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Detail of a BioMAP® System




           Bridging the Gap From In Vitro to In Vivo




1
BioMAP® Technology Platform
       BioMAP                    Reference                        Predictive
    Assay Systems             Profile Database                Informatics Tools




    Human primary cells    Biomarker responses to drugs   Specialized informatics tools are
      Disease-models         are stored in the database   used to predict clinical outcomes
       30+ systems


            Human Biology Integrated into a Robust, Scalable Platform

2
Current Validated BioMAP® Systems
    Primary Human Cell Types                  Disease Relevance                                                   BioMAP*
                                              Th1 and Th2 inflammation, allergy,
    Endothelial cells (EC)                    asthma, dermatitis, angiogenesis, wound healing,
                                                                                                            3C                   4H
                                              restenosis, atherosclerosis
                                              Th1 inflammation, psoriasis, COPD
    EC+lymphocyte+monocytes                                                                                 LPS            SAg          HPNo
                                              fibrosis, monocyte and T cell responses

    EC+Macrophages                            Macrophage responses, arthritis, COPD, fibrosis
                                                                                                        Mphg                     BT
    B cells + T cells                         Immune responses

                                                                                                    HSM3C           HTh2
    EC+Smooth Muscle Cells                    Vascular inflammation, restenosis, atherosclerosis

    EC+Th2 blasts                             Allergy, asthma                                                              HDF3CT
                                                                                                            HDFT

                                              Arthritis, asthma, dermatitis, fibrosis, psoriasis,
    Fibroblasts
                                              wound healing                                         HDF3C                HDFNo     HDF3CGF

    Myofibroblasts                            Fibrosis, COPD, wound healing
                                                                                                                 K3CT                 MyoF
    Keratinocytes                             Psoriasis, dermatitis, wound healing

    Keratinocytes+Fibroblasts                 Psoriasis, dermatitis, wound healing
                                                                                                        KF3CT               KFNo
                                              Th1 and Th2 inflammation
    Bronchial Epithelial Cells
                                              Allergy, asthma, fibrosis, COPD
                                                                                                                  BE3C                 BE4T
    Bronchial Epithelial Cells +Fibroblasts   Asthma, allergy, fibrosis, COPD

    Smooth Muscle Cells                       Vascular inflammation, asthma, COPD, fibrosis                  BF4T            SM3C

3
BioMAP® 3C System
System    Cell Type            Tissue Setting               Biomarkers
                                                         MCP-1, VCAM, CD141,
                             Chronic Th1 Inflammation
         Endothelial Cells                              CD142, ICAM, E-selectin,
                                IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg
                                                        uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR
 3C
Chronic Inflammation Model
 System    Cell Type                      Tissue Setting                 Biomarkers
                                                                      MCP-1, VCAM, CD141,
                                       Chronic Th1 Inflammation
          Endothelial Cells                                          CD142, ICAM, E-selectin,
                                          IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg
                                                                     uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR
 3C

                                                  Multiple
                     Stroke                       Sclerosis



                   Cardiovascular
                      Disease                            Arthritis
                                     Autoimmune
                                       Disease



                                    Respiratory
                                      Disease


                     Heart
                    Disease                           COPD
Biomarker Readouts Are Disease Relevant
 System    Cell Type                      Tissue Setting                 Biomarkers
                                                                      MCP-1, VCAM, CD141,
                                       Chronic Th1 Inflammation
          Endothelial Cells                                          CD142, ICAM, E-selectin,
                                          IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg
                                                                     uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR
 3C

                                                  Multiple
                     Stroke                       Sclerosis



                   Cardiovascular
                      Disease                            Arthritis
                                     Autoimmune
                                       Disease



                                    Respiratory
                                      Disease


                     Heart
                    Disease                           COPD
Biomarkers Cover Diverse Biological Processes
 System         Cell Type                  Tissue Setting                        Biomarkers
                                                                             MCP-1, VCAM, CD141,
                                        Chronic Th1 Inflammation
               Endothelial Cells                                            CD142, ICAM, E-selectin,
                                           IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg
                                                                            uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR
 3C

