Hip-hop began in the late 1960s as a cultural movement within African American communities in New York City, centered around four elements: rap music, turntablism, breakdancing, and graffiti art. Pioneering artists like DJ Kool Herc and Afrika Bambaataa would play mixed music at block parties to bring people together across racial and social barriers. Hip-hop culture introduced the concept of sampling older records to create new music. As a genre, hip-hop is also known as rap and involves rhyming speech over rhythmic beats, and can incorporate beatboxing and sampling. The 1980s saw the genre's development and the emergence of subgenres like gangsta rap and G

1. Hip-Hop Music

2. Hip-Hop Culture
‘Hip-Hop’ was a cultural movement which began in the USA during the
late 1960s among African American communities.
The roots of the movement begin in New York City and consisted of
four elements: rap music, turntablism, b-boying and graffiti art. At the
start of the movement, block parties would be held in which artists and
groups such as the Ghetto Brothers and DJ Kool Herc, would play
‘mixed’ music throughout their neighbourhoods in an attempt to break
down ‘racial and social barriers’.
Hip-Hop culture created the concept of ‘sampling’ music, updating old
records by adding or taking from modern tracks.

3. Original Hip-Hop Culture Groups:
• DJ Kool Herc
• Afrika Bambaataa
• Ghetto Brothers
• Grandmaster Flash and the
Furious Five

4. Hip-Hop Music Genre
‘Hip-Hop’ as a genre is also known as ‘rap’ and is stylised as rhyming speech
and rhythmic music. It can also include beat boxing and sampling.
‘Hip-Hop’ can refer to the ‘culture’ as a whole and thus the term ‘rapping’ is
heard more frequently, though ‘hip-hop’ more appropriately summarises the
genre.
The song ‘Rapper’s Delight’ by the Sugarhill Gang is widely viewed as the first
recorded hip-hop song to receive large scale success, and the 1980s became
a time of development for the genre as subgenres began to emerge such as
New School Hip-Hop, Gangsta Rap and G-Funk.
Post the 1980’s, the genre began to spread overseas toward other Western
nations and the racial barriers of the genre began to breakdown.

5. Modern Hip-Hop Artists:
• Jay Z
• Kanye West
• Labrinth
• Eminem
• Nicki Minaj
• Kendrick Lamar
• Tinie Tempah