Een korte introductie van (free)BSD, op 'LInux wereld' 2009. Door Albert Mietus. De BSD open-source OS'en heb een groot voordeel tov Linux: de licentie. Vooral voor embedded systemen (en R&D afdelingen van embedded/RT/Technische producten) heeft dat voordelen ...

1. 1
Linux-World 2009
*BSD,
het echte vrije OpenSource OS
Mijn missie:
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago
Tensegrity is a blend of ‘tensional’ and ‘integrity’, a
synergy of balanced tension and compression. The
poles in a tensegrity-tower seem to float in air.
Although they might look confusing, these structures
are really very simple. All you need is to be very
methodical when building them.
It is an architectural principle for sky-high building
and an example for SW engineering!
(C) Albert Mietus
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
An non-technical overview of free, open & gratis software. And why you should consider
them to use in your product. Instead of Linux!

2. About ‘Albert’
2
• Embedded R&D Architect
• Columnist, Writer, Chairman; Trainer, ...
• Open-source, Unix, SW-Development practices & processes
Mijn missie:
80% 20%
Software Beter Maken  Past, professional Nice things
Product, Proces, Imago
Consultant [PTS]  Advice
 Embedded QuickStart Linux  Training
An non-technical overview of free, open &
consider them to use in your product.
 Research
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
R&D Architect
gratis software. And why you should
[JVH Gaming]
Linux-World 2009
 Increase efficiency (twice or triple!)
 ‘Let go’, due recession Nice topics
Instead of Linux!
 Currently  Open-Source
 Available for you  Version Control
 Code-quality
 OpenSource and similar
 Designing
 FreeBSD, GCC, CVS [user]
(C) Albert Mietus
 ...
 Rfc3164 (syslog) [assisted]
 Main focus: ‘embedded’ • To help YOU

3. *BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
3
An non-technical overview of free, open &
gratis software. And why you should
consider them to use in your product.
Instead of Linux!
(C) Albert Mietus Linux-World 2009
Mijn missie:
Product, Proces, Imago
Software Beter Maken
Linux
FreeBSD
netBSD
openBSD
History of Unix

4. History of Open/Free Unix
4
• It starts around 1990:
 Introduction of i386
The first “cheap” processor with the
Mijn missie:
power to run Unix (due the MMU)
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago
*BSD inherits from the origin
 FreeBSD
An non-technical overview of free, open &
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
• Mainstream, great in ‘ports’
Linux-World 2009
• Unix of cheap hardware (i386)
Instead of Linux!
 netBSD
• Runs anything, extremely portable
 openBSD
• Secure, out of the box
(C) Albert Mietus
Linux is a (very good) ‘look alike’

5. ‘Embedded Unix’ (1)
5
• Traditionally, embedded systems are very,
very, very small and low cost
 They where usually also ‘real time’
Mijn missie:
 They used special (or non) OS’es
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago Example: remote control, €5 calculator
Things change …
An non-technical overview of free, open &
• The hw becomes much faster
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
Linux-World 2009
• Systems becomes ‘bigger’ [IPhone]
• Everybody uses them (volume) [routers]
Instead of Linux!
A router used to be an expensive embedded device
• Embedded-sw becomes more complex
Cost reduction only in R&D time!
(C) Albert Mietus
Embedded Unix is becoming popular
• for modern embedded systems (majority)
• Starting around 1996 … 2000, still growing

6. ‘Embedded Unix’ (2)
6
Used in very many systems
 Routers [often BSD]
 Firewalls, ‘security’ [same]
Mijn missie:
 Multi-media
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago  Beamers [HP uses Linux]
 Navigation [TomTom: Linux]
An non-technical overview of free, open &
 Destop/Servers [Apple uses BSD]
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
• Both Linux and *BSD
Linux-World 2009
• As well as other OS’es
Instead of Linux!
• There is no clear ‘leader’
 There are some trends
• Security: (open)BSD
• Hype/media attention: Linux
(C) Albert Mietus
 Pragmatic:
• That what you (lead) engineers did know

