78)! 7847!78)!*$#;78!#9!#/%!:$#&-.7/#(!#D)$!78)!:467! &):%)7/#(!$47)!$/6)6!7#!64+!<=!>)9#$)!78)!#(6)7! JK1!+)4$6!3-67!*/D)!;4+!7#!&).%/()!46!78)! #9!7)$3/(4%!&).%/()?!@$4A!/6!4!6:)./4%!.46)B! $)6#-$.)6!4$)!&):%)7)&?!quot;8/%)!78/6!.4(!84$&%+!>)! #99)$/(*!78)!:#66/>/%/7+!7847!:$#&-.7/#(!3/*87!$/6)! &)(/)&B!4!&)>47)!$4*)6!46!7#!78)!&47)!#9!78)! 7#!4!3#$)!(#$34%!:%47)4-!68#-%&!78)!:#%/7/.4%! :)45?!L-7!/(!94.7!/7!3/66)6!78)!:#/(7B!)6:)./4%%+! 6/7-47/#(!:)$3/7?!C8)$)!4$)!4%7)$(47/D)!;4+6!/(! 46!/7!/6!(#7!4!8/*8!#$!/6#%47)&!:)45!>-7!6/3:%+!78)! ;8/.8!7#!4&&$)66!78/6!*$#-:B!9#$!)E43:%)!7$)47/(*! 34E/3-3!D4%-)!#(!4!*)(7%)!.-$D)?!quot;847! the limits of growth 78)3!46!6;/(*!:$#&-.)$6B!345/(*!-:!78)! 3477)$6B!4(&!3477)$6!*$)47%+B!/6!78)!D/6/#(!#9!78)! &/99)$)(.)!>)7;))(!;#$%&!&)34(&!4(&!;847!78)! %#(*!&).%/()!7847!.#3)6!/(7#!D/);!#(!78)!#78)$! #78)$!.#-(7$/)6!.4(!6-::%+B!>-7!#(!>4%4(.)!78)! 6/&)!#9!/7?! /(&/.47/#(6!4$)!7847!(47-$4%!4(&!/(D)673)(7! .#(67$4/(76!84D)!%/3/7)&!78)/$!6;/(*!$#%)6?! G/*?!0HI!/%%-67$47)6!4!:%4-6/>%)!3#&)%B!4%>)/7!#()! 6->M).7!7#!$)D/6/#(!46!();B!3#$)!$)%/4>%)! Evaluation /(9#$347/#(!.#3)6!7#!84(&?!!@7!/%%-67$47)6!4%%!78)! C8)!D4$/#-6!:->%/.!$)6)$D)!&474!/%%-67$47)B! .47)*#$/)6!#9!#/%B!#(!;8/.8!6#3)!.#33)(76!4$)! 43#(*67!#78)$!78/(*6B!78)!;/&)!$4(*)!#9! #99)$)&!>)%#;?! e )67/347)6?!C8)!4(4%+67!:$#&-./(*!4!&):%)7/#(! :$#9/%)!;/%%!(47-$4%%+!745)!9-%%!(#7)!#9!78)6)! Conventional Oil welcome to the metalithicum 466)663)(76B!.#3:4$/(*!78)3!;/78!6-.8! :$#:$/)74$+!#$!.#(9/&)(7/4%!/(9#$347/#(!46!34+!>)! /(!8/6!:#66)66/#(B!/(!#$&)$!7#!4$$/D)!47!;847! C8/6!.47)*#$+!846!6-::%/)&!3#67!7#!&47)!4(&!;/%%! &#3/(47)!#/%!6-::%+!94$!/(7#!78)!9-7-$)?!@7!/6! the crisis of the rational 22 6))36!7#!>)!4!:%4-6/>%)!4(&!$)46#(4>%)! $)%47/D)%+!)46+B!.8)4:!4(&!9467!7#!:$#&-.)B!;/78!