          Biomarker                                    Biological Process

            MCP-1            Vascular inflammation, monocyte, T cell recruitment
            VCAM             Chronic inflammation, redox stress; monocyte, T cell recruitment
  CD141/Thrombomodulin       Fibrinolysis, thrombosis (-)
      CD142/Tissue Factor    Angiogenesis, coagulation, thrombosis
            ICAM             Acute and chronic inflammation; leukocyte adhesion and recruitment
          E-Selectin         Leukocyte adhesion, neutrophil recruitment, skin T cell recruitment
          CD87/uPAR          Cell migration, proliferation, angiogenesis
             IL-8            Acute inflammation, neutrophil recruitment, angiogenesis
             MIG             Chronic inflammation, T cell recruitment, angiogenesis (-)
           HLA-DR            Th1 immune responses, infection, antigen presentation
Biomarkers Cover Diverse Clinical Indications
 System          Cell Type                Tissue Setting                         Biomarkers
                                                                             MCP-1, VCAM, CD141,
                                       Chronic Th1 Inflammation
               Endothelial Cells                                            CD142, ICAM, E-selectin,
                                          IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg
                                                                            uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR
 3C

          Biomarker                   Clinical Indications (Biomarker or Risk Factor)

            MCP-1           Acute coronary syndrome, Atherosclerosis, Diabetes, Heart disease
            VCAM            Atherosclerosis, Multiple sclerosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Diabetes
  CD141/Thrombomodulin      Coronary artery disease, Lupus, Stroke, Vasculitis
      CD142/Tissue Factor   Coronary Artery Disease, Stroke, Myocardial Infarction
            ICAM            Infection, Acute inflammation, Multiple sclerosis
          E-Selectin        Psoriasis, Diabetes, Cancer
          CD87/uPAR         Atherosclerosis, Cancer, COPD, Restenosis
             IL-8           COPD, Lung cancer (NSCLC), Rheumatoid arthritis, Ulcerative colitis
             MIG            Transplant rejection, Pulmonary sarcoidosis
           HLA-DR           Rheumatoid arthritis, Lupus, Multiple sclerosis, Transplant rejection
Biomarker Levels are Modulated by Drugs
 System        Cell Type                   Tissue Setting                            Biomarkers
                                                                                 MCP-1, VCAM, CD141,
                                        Chronic Th1 Inflammation
             Endothelial Cells                                                  CD142, ICAM, E-selectin,
                                           IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg
                                                                                uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR
 3C

        MCP-1
         VCAM
Thrombomodulin
  Tissue Factor
          ICAM
      E-selectin                                                                     Drug
          uPAR                                                                       Control
            IL-8
            Mig
       HLA-DR
                   0   0.2       0.4     0.6       0.8       1           1.2   1.4   1.6

                                  Relative Level of Protein Expression
Pattern of Biomarker Level Changes -> Profile
Example: p38 MAPK inhibitor
         BioMAP System                                                  Significant Increase
                                                        3C              in Biomarker Level



                          (Drug/DMSO control)
                           Log expression ratio               99% Significance Envelope

                                                                        Significant
                                                                        Decrease in
                                                                        Biomarker Level

                                                  Control
                                                  (no drug)
                                                                        Drug
                                                                        Control


     Biomarkers      (Readout
                  Parameters)

10
Pattern of Biomarker Level Changes -> Profile
Example: p38 MAPK inhibitor
         BioMAP System                                                  Significant Increase
                                                        3C              in Biomarker Level



                          (Drug/DMSO control)
                           Log expression ratio               99% Significance Envelope

                                                                        Significant
                                                                        Decrease in
                                                                        Biomarker Level

                                                  Control
                                                  (no drug)
                                                                        Drug
                                                                        Control


     Biomarkers      (Readout
                  Parameters)

11
BioMAP® Profile of a p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitor
         BioMAP System
                                                        3C



                          (Drug/DMSO control)
                           Log expression ratio               99% Significance Envelope




                                                                Dose
                                                  Control
                                                                Response
                                                  (no drug)
                                                                        Drug




     Biomarkers      (Readout
                  Parameters)

12
Biomarkers Provide Insight on Biological Processes

                             3C            Monocyte recruitment into
                                  MCP-1
                                           inflammatory tissues
     (Drug/DMSO control)
      Log expression ratio




                                  Tissue   Platelet activation and
                                  Factor   thrombosis




                                           Antigen presentation and T cell
                                  HLA-DR
                                           activation



13
Biomarkers Provide Insight on Disease Indications

                                           Acute coronary
                             3C
                                  MCP-1    syndrome, Atherosclerosis, Dia
     (Drug/DMSO control)
      Log expression ratio




                                           betes, Heart Disease



                                           Coronary artery
                                  Tissue
                                           disease, Myocardial
                                  Factor
                                           infarction, Stroke



                                           Rheumatoid
                                  HLA-DR   arthritis, Lupus, Multiple
                                           Sclerosis, Transplant rejection


14
In Vivo Confirmation of BioMAP® Biomarkers
Example: p38 MAPK Inhibitor
                                           Sheryanna A, et al. Inhibition of p38 mitogen-
                                           activated protein kinase is effective in the
                             3C            treatment of experimental crescentic
                                  MCP-1    glomerulonephritis and suppresses monocyte
     (Drug/DMSO control)
      Log expression ratio




                                           chemoattractant protein-1 but not IL-1beta or IL-6.
                                           J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007, 18:1167-79.