7. *BSD ‘versions’
7
They are a bit like ‘distributions’ but aren’t
1. FreeBSD
 TinyBSD
 picoBSD (dead)
 nanoBSD
Mijn missie:  miniBSD (dead?)
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago  pfSense
2. OpenBSD
An non-technical overview of free, open &
3. NetBSD
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
Linux-World 2009
• Dragon FlyBSD
Instead of Linux!
• PC-BSD
• DesktopBSD
 FreeSBIE (dead)
(C) Albert Mietus
 openDarwin (dead)
1. pureDarwin

8. Linux versus *BSD (1)
8
• End-users & programmers
 It’s the same!
• Only a few technical differences
Mijn missie:  Same tools/applications (“3th party”)
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago • X/Desktop, gcc, emacs, apache, …
• open-source tools typical run on both
An non-technical overview of free, open &
– Some commercial tools may differ
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
– FreeBSD can even run Linux binaries!
Linux-World 2009
• Marketing:
Instead of Linux!
 Linux “sells”
• Sometimes ‘BSD inside’
But: ‘Linux outside’ (meaning: open source)
 Hire people?
(C) Albert Mietus
• Other people will respond!
– Linux gives more responds; many “wanabees”

9. Linux versus *BSD (2)
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• Concept, Philosophy
 Kernel versus complete OS
• Linux is a kernel only; with GNU/
Mijn missie:
OpenSource tools
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago  Many “distro’s” versus “well organized”
• There is no ‘common Linux’ OS!
An non-technical overview of free, open &
• BSD variants share common grounds; differ in goal
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
• BSD has 15+ years of version control, for everything!
Linux-World 2009
 History:
Instead of Linux!
• BSD: Unix background, experience people
– Cheap PC [it started with 386BSD]
– Engineering background
• Linux: PC background; young people
(C) Albert Mietus
– Study to MMU capabilities [again: i386]
– Driven by enthusiasm (mainly)

10. Linux versus *BSD (3)
10
• Copyright
 ‘GNU’ GPL versus BSD
• GPL(2) is more a statement then a copyright
• BSD-copyright is more clear (for lawyers)
Software Beter Maken
Mijn missie:
• No need/risk to give your IP away!
Product, Proces, Imago – BSD is ‘more free’ for companies
 BSD-Copyright
An non-technical overview of free, open &
• Basically: “Do not blame us and good luck”
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
• You are allowed to change it
Linux-World 2009
• You are allowed to sell it [even unchanged]
Instead of Linux!
• You MAY, never MUST distribute the/your source!
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
(C) Albert Mietus
and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
distribution.
3. Is deleted
4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or
promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

11. Beastie versus Tux
11
As this is ‘Linux-World’,
I needed to include at least one tux …
Mijn missie:
Software Beter Maken
Product, Proces, Imago
An non-technical overview of free, open &
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
Linux-World 2009
Instead of Linux!
(C) Albert Mietus
Image-Google: ‘Tux Beastie’,
Beastie always wins! (this is the nice one:-)

12. *BSD, the true free OpenSource OS
12
Conclusions
 *BSD is less known
• But heavily used by ‘big’ expert-companies
– Did I mention ‘hosting’, ‘mail’, …?
Software Beter Maken
Mijn missie:
• *BSD is also Unix, *BSD is also OpenSource, …
Product, Proces, Imago • Linux is very similar to *BSD (Techno-historical correct)
 *BSD is sound ‘engineered’
An non-technical overview of free, open &
• Better then Linux. But I’m biased
consider them to use in your product.
*BSD, het echt vrije OpenSource OS.
gratis software. And why you should
 *BSD’s BSD-copyright is more free
Linux-World 2009
• At least for use in commercial devices
Instead of Linux!
• Scared of the GPL? Use BSD!
Questions
 http://www.FreeBSD.org
(C) Albert Mietus
Also: www.openBSD.org, www.netBSD.org, …
 http://d-bug.nl (zombie)
 NOW, as long as there is time …