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The Future of Financial Regulation

The Post Crisis World of Finance Conference

               June 16, 2011




                 Allen Ferrell

    Greenfield Professor of Securities Law

            Harvard Law School

                                              1
ABX Index
                                          ABX.HEAAA Closing Prices since Jan 2007


110.000

105.000

100.000

 95.000

 90.000

 85.000

 80.000

 75.000

 70.000

 65.000

 60.000

 55.000

 50.000
          7   7   7   7   7   7   7   7    7      7    7    7   7    7       7   7     7    7     7   7    7   7   7   7   7   8   8   8   8
          0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0      0    0    0   0    0       0   0     0    0     0   0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
          0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0      0    0    0   0    0       0   0     0    0     0   0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
          2
          /   2
              /   2
                  /   2
                      /   2
                          /   2
                              /   2
                                  /   2
                                      /    2
                                           /      2
                                                  /    2
                                                       /    2
                                                            /   2
                                                                /    2
                                                                     /       2
                                                                             /   2
                                                                                 /     2
                                                                                       /    2
                                                                                            /     2
                                                                                                  /   2
                                                                                                      /    2
                                                                                                           /   2
                                                                                                               /   2
                                                                                                                   /   2
                                                                                                                       /   2
                                                                                                                           /   2
                                                                                                                               /   2
                                                                                                                                   /   2
                                                                                                                                       /   2
                                                                                                                                           /
          5   8
              /   2   8
                      /   2   5
                              /   9   3
                                      /    7      1    4    8   2    6       9
                                                                             /   3     6
                                                                                       /    0     4
                                                                                                  /   8    1
                                                                                                           /   5   9   3   7   0   4   7
                                                                                                                                       /   1
          2
          /   2   2
                  /   3   2
                          /   4   1
                                  /   5    1
                                           /      3
                                                  /    1
                                                       /    2
                                                            /   1
                                                                /    2
                                                                     /       8   2
                                                                                 /     9    2
                                                                                            /     0   1
                                                                                                      /    1   1
                                                                                                               /   2
                                                                                                                   /   1
                                                                                                                       /   2
                                                                                                                           /   1
                                                                                                                               /   2
                                                                                                                                   /   2   2
                                                                                                                                           /
          1       2       3       4        5      5    6    6   7    7           8          9     1   0    1   1   1   2   2   1   1       2
                                                                                                      1        1   1   1   1

                                               2006-1 AAA       2006-2 AAA           2007-1 AAA       2007-2 AAA




                                                                                                                                               2
CDS Spreads

                                                          Broker CDS Spreads

     450


     400


     350


     300


     250
   d
   a
   e
   r
   p
   S200


     150


     100


      50


       0
            7   7     7       7   7          7        7    7        7        7       7        7     8       8     8      8       8     8
            0
            /   0
                /     0
                      /       0
                              /   0
                                  /          0
                                             /        0
                                                      /    0
                                                           /        0
                                                                    /        0
                                                                             /       0
                                                                                     /        0
                                                                                              /     0
                                                                                                    /       0
                                                                                                            /     0
                                                                                                                  /      0
                                                                                                                         /       0
                                                                                                                                 /     0
                                                                                                                                       /
            1
            /   1
                /     1
                      /       1
                              /   1
                                  /          1
                                             /        1
                                                      /    1
                                                           /        1
                                                                    /        1
                                                                             /       1
                                                                                     /        1
                                                                                              /     1
                                                                                                    /       1
                                                                                                            /     1
                                                                                                                  /      1
                                                                                                                         /       1
                                                                                                                                 /     1
                                                                                                                                       /
            1   2     3       4   5          6        7    8        9        0       1        2     1       2     3      4       5     6
                                                                             1       1        1
                                                                           Date
                Lehman Brothers       Merrill Lynch       Morgan Stanley          Citigroup       Goldman Sachs       JPMorgan Chase

Source:
[1] Bloomberg


                                                                                                                                           3
Housing Sales Data

                  Ye a r-O v e r-Ye a r P e r c e n t C h a n g e in E x istin g S in g le -F a m ily H o m e S a le s
                                                                                            1969 - 2008
6 0 .0 0 %




4 0 .0 0 %




2 0 .0 0 %




  0 .0 0 %




-2 0 .0 0 %




-4 0 .0 0 %




-6 0 .0 0 %
              9   9   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   0     1    2     3    4      5   6   7   8   9     0    1    1    2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   0   1   2   2   3   4   5   6   7   8
              6
              -   6
                  -   7
                      -   7
                          -   7
                              -   7
                                  -   7
                                      -   7
                                          -   7
                                              -   7
                                                  -   7
                                                      -   7
                                                          -   8
                                                              -   8
                                                                  -     8
                                                                        -    8
                                                                             -     8
                                                                                   -    8
                                                                                        -      8
                                                                                               -   8
                                                                                                   -   8
                                                                                                       -   8
                                                                                                           -   8
                                                                                                               -     9
                                                                                                                     -    9
                                                                                                                          -    9
                                                                                                                               -    9
                                                                                                                                    -   9
                                                                                                                                        -   9
                                                                                                                                            -   9
                                                                                                                                                -   9
                                                                                                                                                    -   9
                                                                                                                                                        -   9
                                                                                                                                                            -   9
                                                                                                                                                                -   0
                                                                                                                                                                    -   0
                                                                                                                                                                        -   0
                                                                                                                                                                            -   0
                                                                                                                                                                                -   0
                                                                                                                                                                                    -   0
                                                                                                                                                                                        -   0
                                                                                                                                                                                            -   0
                                                                                                                                                                                                -   0
                                                                                                                                                                                                    -   0
                                                                                                                                                                                                        -
              n   c   v   t   p   g   l   n   y   r   r   b   n   c     v    t     p    g      l   n   y   r   r     b    n    c    v   t   p   g   l   n   y   r   r   b   n   c   v   t   p   g   l   n
              a   e   o   c   e   u   u
                                      J   u   a   p   a   e   a   e     o    c     e    u      u
                                                                                               J   u   a   p   a     e    a    e    o   c   e   u   u
                                                                                                                                                    J   u   a   p   a   e   a   e   o   c   e   u   u
                                                                                                                                                                                                    J   u
              J   D   N   O   S   A       J       A   M   F   J   D     N    O     S    A          J       A   M     F    J    D    N   O   S   A       J       A   M   F   J   D   N   O   S   A       J
                                              M                                                        M                                                    M