Buckminster Fuller, LIFE Magazine the rati onal has become too narrow e welcome to the metalithicum

when the limits of the rationa l provoke the limits of growth ... politics economy ecology military technology research ... e the crisis of the rational

it is a crisis of the rational e welcome to the metal ithicum

never mind ! e welcome to the metal ithicum

one machine any machine you can grasp you can't grasp v irtualizing the rational ... e welcome to the metalithicum

Serres Deleuze Gödel Lagranges Euler Foucault Fourier Turing Wittgenstein the ration alist of the irrational ... e welcome to the metalithicum the abstraction of things

information information technology electricity quantum mechanics quantum ... we already entered a phantastic new plateau ! e welcome to the metalithicum

silicon as virtual machines ... CPU WLAN IBAN GSM RAM GPS ... e welcome to the metalithicum the abstraction of things

closing the story of stones and fires leaving the stone age e welcome to the metalithicum

telling a new story ab out the potential of the intellect entering the metalithicum e welcome to the metalithicum

5 there will be more energy than we need e the digital energy future

energy form stones energy from the athmosphere e where there is more energy than we need

2009 : 0.17 $ 1.000 Wh once 300Wh per year e where there is more energy than we need

0.57 $ / Wp energy form the stones kWatt like kByte energy from the athmosphere 2009 2014 e where there is more energy than we need the incredible growth of the virtual

160.0 00 sq km fits all energy needs there is 10.000 times more solar e impact to the planet earth, than where there is more energy mankind is using, every day than we need

e where there is more energy than we need

It‘s all about the weather ... e the e-planet

... and harvesting energy e 41 the e-planet

few to many t he interne t of things m any to many smart grid e 42 the e-planet

the 500 bn devices problem the last meter : 3 b n homes -> 500 bn devices e 43 the e-planet

since 1890 the STROM* e 44 the e-planet * the german word for electrical current * the german word for electrical current

introducing PCL all-in-one -95% 0.1W 6 mm2 zero engineering -98% open source e 45 the e-planet

since 2010 the STROM and the BIT e 46 the e-planet

digitalSTROM.org Alliance (since 2008) Communication: Deutsche Telekom ... Transportation and Logistics: DHL ... Smart Metering: Landis&Gyr, Holley ... Energy Provider: EDF, YELLO ... ... e 47 the digital energy future

single chip GSM a 5 bn online logistic system on communication e 48 the e-planet

single high-voltage chip PLC a 500 bn online logistics system on energy e 49 the e-planet

virtua l switzerland as an on line energy monitor e 50 the e-planet

1969 2009 e 51 the e-planet

data & energy inhabiting the athmosphere e 52 the e-planet

th ere is enough energy ... e the e-planet

without any pollution ... e the e-planet

we can have it for 'nothing', but ... e the e-planet

you can't grasp it it's the athmosphere e the e-planet

trust in the uncertain ! contract the existant ! e the e-planet

jo in the PowerPath conferences talks books coming soon ... e the e-planet

Thanks e Ludger Hovestadt ETH Zürich Switzerland hovestadt@arch.ethz.ch

welcome to the metalithicum e

it's a vector, not a declaration

you can't grasp it!

objects changes depending on our access

self-reference instead of external reference

the challange : contracting new references instead of controlling the one reference

it's the athmosphere instead of the ground

1 die gefährliche selbstbezüglichkeit des prinzips der rationalität 2 die unerträgliche gründung unserer existenz 3 das sagenhafte wachstum der virtuale 4 die krise der rationalität 5 welcome to the metalithicum 5 welcome to the metalithicum

the cli mate debate and the apostels of c atastrophy the e planet initiative

calculating with the irrational e

more irrational numbers than rational numbers √-1 e = 2,718281828459...

e = 2,718281828459...

the e planet initiative the digital energy future

the climate debate and the apost els of catastrophy e the digital energy future

using a given material creating new material e

the whole world in your pocket

there is no solution within the actual reference system the ratio the nature

greetings fr om the metalithicum : )

burn to death freeze to death ... politics economy ecology military technology research ... w hen the limits of the rational e deﬁne the limits of growth

Dr Ludger Hovestadt - The e-planet - where there is more energy than we need

by Shane Mitchell on May 27, 2009

Accessibility

Categories

Tags

Upload Details

Usage Rights

2 Embeds 15

Statistics

Dr Ludger Hovestadt - The e-planet - where there is more energy than we need — Presentation Transcript

http://www.connectedurbandevelopment.org	9
http://www.slideshare.net	6