Vinayagam M is the director of eSilicon Labs in India. The document discusses various media services including IPTV, OTT services like Netflix, content delivery networks, and adaptive bitrate streaming. It provides details on how IPTV and OTT services work, differences between the two, examples of major OTT providers like Netflix, and technologies used for adaptive bitrate streaming including HLS, HDS, and MPEG-DASH.

1. IP MEDIA SERVICES
VINAYAGAM M
DIRECTOR
eSILICON LABS, INDIA
eSILICON LABS 2015 1

2. Media Services
IPTV
OTT
Netflix
CDN
ABR
Agenda
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3. Media Services
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4. • Terrestrial TV
• Satellite TV
• Cable TV
• Mobile TV
• IPTV
Traditional Media Services
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5. Media Services Trends
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6. • Interactive TV
• Video on demand (VOD)
• Time shifted
− Catch-up TV (replays a TV show that was broadcast hours or days ago)
− Start-over TV(replays the current TV show from its beginning)
IPTV
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7. • Content: the media (video, audio)
• Video Head end: converts the content into suitable format, e.g. MPEG2, MPEG4
• Service Provider IP Network: the backbone network of the service provider (or
multiple service providers).
• Service Provider Access Network: often called the “last mile” to the users premise
(house, office). Technologies such as ADSL, FTTH and Ethernet
• Home Network: set-top-box, TV’s, PCs, Smart TV, game consoles and etc…)
Video
Headend
Content Service Provider IP
Network
Service Provider
Access Network
Home Network
IPTV Network Elements
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8. • Broadcast
• Unicast
• Multicast
IP Media Transfer
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9. • Broadcast (send to everyone)
− Mainly used for TV guide distribution, and informational updates
• Unicast (send to individual)
− video-on-demand of specialise content
− Unicast allows an individual to view content whenever desired,
but is expensive (in terms of network overhead)
• Multicast (send to group of users)
− Main form of delivery, especially for popular content
− Users select a channel/content (equivalent of joining multicast
group), and that is efficiently delivered to all users
− Even used for video-on-demand (even for specialised content,
likely there will be multiple users wanting to watch at the same
time)
IPTV Delivery
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10. • Delivery of audio, video, and other media over the Internet without the
involvement of a multiple-system operator
• The Internet provider may be aware of the contents of the Internet
Protocol packets but is not responsible for, nor able to control, the viewing
abilities, copyrights, and/or other redistribution of the content.
OTT (Over The Top)
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11. • Easy to get confused OTT with IPTV, but the key difference is that IPTV is provided
over managed networks.
• IPTV networks fully manage and control the traffic, delay and bandwidth
characteristics, so as to guarantee a predictable viewer experience.
• OTT in particular refers to content that arrives from a third party – such as Netflix,
Hulu, Amazon, YouTube and is delivered to an end-user device, leaving the ISP
only the role of transporting IP packets.
OTT vs IPTV
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12. $7.99 per month
$8.39 per month
OTT Service Providers
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13. NETFLIX
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14. • Netflix pokes fun at Amazon with explosive new drone-delivery video
• Amazon Prime Air is a conceptual drone-based delivery system currently in
development by
NETFLIX
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15. • The company was established in 1997 and is headquartered in California and
started its subscription-based service in 1999.
• Netflix grew as DVD sales fell from 2006 to 2011
• By 2009, Netflix was offering a collection of 100,000 titles on DVD and had
surpassed 10 million subscribers.
• On February 25, 2007, Netflix delivered its billionth DVD.
• As of October 2015, Netflix reported 69.17 million subscribers worldwide,
including more than 43 million in the U.S.
NETFLIX
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16. • While numerous companies throughout the world have started OTT services, it
can be argued that Netflix of the United States is the most successful.
• Originally, DVD rental-via-mail business
• Netflix online allows you to watch as many videos as you want for a flat monthly
rate – all conveniently streamed directly to your home. Initially only viewable on
a PC-based player, Netflix now supports direct playback on a wide variety of
devices including game consoles, mobile devices and Internet connected TV sets.
