Zend expressive workshop

Zend Expressive Workshop
By:
Adam Culp
Twitter: @adamculp
https://joind.in/talk/ec545

2
●
About me
– OSS Contributor
– PHP Certified
– Zend Certification Advisory Board
– PHP-Fig voting member (IBM i Toolkit)
– Consultant at Zend Technologies
– Organizer SoFloPHP (South Florida)
– Organizer SunshinePHP (Miami)
– Long distance (ultra) runner
– Photography Enthusiast
– Judo Black Belt Instructor

3
●
About me
– OSS Contributor
– PHP Certified
– Zend Certification Advisory Board
– PHP-Fig voting member (IBM i Toolkit)
– Consultant at Zend Technologies
– Organizer SoFloPHP (South Florida)
– Organizer SunshinePHP (Miami)
– Long distance (ultra) runner
– Photography Enthusiast
– Judo Black Belt Instructor
PHP Ninja!!!

4
●
I Help Build The Web

5
●
Frameworks Suck
– Complicated
●
Routing
●
Databases
●
Connectivity
●
Communication (HTTP, API)
●
Information Container
●
GUI (html, javascript, templates, CSS,)
●
Errors and Exceptions
●
Validation and Cleansing Data
●
State

6
●
Frameworks Web Applications Suck
– Complicated
●
Routing
●
Databases
●
Connectivity
●
Communication (HTTP, API)
●
Information Container
●
GUI (html, javascript, templates, CSS,)
●
Errors and Exceptions
●
Validation and Cleansing Data
●
State

7
●
Buzzword Bingo
– We will mention many buzzwords, but...

8
●
Microservice
– All the buzz is “microservices”.
– ...complex applications are composed of small, independent processes
communicating with each other using language-agnostic APIs. These
services are small building blocks, highly decoupled and focused on doing
a small task, facilitating a modular approach to system-building. –
Wikipedia

9
●
But in PHP...
– How to keep microservices light?
– Microservices shouldn’t be heavy
I’m a
Microservice!!!

10
●
Full Stack Frameworks Suck
– Heavy and bloated
– “Kitchen Sink”
– “You don’t have to use everything, but its there...”

11
●
Need For Speed
– What does a microservice “need”?
●
HTTP message layer
●
Routing capabilities
●
Dependency injection
– Testable
– Swappable pieces
●
Templating
– Optional (APIs may not need it, except documentation)

12
●
PHP Ecosystem Facilitators
– PHP 7
– Microframeworks
– Libraries
– Components
– Containers
– Composer

13
●
All The Things!!!
– So many tools:
Monolog
Whoops
Flysystem
IBMiToolkit
OAuth2 Server
https://github.com/ziadoz/awesome-php

14
●
Communication Sucks
– Say what!?!
Monolog
Whoops
Flysystem
IBMiToolkit
OAuth2 Server

15
●
PSR-7 Doesn’t Suck
– Part of PHP-Fig.org recommendations
– HTTP Messages
●
Request from client to server
●
Response from server to client
– Interfaces
●
PsrHttpMessageMessageInterface
– PsrHttpMessageRequestInterface
●
PsrHttpMessageServerRequestInterface
– PsrHttpMessageResponseInterface
●
PsrHttpMessageStreamInterface
●
PsrHttpMessageUploadFileInterface
●
PsrHttpMessageUriInterface

16
●
Middleware
– ...Middleware makes it easier for software developers to implement
communication and input/output, so they can focus on the specific
purpose of their application. – Wikipedia
– Lighter applications (only what is needed)
– Composed of layers

17
●
Zend Expressive
– Microframework built around middleware
– Very lean runtime
– Built to consume PSR-7
– Use for building:
●
APIs
●
Web applications
●
Single page sites
– Choose your own stack
– Great documentation
●
https://zendframework.github.io/zend-expressive/

18
●
Composer Install Script
– Done “right” from the start

19
●

20
●
– Minimal skeleton or full*?
●
With or without samples

21
●
– Router options
●
Aura.Router
●
FastRoute*
●
Zend Router

22
●
– Container options: (container interop)
●
Aura.Di
●
Pimple
●
Zend ServiceManager*

23
●
– Template engine options:
●
Plates
●
Twig
●
Zend View
●
None*

24
●
– Error handler options:
●
Whoops*
●
None

25
●
Lab 01 – Install Zend Expressive
– From within the VM install Zend Expressive
●
At ‘/home/vagrant/workspace/’ delete the ‘expressive’ folder
●
Composer is globally installed in the VM, enabling easy project
creation. (stick to the defaults)
$ composer create-project zendframework/zend-expressive-
skeleton expressive
●
Verify that Zend Expressive Skeleton was properly installed.
http://localhost then click on the Expressive link.→

26
●
Skeleton Application

27
●
Structure
– Folder structure of Zend Expressive Skeleton

28
●
Not MVC
– Files and structure focused on Actions

29
●
Middleware Addition Approaches
– Currently uses a config-driven approach to creating/using middleware
●
Middleware added to services through configuration
– With version 1.1 of Zend Expressive the “recommended” will be
programmatic/explicit approach versus config-driven.
●
Middleware information driven by pipes
●
More on this later
– In this workshop the config-driven approach is used in examples