                                                                      A c t u a l S a le s %           P re d ic t e d S a le s %




                                                                                                                                                                                                            4
Housing Futures

                       Historical CME Housing Futures ‐ Compsite Index
225


220


215


210


205


200


195


190


185


180


175


170
  Aug‐06   Oct‐06   Dec‐06   Feb‐07            Apr‐07      Jun‐07      Aug‐07            Oct‐07   Dec‐07   Feb‐08   Apr‐08

                                      Aug‐07      Nov‐07   Feb‐08   May‐08      Aug‐08




                                                                                                                             5
Housing Prices

                                                      Year-Over-Year Change in Monthly Housing Prices
                                                               January 1969 - September 2008
   20%

                                                                                                                                     Statistically Significant Price Change

   15%




   10%




    5%




    0%




    -5%




  -10%




  -15%
           9    0   1   2   3   4    5   6   7   8   9   0    1   2   3   4    5   6   7   8   9   0    1   2   3   4   5    6   7   8   9   0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7    8
           6    7   7   7   7   7    7   7   7   7   7   8    8   8   8   8    8   8   8   8   8   9    9   9   9   9   9    9   9   9   9   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0
           9    9   9   9   9   9    9   9   9   9   9   9    9   9   9   9    9   9   9   9   9   9    9   9   9   9   9    9   9   9   9   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0    0
           1    1   1   1   1   1    1   1   1   1   1   1    1   1   1   1    1   1   1   1   1   1    1   1   1   1   1    1   1   1   1   2   2   2   2   2   2   2   2    2



Note: Housing prices are a weighted average of the prices of Northeast (22%), Midwest (22%), West (28%), and South (28%).
Source: Housing prices used are Median Existing Single Family Home Prices retrieved from National Association of Realtors.




                                                                                                                                                                                  6

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The Future of Financial Regulation

  • 1. The Future of Financial Regulation The Post Crisis World of Finance Conference June 16, 2011 Allen Ferrell Greenfield Professor of Securities Law Harvard Law School 1
  • 2. ABX Index ABX.HEAAA Closing Prices since Jan 2007 110.000 105.000 100.000 95.000 90.000 85.000 80.000 75.000 70.000 65.000 60.000 55.000 50.000 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 2 / 5 8 / 2 8 / 2 5 / 9 3 / 7 1 4 8 2 6 9 / 3 6 / 0 4 / 8 1 / 5 9 3 7 0 4 7 / 1 2 / 2 2 / 3 2 / 4 1 / 5 1 / 3 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 2 / 8 2 / 9 2 / 0 1 / 1 1 / 2 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 2 / 2 2 / 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2006-1 AAA 2006-2 AAA 2007-1 AAA 2007-2 AAA 2
  • 3. CDS Spreads Broker CDS Spreads 450 400 350 300 250 d a e r p S200 150 100 50 0 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 1 1 Date Lehman Brothers Merrill Lynch Morgan Stanley Citigroup Goldman Sachs JPMorgan Chase Source: [1] Bloomberg 3
  • 4. Housing Sales Data Ye a r-O v e r-Ye a r P e r c e n t C h a n g e in E x istin g S in g le -F a m ily H o m e S a le s 1969 - 2008 6 0 .0 0 % 4 0 .0 0 % 2 0 .0 0 % 0 .0 0 % -2 0 .0 0 % -4 0 .0 0 % -6 0 .0 0 % 9 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 - 6 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 9 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - 0 - n c v t p g l n y r r b n c v t p g l n y r r b n c v t p g l n y r r b n c v t p g l n a e o c e u u J u a p a e a e o c e u u J u a p a e a e o c e u u J u a p a e a e o c e u u J u J D N O S A J A M F J D N O S A J A M F J D N O S A J A M F J D N O S A J M M M A c t u a l S a le s % P re d ic t e d S a le s % 4
  • 5. Housing Futures Historical CME Housing Futures ‐ Compsite Index 225 220 215 210 205 200 195 190 185 180 175 170 Aug‐06 Oct‐06 Dec‐06 Feb‐07 Apr‐07 Jun‐07 Aug‐07 Oct‐07 Dec‐07 Feb‐08 Apr‐08 Aug‐07 Nov‐07 Feb‐08 May‐08 Aug‐08 5
  • 6. Housing Prices Year-Over-Year Change in Monthly Housing Prices January 1969 - September 2008 20% Statistically Significant Price Change 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Note: Housing prices are a weighted average of the prices of Northeast (22%), Midwest (22%), West (28%), and South (28%). Source: Housing prices used are Median Existing Single Family Home Prices retrieved from National Association of Realtors. 6