Contribution to the Seminar on Low Carbon Initiatives of Cities for GHG Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change organisaed by AIT and ADEME. Bangkok, Thailand, May 2011

1. Paris climate protection plana comprehensive strategy… Seminar on Low Carbon Initiatives of Cities for GHG Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change May 2011

2. Welcometo Paris ! Paris 105 km² (40.5 sq. miles) 2,215,197 inhabitants Here Region Île-de-France 12,012 km² (4640 sq.miles) 11,746,000 inhabitants

4. 21,097 inhab/km²

5. 1,700,000 jobs

6. 8,8% unemployment

7. 1,322,000 dwellings

8. 200,000 council housings

9. 300,000 enterprises

10. 26,000,000 tourists

11. 200,000 pupils

12. 300,000 students

13. GDP :135 billions €

15. 36 Deputy Mayors

16. 163 city councillors

17. 20 divisions with local mayor

18. 121 neighbourhood councils

19. 6,000 streets = 1,700 km

20. 2.7 million movements by car a day

21. 360 metro stations - 60 bus lines

22. 3 billions trips a year

23. 15,000 cabs

24. 2,000 tourist coaches/day

25. Waste : 1,200,000 t/year

26. Water : 550,000 m3/day

28. Heating500 GWh/y

29. Electricity200 GWh/y

30. Street lighting150 GWh/y

31. 3,300 vehicles 8 millions liters

32. 51,000 civil servants

33. Annual budget7 billions €INDUSTRY2% ACCOMODATIONS 35% AGRICULTURE 0,4% ACCOMODATIONS 29% TERTIAIRY 19% TRANSPORT 25% INDUSTRY 8% TERTIARY 38% TRANSPORT 44% 2009 2005 42,900 GWh/year 286,000 GWh/year Electricity 37% Others 1% Electricity 20% Gas 20% Others 2% Gasoline 7% Gas 22% District heating 5% Fuel-diesel oil 22% Fuel-diesel-gasoline oil 55% District heating 10% 2005 2009 District cooling 1%

35. day tripper

36. business customer

39. Territory adaptation,

40. People transportation,

41. Goods transportation,

42. Economic activities,

43. Local and international cooperation,

44. Waste and consumption,

45. Education and culture.Climate protection plan of Parisoctober 2007

46. 1st climate protection actions plan of Parisadopted 1st October 2007unanimously Objectives : -75% GHG emissions by 2050 compare to 2004 Local administration : -30% emissions by 2020 compare to 2004 -30% energy consumption (buildings and street lighting) 30% of renewable energy in supply by 2020 Territory : -25% emissions by 2020 compare to 2004 -25% energy consumption by 2020 25% of renewable energy in supply by 2020 Bilan Carbone®, the five-year indicator of the plan.

47. Main goals Buildings New: 50kWh/m²/y Renovation : 80kWh/m²/y 5,000 social dwellings refurbished per year Transports Reduce by 60% GHG emission from local transport New tramways, improve public transport outside Developing eco-friendly means of transportation (bike…) Urbanism New zero carbon area Consumption & waste Reduce by 15% wastes by 2020 Economy Developing sustainable tourism Creating competitive cluster : building research, green urban energy Adaptation Anticipating heat waves Improving the flood prevention plan Increasing green areas (30ha): parks, roofs…

48. Paris climate protection management

49. Paris organisation Mayor of Paris : Mr. Delanoë Budget 7 billions €/y 36 Deputy Mayorsof whomMr. Baupin, in charge of Sustainable Development, Environment and Climate protection planMr. Schapira, in charge of International relationship Policy and politics General SecretaryInternational Relationship office Administration 51,000 civils servants 22 headquarters City planning, transports, schools, infancy Culture, economy, waste and water, finance… Parks and Environment

51. Energy strategy

53. Air quality

54. Noises

56. pupil animation

58. Animation tools 2 executive board meetings a year 10 deputy mayors 6 management board meetings a year Co-chairmanship : Mr. Baupin & General Secretary Invited : Headquarters directors & deputy mayors’ staff 2 meetings a year with Social housing companies Public-private joint ventures in charge of urban renewal Climate volunteers (citizen, NGO, neighbourhood council…) Paris Climate Agency To Parisians and Enterprises Indicators GHG balance every 5 years 27 follow-up indicators (energy consumption, # retrofitted buildings…) Annual financial report => annual carbon report