30
●
The Flow

31
●
Initial File
– Front controller
(/public/index.php)

32
●
Container Creation
– We specified Zend ServiceManager
(/config/container.php)

33
●
Load Configs
(/config/config.php)

34
●
Load Dependencies
– Items to be called as middleware in routes.
(/config/autoload/routes.global.php)

35
●
Load Routes
– Matches path to middleware (Dependencies shown earlier)
(/config/autoload/routes.global.php cont’d)

36
●
Ping Action Anatomy
– Creates raw JSON response
(/src/App/Action/PingAction.php)

37
●
JSON Response
– Created by action

38
●
Lab 02 – REST Test using HTTPie
– Within the VM
●
We will use HTTPie from the command line instead of raw cURL to
make requests.
●
Make a request to the existing ping action we analyzed:
$ http http://expressive/api/ping
●
If doing this from the host browser the URL would be different:
$ http http://expressive:8081/api/ping
●
Observe the response:
– Note the Header information
– Note the json response object

39
●
Lab 02 – REST Test using HTTPie (cont’d)
– Within the VM
●
Observe the response:
– Note the Header information
– Note the json response object

40
●
Let’s Create a Middleware!!!

41
●
Header Middleware
– Create class for new middleware (or include someone else’s)

42
●
Header Middleware
– The class to include the very important header
(/src/App/Middleware/TheClacksMiddleware.php)

43
●
Header Middleware
– Add the middleware to the container
– Set it to always be included
(/config/autoload/middleware-pipeline.global.php)

44
●
Header Middleware
– Header for every call now carries our important message

45
●
Lab 03 – Create a Middleware
– Create middleware to add content into ALL response headers
●
Add an appropriately named middleware class. (Example:
TheClacksMiddleware)
– Define the namespace (Example: ‘AppMiddleware’)
– Use PsrHttpMessageResponseInterface and
ServerRequestInterface.
– Return the response withHeader.
●
Add the new middleware into our middleware services. Remember we
want it to ALL responses.
●
Verify
NOTE: Refer to the expressive-final application if you need hints

46
●
Let’s Create a Database Connected Middleware!!!
●
With Zend Db

47
●
Database Connected Example With Zend Db
– First we need a database connection.
●
Will use Zend-Db for this example, but could be anything.
●
Composer to the rescue!

48
●
– Specify adapter (provided by Zend/Db/ConfigProvider() in this case)
(/config/autoload/db.global.php)

49
●
– Provide local/instance configuration
● This would be driver and credentials
● (credentials not needed with sqlite)
(/config/autoload/db.local.php)

50
●
– Create the action (view 1 of 2 - constructor)
(/src/App/Action/UserListAction.php)

51
●
– Create the action (view 2 of 2 - __invoke method)
(/src/App/Action/UserListAction.php cont’d)

52
●
– Create a factory to pass items needed by the action
(/src/App/Action/UserListFactory.php)

53
●
– Add the new action to dependencies

54
●
– Add the new route to dependencies
(/config/autoload/routes.global.php cont’d)

55
●
– Create the view template
(/templates/app/user-list.phtml)

56
●
– Rejoice!

57
●
Lab 04 – Database Connected Middleware
– Create a User middleware allowing management of user records in a
database using Zend Db
●
Using Composer require dependency ‘zendframework/zend-db:2.8.*’
●
Create an autoload global config file to provide
Zend/Db/ConfigProvider
●
Create an autoload local config to provide a db container supplying
the location to the users.db Sqlite database in the /data directory
●
Add an appropriately named middleware class (Example:
UserListAction)
– Define the namespace (Example: ‘AppAction’)
– Use PsrHttpMessageResponseInterface, ServerRequestInterface,
ZendDiactorosResponseHtmlResponse,
ZendExpressiveTemplate, and ZendDbAdapterAdapter.
– Define $template and $adapter fields for those objects

58
●
Lab 04 – Database Connected Middleware (Cont’d)
– Create a User middleware (Cont’d
●
Add a middleware class (Cont’d)
– Add a constructor to receive/set $template and $adapter
●
Typehint $template with TemplateTemplateRendererInterface
– Add an invoke method leveraging ServerRequestInterface,
ResponseInterface, and $next as callable.
– Using the Zend Db adapter create the query for Sqlite.
●
For Sqlite this involves defining a statement, then executing
– Return the HtmlResponse rendering the view template.
●
Add a factory class to prepare the items needed by the Action just
created
– Use InteropContainerContainerInterface,
ZendExpressiveTemplateTemplateRendererInterface, and
ZendDbAdapterAdapterInterface.

59
●
●
Add a factory class (Cont’d)
– In the invoke() method typehint the $container argument using
ContainerInterface.
– Gain the $template if the $container has the
TemplateRenderInterface.
– Gain the DB $adapter also from the $container using
AdapterInterface.
– Return an instantiation of the Action class created earlier by
passing the $template and $adapter.
●
Add the factory to the dependencies in the global routes.
●
Add a route to access the new middleware
●
Create a view template to display the user results.