                                           Sakurai K, et al. Role of p38 mitogen-activated
                                  Tissue   protein kinase in thrombus formation. J Recept
                                  Factor   Signal Transduct Res. 2004, 24:283-96.




                                           Wada T, et al. Reduction in chronic allograft
                                  HLA-DR   nephropathy by inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated
                                           protein kinase. Am J Nephrol. 2006, 26:319-25.




15
Contacts


 Ellen L. Berg, PhD
 General Manager, BioSeek LLC
 650-416-7621
 eberg@bioseekinc.com
 www.bioseekinc.com
                                Bridging the Gap From In Vitro to In Vivo



BioSeek, LLC
310 Utah, #100
South San Francisco, CA 94080

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A BioMAP<sup>®</sup> System in Detail

  • 1. Detail of a BioMAP® System Bridging the Gap From In Vitro to In Vivo 1
  • 2. BioMAP® Technology Platform BioMAP Reference Predictive Assay Systems Profile Database Informatics Tools Human primary cells Biomarker responses to drugs Specialized informatics tools are Disease-models are stored in the database used to predict clinical outcomes 30+ systems Human Biology Integrated into a Robust, Scalable Platform 2
  • 3. Current Validated BioMAP® Systems Primary Human Cell Types Disease Relevance BioMAP* Th1 and Th2 inflammation, allergy, Endothelial cells (EC) asthma, dermatitis, angiogenesis, wound healing, 3C 4H restenosis, atherosclerosis Th1 inflammation, psoriasis, COPD EC+lymphocyte+monocytes LPS SAg HPNo fibrosis, monocyte and T cell responses EC+Macrophages Macrophage responses, arthritis, COPD, fibrosis Mphg BT B cells + T cells Immune responses HSM3C HTh2 EC+Smooth Muscle Cells Vascular inflammation, restenosis, atherosclerosis EC+Th2 blasts Allergy, asthma HDF3CT HDFT Arthritis, asthma, dermatitis, fibrosis, psoriasis, Fibroblasts wound healing HDF3C HDFNo HDF3CGF Myofibroblasts Fibrosis, COPD, wound healing K3CT MyoF Keratinocytes Psoriasis, dermatitis, wound healing Keratinocytes+Fibroblasts Psoriasis, dermatitis, wound healing KF3CT KFNo Th1 and Th2 inflammation Bronchial Epithelial Cells Allergy, asthma, fibrosis, COPD BE3C BE4T Bronchial Epithelial Cells +Fibroblasts Asthma, allergy, fibrosis, COPD Smooth Muscle Cells Vascular inflammation, asthma, COPD, fibrosis BF4T SM3C 3
  • 4. BioMAP® 3C System System Cell Type Tissue Setting Biomarkers MCP-1, VCAM, CD141, Chronic Th1 Inflammation Endothelial Cells CD142, ICAM, E-selectin, IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR 3C
  • 5. Chronic Inflammation Model System Cell Type Tissue Setting Biomarkers MCP-1, VCAM, CD141, Chronic Th1 Inflammation Endothelial Cells CD142, ICAM, E-selectin, IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR 3C Multiple Stroke Sclerosis Cardiovascular Disease Arthritis Autoimmune Disease Respiratory Disease Heart Disease COPD
  • 6. Biomarker Readouts Are Disease Relevant System Cell Type Tissue Setting Biomarkers MCP-1, VCAM, CD141, Chronic Th1 Inflammation Endothelial Cells CD142, ICAM, E-selectin, IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR 3C Multiple Stroke Sclerosis Cardiovascular Disease Arthritis Autoimmune Disease Respiratory Disease Heart Disease COPD
  • 7. Biomarkers Cover Diverse Biological Processes System Cell Type Tissue Setting Biomarkers MCP-1, VCAM, CD141, Chronic Th1 Inflammation Endothelial Cells CD142, ICAM, E-selectin, IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR 3C Biomarker Biological Process MCP-1 Vascular inflammation, monocyte, T cell recruitment VCAM Chronic inflammation, redox stress; monocyte, T cell recruitment CD141/Thrombomodulin Fibrinolysis, thrombosis (-) CD142/Tissue Factor Angiogenesis, coagulation, thrombosis ICAM Acute and chronic inflammation; leukocyte adhesion and recruitment E-Selectin Leukocyte adhesion, neutrophil recruitment, skin T cell recruitment CD87/uPAR Cell migration, proliferation, angiogenesis IL-8 Acute inflammation, neutrophil recruitment, angiogenesis MIG Chronic inflammation, T cell recruitment, angiogenesis (-) HLA-DR Th1 immune responses, infection, antigen presentation