NETFLIX
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17. NETFLIX
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18. HOW IT WORKS?
• simply, it is a web server.
• Viewing devices use the exact same technologies and protocols as any standard website.
• As with accessing any web page, the client device uses the HTTP GET command to retrieve a file from a particular
web server. The host to access and the specific file asset are identified by the familiar URL
• http://euronews.com/sport
NETFLIX
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19. NETFLIX
Delivering Methods
- Fixed rate – early streaming system
- Chunks: TV contents divided into multiple
segments.(actual size of chunks is
dependent on the bit rate encoding)
- Screen size, bit-rate, internet connection
etc. will be handles
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20. CDN (Contents Delivery Network)
- Players network is divided into Contents Providers and Service Providers
CDN
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21. Cache server / Origin server
- Sometimes many cache servers are needed.
Once content is requested by a client, the network first checks if it is available in a cache server, and if not,
the content is then pulled in from the origin server to the cache.
CDN
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22. Sample protocol files (Manifest files)
- Manifest files are divided into several files.
- Master file has the list of bit files
CDN
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23. CDN
Sample protocol files (Manifest files)
- The master file lists the bit rates available for a particular movie. Each bit rate is
linked to another manifest, which lists in sequence, the URLs of each file chunk for
that bit rate.
- To date, the format of the manifest file and detailed adaptive bit rate mechanisms
have been vendor specific.
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24. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) based system
- IP network (data transmission): UDP system and TCP system
- UDP is good for Multicasting (IPTV is using this).
CDN
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25. Multi-rate Encoding system
- Latest = Adaptive Bit Rate Network.
- Different Devices use different bit-rates
Adaptive Bitrate Control
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26. • Detecting a user's bandwidth and CPU capacity in real time and
adjusting the quality of a video stream accordingly
• Requires the use of an encoder which can encode a single source
video at multiple bit rates
• The player client switches between streaming the different encodings
depending on available resources
• The result: very little buffering, fast start time and a good experience
for both high-end and low-end connections
Adaptive Bitrate Streaming
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27. • Multi-screen services are based on ABR and video streaming over HTTP.
• HLS - from Apple (HTTP Live Streaming)
• HSS - from Microsoft (HTTP Smooth Streaming)
• HDS - from Adobe (HTTP Dynamic Streaming)
• MPEG-DASH from MPEG.
ABR (Adaptive Bitrate) Technologies
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29. • HLS stands for HTTP Live Streaming and is Apple’s proprietary
streaming format based on MPEG2-TS. It’s popular since it provides the
only way to deliver advanced streaming to iOS devices.
• HDS stands for HTTP Dynamic Streaming and is Adobe’s format to
deliver fragmented mp4 files (fMP4). HLS uses MPEG-2 Part 1, while
HDS uses MPEG-4 Part 14 and Part 12.
• MPEG-DASH. MPEG, the standards body responsible for MPEG-2 and MPEG-4, is
addressing dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) through the
use of four key profiles—two around CFF for fMP4 and two for MPEG-2 TS.
ABR (Adaptive Bitrate) Technologies
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30. Recommended Bit-rates and Network Speed
- Codec used: initially VC-1 for video and WMA
for audio, now H.264 (AVC), VC-1, H.263 and
H.265 (HEVC) for video, and Dolby Digital,
Dolby Digital Plus, AAC and Ogg Vorbis for
audio.
- According to Netflix, encode the same title 120
different times before it can be delivered.
- Netflix uses adaptive bitrate streaming
technology to adjust the video and audio
quality to match a customer’s broadband
connection speed and real-time network
conditions.
Quality Required download speed
Minimum (low) 1.5Mbit/s
DVD quality (480p) 3Mbit/s
HD (720p) 5Mbit/s
Super HD (1080p) 7Mbit/s
3D Streaming 12Mbit/s
4K UHD (2160p) 25Mbit/s
ABR (Adaptive Bitrate) Technologies
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31. Future Media Services
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32. THANK YOU
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