For people who want to start out with #opensource , #openstack, #cloud , #bigdata Linux is the foundational skill. Consider this a beginner guide to linux , understand why it is important , what is the landscape and how easy it is to learn it.
The learning cheat sheet can be utilized from http://linoxide.com/guide/linux-command-shelf.html
PDF version attached as well .
2. Standard Disclaimers …
All images are sourced from creative commons
Penguin / Tux are owned by respective copyright owners ..
This information is not intended to be comprehensive at all . Instead ‘practical’
3. What we want to cover …
# What is Linux ?
- Significance, Distributions ..
# Core concepts
- Applications, File Structures …
# Hands On
4. POP QUIZ !!
Why are you here ?
By the end of this session though
..
5. Linux
Operating System is the software that runs all your applications and manages
hardware resources.
Linux is an Open Source server/desktop operating system similar to Unix, Mac
OS and Windows.
Why is Linux so important ?
6. KVM, HyperV, ESX
HW Virtualization OS Virtualization
Linux
Orchestration / Automation :
CMP’s / Openstack
Containers, Docker
Orchestration / Automation :
Mesos , Kubernetes
Web
Apps
LAMP
eCommerce
CRM
Big Data
Analytics
IoT
Mobile
Data
Visualization
NFV
7. Linux Powers the cloud
http://www.linuxfoundation.org/publications/linux-foundation/linux-end-user-trends-
report-2014 ( Most Recent One)
8. Linux : Major Distributions
Red Hat
RH Enterprise Linux : Red Hat’s official enterprise commercial distribution.
Opensource but charges for support.
Ubuntu
Popular open source Linux distribution based off Debian project
Commercially supported by Canonical
SuSe:
Another (mostly popular in Europe) open source Linux distribution based off
Debian project . Commercial support available.
9. Linux: Distribution Landscape
(major ones)
Way more in a nice tree format at :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Linux_distributions
By way of usage:
http://distrowatch.com
10. How you use Linux ?
Multiple ways but here are more plausible ones : [disclaimers :]
Method Advantage
Wipe clean an old machine and install a Linux distro on entire
system
Best performance , dedicated hardware and disk space
Dual boot windows and Linux Best performance , less storage
Install a VM manager like VMware Player/Workstation or
Virtual Box and run a VM.
Ok performance for simulation not for heavy duty stuff. Limited
storage space
12. Steps ..
Download Virtual Box
http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/5.0.16/VirtualBox-5.0.16-105871-Win.exe
Download Centos 7 minimal 64 bit
http://buildlogs.centos.org/rolling/7/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal.iso
Download PuTTY/SSH
http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
Create a VM within VirtualBox with 1 vcpu , 1 GB RAM , 1GB HDD and make sure
in the network tab NIC is ‘bridged adapter’ instead of NAT.
Mount Centos ISO and install VM , Step through installation , use ‘root/redsand123’ and
‘bigd/redsands123’ as username/password for root and a regular user
Launch putty and using the IP address login to VM using root user/password settings ,
check IP address by issuing ‘ip a’ command . Launch Putty from your desktop and ssh
into VM using the IP from your desktop. Login via Putty using your regular username.
13. POP QUIZ !!
Do you know what’s
oing on here ?
If you are still awake though ..
14. Local VM Access Vs. AWS access
Your machine/laptop
Centos
VM
Putty
SSH
Your machine/laptop
Putty
AWS
Centos
VM
SSH
16. Basics of ‘using’ linux
shells: Sh, Bash ( /bin/bash)
Help: man ( man <command_name> , e.g. man ls will display
manual or help for command ‘ls’
Environment variables : set e.g. executing set will display all path
variables
Reading info: echo e.g. echo $SHELL will display just one
environment variable called SHELL .
17. Navigating your way around
cd : Change directory , default change to user’s default directory
cd /tmp for changing to /tmp directory
ls : list current directory contents
ls –halt for human readable and time sorted output
pwd: present working directory
who: Who’s logged in / w: all the user’s logged in and via which terminal . Good to check who’s
mucking around on your VM’s ;-)
whoami: check current user’s id
clear: Clear the current terminal screen contents
history: show command line history
mount : Mount a directory that can be an iso file or virtual image .
e.g.mount /tmp/centos-7-min.iso /media [i.e. mount <source> <dest> ]
df : Report file system usage . E.g. df –ah [ [display file system info in human readable format ]
19. Words About Editors
Practical ….
Nano, SublimeText , Vi /Vim ..All about personal preference and comfort level . Remember
freedom to choose
20. Preparing for Hadoop/Cloudera Class Installs
Follow the steps in the installation doc by copying pasting commands one by one …
Alternatively , create a base line development environment by copying following code from
my github .. Consider this to be your SOE
https://github.com/rizviz/devbaseline
How : From your VM’s command line
1. curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rizviz/devbaseline/master/baseline_sys.sh >
baseline_sys.sh
2. chmod a+x baseline_sys.sh
3. ./baseline_sys.sh
21. Take Aways …Next Steps
1. Explore DevOps
2. Make code versioning a habit ; explore cvs , github etc
3. Practice makes it perfect
4. Linux is a means to an end …
Questions & Comments
Editor's Notes
What’s the difference between a chef’s knife , an all purpose knife and a swiss army knife . Each have their own utility but linux gives you more choices and thus more freedom to do whatever you want
CentOS
Community Enterprise OS, goal is to be compatible with its upstream source, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
In 2014, Red Hat announced sponsorship
Fedora
developed by the community project, Fedora-Project, owned by Red Hat
CentOS
Community Enterprise OS, goal is to be compatible with its upstream source, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
In 2014, Red Hat announced sponsorship
Fedora
developed by the community project, Fedora-Project, owned by Red Hat
Red Hat
RH Enterprise Linux : Red Hat’s official enterprise commercial distribution. Opensource but charges for support.
Ubuntu
Popular open source Linux distribution based off Debian project
Commercially supported by Canonical
SuSe:
Another (mostly popular in Europe) open source Linux distribution based off Debian project . Commercial support available.
Bridged adapter wll require VM to get an IP from the actual DNS .. Students can then ping each other’s VM’s and be able to log in for group exercises.