  • 8. Biomarkers Cover Diverse Clinical Indications System Cell Type Tissue Setting Biomarkers MCP-1, VCAM, CD141, Chronic Th1 Inflammation Endothelial Cells CD142, ICAM, E-selectin, IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR 3C Biomarker Clinical Indications (Biomarker or Risk Factor) MCP-1 Acute coronary syndrome, Atherosclerosis, Diabetes, Heart disease VCAM Atherosclerosis, Multiple sclerosis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Diabetes CD141/Thrombomodulin Coronary artery disease, Lupus, Stroke, Vasculitis CD142/Tissue Factor Coronary Artery Disease, Stroke, Myocardial Infarction ICAM Infection, Acute inflammation, Multiple sclerosis E-Selectin Psoriasis, Diabetes, Cancer CD87/uPAR Atherosclerosis, Cancer, COPD, Restenosis IL-8 COPD, Lung cancer (NSCLC), Rheumatoid arthritis, Ulcerative colitis MIG Transplant rejection, Pulmonary sarcoidosis HLA-DR Rheumatoid arthritis, Lupus, Multiple sclerosis, Transplant rejection
  • 9. Biomarker Levels are Modulated by Drugs System Cell Type Tissue Setting Biomarkers MCP-1, VCAM, CD141, Chronic Th1 Inflammation Endothelial Cells CD142, ICAM, E-selectin, IL-1b + TNFa + IFNg uPAR, IL-8, MIG, HLA-DR 3C MCP-1 VCAM Thrombomodulin Tissue Factor ICAM E-selectin Drug uPAR Control IL-8 Mig HLA-DR 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 Relative Level of Protein Expression
  • 10. Pattern of Biomarker Level Changes -> Profile Example: p38 MAPK inhibitor BioMAP System Significant Increase 3C in Biomarker Level (Drug/DMSO control) Log expression ratio 99% Significance Envelope Significant Decrease in Biomarker Level Control (no drug) Drug Control Biomarkers (Readout Parameters) 10
  • 11. Pattern of Biomarker Level Changes -> Profile Example: p38 MAPK inhibitor BioMAP System Significant Increase 3C in Biomarker Level (Drug/DMSO control) Log expression ratio 99% Significance Envelope Significant Decrease in Biomarker Level Control (no drug) Drug Control Biomarkers (Readout Parameters) 11
  • 12. BioMAP® Profile of a p38 MAP Kinase Inhibitor BioMAP System 3C (Drug/DMSO control) Log expression ratio 99% Significance Envelope Dose Control Response (no drug) Drug Biomarkers (Readout Parameters) 12
  • 13. Biomarkers Provide Insight on Biological Processes 3C Monocyte recruitment into MCP-1 inflammatory tissues (Drug/DMSO control) Log expression ratio Tissue Platelet activation and Factor thrombosis Antigen presentation and T cell HLA-DR activation 13
  • 14. Biomarkers Provide Insight on Disease Indications Acute coronary 3C MCP-1 syndrome, Atherosclerosis, Dia (Drug/DMSO control) Log expression ratio betes, Heart Disease Coronary artery Tissue disease, Myocardial Factor infarction, Stroke Rheumatoid HLA-DR arthritis, Lupus, Multiple Sclerosis, Transplant rejection 14
  • 15. In Vivo Confirmation of BioMAP® Biomarkers Example: p38 MAPK Inhibitor Sheryanna A, et al. Inhibition of p38 mitogen- activated protein kinase is effective in the 3C treatment of experimental crescentic MCP-1 glomerulonephritis and suppresses monocyte (Drug/DMSO control) Log expression ratio chemoattractant protein-1 but not IL-1beta or IL-6. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007, 18:1167-79. Sakurai K, et al. Role of p38 mitogen-activated Tissue protein kinase in thrombus formation. J Recept Factor Signal Transduct Res. 2004, 24:283-96. Wada T, et al. Reduction in chronic allograft HLA-DR nephropathy by inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Am J Nephrol. 2006, 26:319-25. 15
  • 16. Contacts Ellen L. Berg, PhD General Manager, BioSeek LLC 650-416-7621 eberg@bioseekinc.com www.bioseekinc.com Bridging the Gap From In Vitro to In Vivo BioSeek, LLC 310 Utah, #100 South San Francisco, CA 94080