59. Difficulties & outlook Difficulties Actions plan scatter many various sectors Different time scales: short term, long term, elections Paris’ budget can’t stretch any further Almost easy to animate Administration but territory… Outlook Find new financial way and concept Produce new GHG balance by 2010 to check & stimulate Create the Parisian Climate Agency (March 2011) To inform Parisians about Climate Change and energy savings To animate territory To involve private actors into climate change To participate to cooperation project in Europe & worldwide

60. More information http://www.planclimat.paris.fr/ CONTACT Yann FRANÇOISE Manager of climate protection plan and energy strategy of Paris Urban ecology agency yann.francoise@paris.fr Thank You ! ขอบคุณครับ ! Cám ơn Khob chai शुक्रिया ! Merci !

61. FOCUS on TRANPORTS

62. Paris transport figures 6,000 streets = 1,700 km 2.7 million movements by car a day 1.2 million movements a day on Périphérique 3.6 million movements a day by walk Public transportation 360 metro stations , 60 bus lines 3 billions trips a year 15,000 cabs 2,000 tourist coaches/day Goods 30 million tons/year 90% by trucks, 7% by river Security 8,569 accidents (10% France) - 50 road deaths a year Distance movements in Paris

64. Public transport : Buses inside city of Paris Bus 64 lines 600 km 1,400 stations 1 million travellers/day

65. Public transport : regional mass transit

66. Focus on GHG balance of transportation People transportation 1,750,000 t.Ceq. Parisians flight Road inside Road outside Public transport Road transit Road inner freight flight import freight import freight flight export Goods transportation 1,750,000 t.Ceq. Transport des marchandises 1 750 000 t Eq. C freight export Freight inner freight river freight railway

69. Actions : sustainable mobility Bicycles 500 km of bicycles lanes by 2010 2008-2014 : +400km Vélib’ : 23,000 bicycles 1,700 stations 30 cities around Paris Electric mobility Autolib’ Hybrid cabs Electric motorbikes and bikes incentives Improve quality of pedestrian way

70. FOCUS on City planning & Networks

71. Climate change and city planning :improving the life quality 17 sectors in urban renewal (10% Paris surface area)

72. Climate change and town planning :improving the quality of life 17 sectors in urban renewal (10% Paris area) Developing renewable energy Solar system 2 Former roofs plants transform in solar plant (3500m²+2100m²) A project of a solar plant with 20,000 m² cells Developing the heat district network (50% incinerated wastes) Using other carbonless energy (woods, muds, geothermy, methane from wastes) Test new systems Micro-hydraulic on the river Micro wind system above the buildings roofs Increase green park/building ratio Buildings low energy or energy supplier Developing waste pick up by tube Improving neighborhood relationship

73. Developing a solar strategy and planning for Paris Multi-scales researches Potential map survey, global Paris (solar and all RES) Identification of gross roof (flat and well oriented) owner 25,000 m² identified on public (city) buildings Special survey (technical and economic) to check Study about the opportunity to create a public-private joint venture company to implement solar plant in Paris Renewable area, obligation to implement solar systems Halle Pajol : former plant 3,500 sqm for 380 MWh/year

74. Paris water network 01/01/2010 A new public company for managing water production and supply to Parisians 550,000 m3/day by residential and tertiary Drinkable water from local sources and from 150km around ! 2 networks 1,800 km of drinkable water for Parisians 1,000 km of non-drinkable water for parks and to clean streets Losses : 3,53% Cost : 2,89€/m3

75. Paris city sewage network Date of Birth : 1870 2,400 km of sewer tunnel 450 people for management Mutiservices tunnel 1,700 km electric cables Phone cables 1,800km drinkable water pipes 140 km of cooling water pipes

76. Paris and region sewage network

77. SIAAP: biggest Europe sewage treatment association 300 cities around Paris 2.5 million m3/day treated 1,700 employees 8.5 million inhabitants concerned 1,980 km² area water collected Environmental engagement Good water quality rejected Valorization of sludge Use inside biogas Use water strength

78. Reduce waste impact (2005-2010 : -15%)promote waste sorting and recycling Waste : 1,200,000 t/year -> screening at sources Waste pick-up (1/3 private, 2/3 Administration) Daily for ordinary waste Twice a week for glasses, papers, wraps… At demand for big objects 7,000 employees Treatment (syndicate : 84 cities) Recycle Incineration (heat network) Methanisation (current project by 2012) Dumps controlled 2002-2008 : -7% waste