60
●
Let’s Create Moar Middleware!!!

61
●
Lab 05 – Create Moar Middleware
– Create a uuid middleware to add content into all response headers
●
Using Composer add a dependency ‘ramsey/uuid’
●
UuidMiddleware)
and RamseyUuidUuid (and maybe
RamseyUuidExceptionUnsatisfiedDependencyException).
– Return a uuid in the response withHeader.
●
●
Verify

62
●
Lab 05 – Create Moar Middleware (cont’d)
– Continuing… Create middleware to add response time to ALL response
headers
●
RequestTimeMiddleware)
– Use PsrHttpMessageResponseInterface and
ServerRequestInterface.
– Create code returning the time the request took
– Return the response withHeader.
●
●
Verify
NOTE: Refer to the expressive-final application if you need hints

63
●
Let’s Create a Database Connected Middleware!!!
●
With Doctrine!!!

64
●
Database Connected Example With Doctrine
– First we need a database connection.
●
Will use Doctrine DBAL for this example, but could be anything.
●
Composer to the rescue!

65
●
– Provide local/instance configuration
● This would be driver and credentials
● (credentials not needed with sqlite)
(/config/autoload/dbal.local.php)

66
●
– Create the action (view 1 of 2 - constructor)
(/src/App/Action/UserDbalListAction.php)

67
●
– Create the action (view 2 of 2 - __invoke method)
(/src/App/Action/UserDbalListAction.php cont’d)

68
●
– Create a factory to pass items needed by the action
(/src/App/Action/UserDbalListFactory.php)

69
●
– Add the new action to dependencies, as shown below for the previous
action, but with the new namespace for this example

70
●
– Add the new route to dependencies

71
●
– Create the view template
(/templates/app/user-dbal-list.phtml)

72
●
– Rejoice!

73
●
Lab 06 – Database Connected Middleware
– Create a User middleware allowing management of user records in a
database using Doctrine Dbal
●
Using Composer require dependency ‘doctrinedbal:2.5.*’
●
Create an autoload local config to provide a doctrine-connection
container supplying the location to the users.db sqlite database in
the /data directory
●
Add an appropriately named middleware class (Example:
UserDbalListAction)
ZendDiactorosResponseHtmlResponse, and
ZendExpressiveTemplate.
– Define $template and $connection fields for those objects

74
●
●
Add a middleware class (Cont’d)
– Add a constructor to receive/set $template and $connection
●
Typehint $template with TemplateTemplateRendererInterface
– Add an invoke method leveraging ServerRequestInterface,
ResponseInterface, and $next as callable.
– Using the Doctrine $connection create the query for Sqlite.
– Return the HtmlResponse rendering the view template.
●
Add a factory class to prepare the items needed by the Action just
created
– Use InteropContainerContainerInterface,
ZendExpressiveTemplateTemplateRendererInterface, and
DoctrineDBALDriverManager.

75
●
●
Add a factory class (Cont’d)
– In the invoke() method typehint the $container argument using
ContainerInterface.
– Gain the $template if the $container has the
TemplateRenderInterface.
– Define the DB $credentials also from the $container and kick off
Doctrine to return the $connection to users for the view to use.
– Return an instantiation of the Action class created earlier by
passing the $template and $connection.
●
Add the factory to the dependencies in the global routes.
●
Add a route to access the new middleware
●
Create a view template to display the user results.

76
●
Let’s Use Programmatic!!!

77
●
Zend Expressive Skeleton Programmatic
– Version 1.1 of Zend Expressive “recommended” approach to adding more
middleware will be with a programmatic/explicit approach.
●
In Github the repo for expressive-final has an additional branch
(name: programmatic) created by Matthew Weier O’Phinney, from the
Zend Expressive team, showing the programmatic approach to
everything in this workshop.
●
https://github.com/adamculp/expressive-workshop

78
●
Resources
– Zend Expressive Site - http://zendframework.github.io/zend-expressive/
– MasterZendFramework - http://www.masterzendframework.com
– Oscar Otero’s list https://github.com/oscarotero/psr7-middlewares
– This github repo https://github.com/adamculp/expressive-workshop
– Slides - http://www.slideshare.net/adamculp/zend-expressive-workshop
– Code used for the workshop - https://github.com/adamculp/expressive-
workshop
– More to come!

79
●
With Zend Expressive:
– Easy to build middleware
– Lightweight, add what is really needed
– Fast – no extra load
– Microservices in PHP are better

80
●
Give Zend Expressive a Try...Today!!!
– https://zendframework.github.io/zend-expressive/

●
Thank you!
●
Code at: https://github.com/adamculp/expressive-blastoff
●
Please rate at: https://joind.in/talk/ec545
Adam Culp
http://www.rungeekradio.com
http://www.geekyboy.com
Twitter @adamculp

Zend expressive workshop

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (20)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (11)

Similar to Zend expressive workshop

Similar to Zend expressive workshop (20)

More from Adam Culp

More from Adam Culp (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Zend expressive workshop