Indonesia has committed to conserving 20 million hectares of coastal and marine areas by 2020. As of 2013, Indonesia had designated over 15 million hectares as marine protected areas across 131 sites. Management effectiveness of the sites is evaluated using a standardized tool, with 100 sites assessed in 2013 and 2014. The results showed that most sites were only established or managed at a minimum level, with few achieving optimal management. Efforts to improve management include capacity building, periodic evaluations, management effectiveness awards, and the establishment of a national marine protected area trust fund to help address limited funding.

1. Management Effectiveness of
Marine Protected Areas in Indonesia:
Progress and Present Status
Agus Dermawan, Suraji
Directorate for Conservation of Area and Fish Species, Ministry of Marine Affairs and
Fisheries, Jakarta, Indonesia
Ari Soemodinoto, Sutraman
Marine Program, The Nature Conservancy Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Handoko A. Susanto
RARE, Bogor, Indonesia

2. Introduction
• Starting 2010, we develop a national MPA
system based on management effectiveness
(with support of donors and partners NGOs).
• The national MPA system also guide us on how
to achieve the commitment.
Government of Indonesia
has committed to set
aside 20 million
hectares, in 2020, of its
coastal and marine
environment for
conservation purposes.

3. INDONESIA MARINE PROTECTED AREAS
No Conservation Areas Number of Area Area (Ha)
A Initiated by MOF 32 4,694,947.55
- Marine National Parks 7 4,043,541.30
- Marine Nature Recreation Parks 14 491,248.00
- Wildlife Reserves 5 5,678.25
- Marine Nature Preserves 6 154,480.00
B Initiated by Local
Governments and MMAF
99 11,069,263,30
- Marine National Park 1 3,521,130.01
- Marine Nature Reserve 3 445,630.00
- MarineRecreation Park 6 1,541,040,20
- District Marine Protected Area 89 5,561,463,09
Total 131 15,764,210.85
Source: MMAF, Dec 2013
Mid. Dev. Target (RPJM II): 15.5 Millions Ha by 2014; 20 Million Ha by 2020
http://kkji.kp3k.kkp.go.id/sig/

4. PROGRESS
• It has a ‘management
effectiveness’ component 
consists of E-KKP3K/E-MPA tool;
management effectiveness
assessment database; and practice
of periodic self- and by-outside-
parties evaluations.
• It also has capacity building
component (MPA planning and
management; MPA monitoring &
evaluation).
• Both to achieve MPA Award and
receive incentives from National
MPA Trust Fund.

5. EVALUATION EFFECTIVENESSOF MARINE
PROTECTEDAREA MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA
No. Criteria
16 Impact MPA mgt for community welfare
17 Sustainable Financing
MPA SUSTAIN
(SELF-RELIANT)
(5)
MPA Optimally
Managed
(4)
MPA
Managed @
Minimum
(3)
MPA
Established
(2)
MPA
Initiated
(1)
1 Initiative proposal
2 Identification and inventarisation
3 Area designation
4 Management unit and staff
5 Management plan and zoning development
6 Infrastructures development
7 Budget allocation for management
8 Legalization of management plan and zoning
9 SOPs for management developed
10 Mgt operation based on mgt plan and zoning
11 MPA enactment by Minister
12 MPA boundaries marking
13 Institutionalization
14 Ecosystem and resources management
15 Socio economic and culture mgt
(8)
(11)
(21)
(28)
(6)
(74)

6. • In 2013, of 15,76 million ha marine
conservation area, 3.6 million ha
are projected to be effectively
managed.
• Results of 2013 (baseline) and
2014 assessment using E-KKP3K
(Indonesian MPAME tool):
• 100 MPAs assessed
Level / Rating Definition
Number of MPAs
2013 2014
1: Red MPA is initiated/reserved 44 40
2: Yellow <50% MPA is established 32 31
2: Yellow >50% MPA is established 15 12
3: Green <50%
MPA is minimally
managed
4 9
3: Green >50%
MPA is minimally
managed
5 7
4: Blue <50% MPA is optimally managed 0 0
MANAGEMENT
STATUS

7. http://kkji.kp3k.kkp.go.id/index.php/status-ekkp3k-2013
http://kkji.kp3k.kkp.go.id/index.php/dokumen/finish/50-status-e-kkp3k-tahun-2013/560-report-sabang-e-kkp3k-2013

8. E-MPA Awards
• Objectives:
(1) to give incentives to MPA management unit; and
(2) to encourage MPA management units to improve their
performance (thus their effectiveness).
• The award will be presented every two-year, and the inaugural
event was held in December 17, 2013.
• The awards were consisted of 1 for special category (MPA favorite);
5 for successful pilot MPAs; and 17 for accelerated MPA
development.
• We strongly believe that this award had encouraged change of
status of several MPAs

9. Trust Fund for MPA Development
• One of many challenges facing by MPA development in
Indonesia is limited funding; in many cases they are
insufficient to support effective management of MPA.
• National MPATrust Fund aims at making available the
needed fund to compliment existing fund and directed
specifically for program development, implementation
and management.
• It is still on its infancy and we are still looking the best
approach for the mechanisms (although a presidential
regulation on trust fund is already available, i.e.
PerPres RI No. 80/2011 onTrust Fund).

10. THANK YOU
TERIMA KASIH web: kkji.kp3k.kkp.go.id