79. District heating network : massive RES supplier Developing the heat district network Steam network, 40bar, 295°C Concessionaire 1927-2017 2nd European network 440 km pipes 500,000 eq. housings 7,200 GWh/y Current mix 46% wastes incinerated 27% Gas 19% Coal 8% oil 1.5 million ton CO2eq/a avoided

82. 20 GWh/year

83. CO2 discharges avoided :

84. 10,000 tons / year

85. Drinking Water savings :

88. 1,320,000 flats

89. 70 million m²

90. 16,500 GWh/y

91. ~240 kWh/m²/y

93. 300,000 companies

94. 50 million m²

95. 16,000 GWh/y

96. ~320 kWh/m²/y

97. 850,000 tons eq CO2

98. Municipal buildings

99. 3,0000 equipments

100. 2,5 million m²

101. 850 GWh/y

102. 50 to 600 kWh/m²/y

105. 50 kWh/m²/y new buildings

106. 2011-2016 : 100 schools retrofits a year = -35%

107. 2008-2014 : +25,000 m² solars cells

108. Performance energy contracting

109. Solutions & finance

110. Engineering innovation

111. PPP (20 years) Cost for 100 schools : 30M€

112. Roofsrenting ?

113. Profit-sharingof private companies and civil servants

114. Difficulties

115. Very various buildings stock

116. New Public buildings increase every year

117. Reducing energy consumption ≠ reduction the bill

118. Finance resources

121. 50 kWh/m²/y new flats

122. 2008-2014 : +40,000 new flats

123. 30% in 2008, 50% in 2009, 100% from 2011

124. 80 kWh/m²/y for retrofitted flats

125. 2008-2012 : 5,000 flats/y occupied

126. Implementing solar thermic cells on flat roofs

127. Difficulties

128. Retrofit : a challenge with people in

129. Energy bill paid by tenant

130. Work paid by owner

131. Negotiate a increase rent to finance

132. Eco-efficient work must reduce the energy consumption larger than energy price increasing

133. Financial costs

134. 50 kWh/m²/y new flats

135. 2009 : +350€/m² -> 35M€ & 65M€ (2011)

136. 80 kWh/m²/y for retrofitted flats

137. 2009 : 20-30 k€/flat ->+40M€

139. Double national financial incentive for eco-efficiency work

140. To 500 1st joint ownerships

141. City & ADEME finance 70% diagnosis costs

142. City increase by +20% national aid

143. Costs : ~500 000€-1 M€

144. 2 sectors of Paris (400+300 residential buildings)

145. City pays energy efficiency diagnosis

146. City pays an assistant to help joint ownership to make the work sheet (technical, finance…)

147. Difficulties

148. Lots of old protected buildings

149. In France, Mayor can’t oblige retrofit work and create own eco-efficiency rules.

150. Lots of owner backer

151. Owner paid the work and can’t share the cost with tenant.

152. Tenant pick up savings

153. At least 75% people of joint ownership must be OK for eco-efficient energy work

155. Adaptation Reduce flood impact Reduce heat waves impact Greening Paris Improve building quality Preserve biodiversity Change behaviour, help Parisians understanding 15% higher 1910 flood

156. Heat waves Summer 2003 : +5,700 deaths people cause heat waves Summer 2060 = Summer 2003, Will we be ready ?

157. Urban Heat Island development Difference of 8°C between inner city and forest 40km outside Paris in southern Europe by 2100

158. Greening Paris Currently 2,600 ha of woods 478 gardens and parks 2001-2008 : +32ha 4,000 employees Program to reduce water consumption No more fertilizer and pesticides (quite) Projection 2008-2014 : +30ha Greening streets, roofs and walls Create biodiversity corridor Use only local species Preserve green space versus buildings

159. Biodiversity : green and blues lanes

160. Develop biodiversity corridor

161. Biodiversity List, know and diffuse

162. Parisians awareness, communication Annual event around climate change and energy savings 5,000 visitors Exhibitions, stands, conferences, movies… Regular campaigns about energy efficiency Environment education centers 30,000 pupils a year 1st winter thermal picture of Paris and its buildings Creation of Climate Paris Agency

163. More information http://www.planclimat.paris.fr/ CONTACT Yann FRANÇOISE Manager of climate protection plan and energy strategy of Paris Urban ecology agency yann.francoise@paris.fr Thank You ! Merci !