ADVANCED WASTE WATER TREATMENT

1. PRESENTED
BY-
SAURABH
GUPTA

2. BIOFOR Technology includes Intensified Aerobic treatment
with Dense-Deg & BIOFER.BIOFOR filters are aerobic or
anoxic biological reactors that use attached growth
technology for application in municipal or industrial
wastewater treatment. The BIOFOR technology can be
applied to aerobic carbonaceous BOD5 removal and to
nitrification and Denitrification.
MAIN FEATURES
•Upflow filtration in which feedwater flow expands the filter
media leading to an even distribution of the biomass
throughout the bed
•Co-current flow of feedwater and air prevents short
circuiting and also extends the length of filter run times
•Quick adaptability to flow and load variations
•Enhanced primary treatment with addition of coagulants and
flocculants
•High rate primary tube settlers and integrated thickening
offers space economy

3. Contd...
•Two stage high rate filtration through a biologically
active media and with enhanced external aeration.
•Deep reactors enabling low land requirements.
•A compact and robust system.
•Very limited odour production.

4. HOW IT WORKS
The effluent to be treated enters continuously from
the bottom of the reactor and is distributed over the
entire filter surface area by the nozzle underdrain.
The water then passes through the Biolite filter
media which retains the suspended solids.
Carbonaceous and nitrogenous pollution is
eliminated through the high concentration of fixed-
film biomass which is retained on the filter media
during the filtration cycle. Process air is introduced
continuously into the lower part of the reactor by air
diffusers .BIOFOR employs a proprietary dense
granular support media that acts as a biological
contactor as well as a filter, thus eliminating the
need for a separate clarification step. Exceptionally
high oxygen transfer is achieved in the media due to

6. Process Flow Diagram of STP based on BIOFOR at Sen Nursing Home
Drain, Delhi

7. The DensaDeg Clarifier/Thickener is a high-rate solids contact clarifier which
combines optimized flocculation, internal and external sludge recirculation, and
plate settling in two conjoined vessels to maximize hydraulic loading and
treatment efficiencies. The proprietary blend of energy input and high volume
solids recirculation reduces waste volumes and results in rapid settling operation
and high quality treated water.

8. BIOFOR MEDIA
BIOLITE filter material with rough & porous surface
are particularly used in BIOFOR for treatment. The
multi-porous structure provides 6-8 times large
surface compared to other bio-media. Its highly
penetrative porous structure enables the aerobic
nitrifying bacteria’s nitrification and
anaerobic denitrifying bacteria’s denitrification.
BIOLITE media used in
BIOFOR

9. PERFORMANCE
•Suspended solids removal and BOD removal of
90% and 70% respectively in the primary clarifier
•High quality effluent with BOD under 10 mg/l and
total system efficiency of 94-99.9%
•Low turbidity with suspended solids under15 mg/l
•Pathogen removal of 2 on log scale

10. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS
•Addition of alum as coagulant(~@60ppm).
•Polyelectrolyte for high rate
sedimentation(~@around 0.2-0.3ppm) in tube
settlers.
•Special granular filter media ‘biolite’ made of clay.
•Backwash of BIOFER bed and recycle of
wastewater.
•Treatment(digestion) and disposal of sludge from
clarifier(not provided at STPs due to space
limitations).
ENERGY REQUIREMENT
•220-335KWh/ML treated. Approximately double of ASP
LAND REQUIREMENT
•0.04 hectares per MLD installed capacity(excluding
land requirement for sludge drying beds).Much

11. SLUDGE PRODUCTION
•Thickened sludge @1000KG/MLD water treated
CAPITAL COSTS
•Rs. 6.5-8.1 million per MLD capacity . More than
double that of ASP
O&M COSTS
•Rs.0.86 million/year/MLD installed capacity . Much
higher than ASP.

12. PHYSIO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF BIOFOR STP located at Dr. Sen Nursing Home
drain, DelhiParameters PH TSS BOD COD
MONTH 2013 INLET OUTLE
T
INLET OUTLET INLET OUTLET INLET OUTLET
JANUARY 7.03 6.8 969 17 306 3 925 13
FEBRUARY 7.4 7.3 448 14 115 10 296 36
MARCH 7.3 7.2 324 12 140 8 460 32
APRIL 7.4 7.3 328 14 100 9 368 32
MAY 7.4 7.3 344 14 145 8 324 44
MAXIMUM 7.4 7.3 969 17 306 10 925 44
MINIMUM 7.03 6.8 324 12 100 3 296 13
AVERAGE 7.3 7.2 483 14.2 161 27.6 475 31.4
% REDUCTION 97% 95.2% 93.4%
Microbial Analysis of BIOFOR based STP
PARAMETERS INLET OUTLET
TOTAL
COLIFORM(MPN/100ML)
97 X10^6 42X10^5
FECAL
COLIFORM(MPN/100ML)
24 X10^7 23 X10^4

15. ADVANTAGES
•COMPACT LAYOUT AS A RESULT OF HIGH RATE
PROCESSES
•HIGHER AERATION EFFICIENCY THROUGH CO-CURRENT
DIFFUSED AERATION SYSTEM
•SPACE SAVING AS SECONDARY SEDIMENTATION IS
DISPENSED
•ABLE TO WITHSTAND FLUCTUATIONS IN FLOW RATE AND
ORGANIC LOADS
•COMPLIANCE WITH STRICTER DISCHARGE STANDARDS
•EFFLUENT SUITABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
•EFFLUENT SUITABLE FOR UV DISINFECTION WITHOUT
FILTRATION
•ABSENCE OF AEROSOL AND ODOUR NUISANCE IN THE
WORKING AREA
•ABSENCE OF CORROSIVE GASES IN THE AREA
•LOW OPERATION SUPERVISION ENABLES LESSER
MANPOWER REQUIREMENT

16. DISADVANTAGES
•CONTINUOUS AND HIGH CHEMICAL DOSING IN PRIMARY
CLARIFICATION
•UNDIGESTED SLUDGE FROM PRIMARY CLARIFICATION
REQUIRING POST TREATMENT

17. CONCLUSION
• BIOFOR technology is being used as an advanced aerobic method for
sewage treatment as an alternative to conventional aerobic treatment
technologies.
• Results of STPs based on BIOFOR Technology indicate that BOD, COD
& Suspended Solids
removal efficiencies were noted to be 95.2%, 93.4% and 97% respectively,
that indicates efficient removal of the parameters.
•As compared to other treatment technologies, area requirement is lowest
for BIOFOR which is around 500m2/MLD.
• Energy requirement is 220 kWh/d/MLD which is high as continuous high
rate aeration is required to be provided in Biofiltration tank.
• The technology was found to be quite satisfactory in removal of Fecal
Coliform from the wastewater though not efficient enough in removal of
Total Coliform. However, after disinfection high quality of microbial
population reduction can be achieved.
• Conventional Treatment technology such as ASP not only involves
higher initial investments but also incur higher O&M Costs to run the
system based on the same. Thus, BIOFOR systems open up further
possibilities for a more economically and secure sewage treatment
process in India.

18. REFERENCES
•Charu Sharma, S.K Singh Performance Evaluation Of Sewage
Treatment Plant Based On Advanced Aerobic Biological Filtration
And Oxygenated Reactor (BIOFOR) Technology- A Case Study Of
Capital City -Delhi, India
•http://cseindia.org Innovative Technologies for Urban Waste
Water Treatment
•http://www.degremont-technologies.com/
•COMPENDIUM OF SEWAGE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
,NATIONAL RIVER CONSERVATION DIRECTORATE MINISTRY
OF ENVIRONMENT & FORESTS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA